Digital mapping of soil ecosystem services in Scotland using neural networks and relationship modelling. Part 2: Mapping of soil ecosystem services     

Matt J. Aitkenhead  Malcolm C. Coull 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(2):217-231

A framework for estimating the distribution of soil ecosystem service (ES) supply is described that is based on the concept of matrix multiplication. This approach enables relationships between fundamental soil variables and associated environmental characteristics to be linked to soil processes, and hence to ecosystem functions and ecosystem services. The parameterization of these relationships was achieved using a combination of data from the Scottish Soils Database and expert knowledge. Baseline data to allow mapping of processes, functions and services across Scotland is given by digital maps of soil classes. The matrix multiplication approach constrains the relationship linkages to linear relationships and ignores potential synergies between factors at each stage, but does provide a mechanism for relating fundamental soil characteristics to ecosystem services. The approach has been tested by developing maps of selected ecosystem services in Scotland and comparing these with existing maps of the same or similar ESs. While the values and their ranges differ in each case, the spatial distribution of services is similar. The proposed mechanism is extensible at every level and can also be used to explore the impacts of land management options on environmental characteristics. This is demonstrated by using the model to estimate impacts of liming on three ecosystem services: Agricultural Capability, Carbon Sequestration and Drinking Water Provision. The model is shown to produce reasonable estimation of the impacts of this management option. Further discussion of improvements to the system and its potential applications is given.  相似文献   

C. E. Nash: The history of aquaculture     

Malcolm Jobling 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(6):1231-1232

  相似文献   

J. Treasurer (editor): Cleaner fish biology and aquaculture applications     

Malcolm Jobling 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(5):1207-1209

  相似文献   

F. Asche and T. Bjørndal: The economics of salmon aquaculture, 2nd edn     

Malcolm Jobling 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(5):1021-1023

  相似文献   

Effect of soil organic matter on peroxidase activity of wheat roots     

D. Vaughan  R.E. Malcolm 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1979,11(1):57-63

Some soil organic matter fractions inhibited the peroxidase activity of wheat-root filtrates, but the effect was related to the enzyme hydrogen donor used. In the presence of o-dianisidine as the hydrogen donor, humic acid and the fractions obtained from it by water or acid refluxing inhibited the enzyme activity. The greatest effects were produced by those fractions which were insoluble after such treatments. The inhibitory effects were reversible and non-competitive, the Michaelis constant of the enzyme being only slightly affected, and independent of pH of the assay media. When guaiacol was used as the enzyme substrate the inhibitory effects of the humic acid and its fractions were variable and less marked.p-Coumaric and p-hydroxybenzoic acids inhibited peroxidase activity when o-dianisidine was used as substrate, but stimulated the enzyme in the presence of guaiacol. Polymaleic acid which is thought to have a similar structure to fulvic acid, inhibited peroxidase in the presence of both hydrogen donors. whereas fulvic acid was considerably less effective.  相似文献   

Effects of humic acid fractions on invertase activities in plant tissues     

R.E. Malcolm  D. Vaughan 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1979,11(1):65-72

The effect of some soil organic matter fractions and synthetic humic acids were tested on the invertase activities in tissues of several higher-plant species. The effects varied according to the plant and soil organic matter fraction used. Thus no fraction tested had any effect on the invertase activity of beetroot storage tissue, but several fractions, mainly humic acid and its residues obtained by water or acid boiling, inhibited invertase in carrot storage tissues and wheat roots and coleoptiles. and to a lesser extent mungbean hypocotyls. Soil phenolic acids were without effect in any of the plant tissues tested. Some stimulations of invertase activity occurred with pea root tissue, using the water- and acid-soluble humic-acid fractions. The effects were independent of ash contents, total N or the C:H:N ratio, and could not be ascribed to any particular chemical component.The inhibitory effects on wheat invertase activity produced by soil organic matter were independent of pH in the range 4.5–7.0, and were constant over a 4 h incubation. The inhibitors only slightly affected the K_m but markedly affected the V_max of the reaction, hence they were non-competitive.The effect of a naturally-occurring invertase inhibitor from beetroot storage tissues could be reduced in the presence of humic acid. Although the inhibitor had little effect on wheat root invertase it did reduce the inhibitory effect of the humic acid in this tissue.  相似文献   

Variation among seed sources of silver birch in Scotland     

Worrell  R.; Cundall  E.P.; Malcolm  D.C.; Ennos  R.A.. 《Forestry》2000,73(5):419-435

  相似文献   

Use of magnetic resonance imaging and histopathologic findings for diagnosis of an aneurysmal bone cyst in the scapula of a cat     

Benamou J  Lussier B  Alexander K  Gains MJ  Savard C 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2012,240(1):69-74

  相似文献   

Zoonotic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture: Opportunities for surveillance in Canada     

Malcolm Weir  Andrijana Raji?  Lucie Dutil  Carl Uhland  Nathalie Bruneau 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2012,53(6):619-622

  相似文献   

W. McLarney: Freshwater aquaculture     

Malcolm Jobling 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(2):955-957

  相似文献