Recent update on the prevalence of Vibrio species among cultured grouper in Peninsular Malaysia     

Nor Zulkiply Amalina  Zulperi Dzarifah  Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal  Mohd Termizi Yusof  Mohd Zamri‐Saad  Nurhidayu Al‐saari  Mami Tanaka  Sayaka Mino  Tomoo Sawabe  Md Yasin Ina‐Salwany 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3202-3210

Vibrio infections are common among marine fish and lead to serious problems in the aquaculture sector. This study reports a recent occurrence of Vibrio species (spp.) isolated from cultured groupers in Peninsular Malaysia using the gyrB and pyrH genes. A total of 147 Vibrio strains were successfully isolated from 77 (64%) groupers using culture method and subjected to gyrB and pyrH sequencing for species identification and confirmation. Results showed that 89% of Vibrio strains were identified and clustered to six groups of Vibrio spp., while 11% were not clustered to any Vibrio spp. using the gyrB sequences. Meanwhile, by analysis of the pyrH sequences all the 147 Vibrio strains (100%) were successfully identified and clustered into 11 groups of Vibrio spp., including the gyrB non‐identified strains. The pyrH gene provides a better resolution for identification of Vibrio spp. compared with the gyrB gene. Thus, the pyrH gene was more suitable for a rapid determination of Vibrio spp. distribution in Peninsular Malaysia. Using the pyrH gene, our study found higher prevalence of Vibrio vulnificus (33%), V. alginolyticus (24%) and V. parahaemolyticus (22%), followed by V. rotiferianus (5%), V. harveyi (3%), V. tubiashii (2%), V. campbellii (2%), V. ponticus (1%), V. diabolicus (1%), V. owensii (1%) and others Vibrio sp. (7%). Thus, the results of this study revealed that the occurrence of pathogenic vibrios among grouper fish is still high in Malaysian aquaculture. In addition, the pyrH gene was proved as a suitable marker for rapid identification of Vibrio species compared with the gyrB gene.  相似文献   

Improving the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of composite sheets containing wasted tea leaves by roasting   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tetsuya Takahashi  Yuji Aso  Wakako Kasai  Tetsuo Kondo 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(5):403-410

We used various kinds of wasted tea leaves to develop composite sheets with antibacterial properties. Antibacterial tests showed that the number of viable bacterial cells for the sheet containing wasted green tea leaves was around 10:⁶–10⁷ CFU/ml after 18 h culture compared to 108 CFU/ml for a tea-free sheet. This indicates that cell growth was signifi cantly inhibited. For sheets containing other types of tea leaves (oolong, black, hojicha, and pu-erh), living cells were not found, indicating that these sheets had superior antibacterial effects. Living cells were also not found in sheets containing wasted black tea leaves or roasted tea leaves at a concentration of 60% by weight after 6 h cultivation. Therefore, roasting treatment of wasted green tea leaves was examined to improve the antibacterial activity of the sheet. In particular, the focus was on structural conversion of catechins by heating.  相似文献   

Cytologic,histologic, and immunohistochemical features of maxillofacial alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in a juvenile dog     

Mami Murakami  Hiroki Sakai  Nao Iwatani  Aki Asakura  Yuki Hoshino  Takashi Mori  Tokuma Yanai  Kohji Maruo  Toshiaki Masegi 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(1):113-118

Abstract: A 15‐month‐old castrated male dog with a history of intermittent epistaxis and sneezing was admitted for the examination of a maxillofacial mass. An impression smear of a biopsy sample from the cauliflower‐shaped gingival mass contained numerous round cells, 5–25 μm in diameter, which contained a moderate amount of clear to pale blue cytoplasm and resembled lymphoid cells. Mitotic figures were frequently observed. The mass was diagnosed as malignant round cell neoplasia. On histologic examination the tumor was composed of diffusely arranged, small, atypical round cells with a small amount of fibrovascular stroma. Immunohistochemically, the cells were negative for CD3, CD18, CD20, CD79α, cytokeratin, melan‐A, chromogranin A, α‐smooth muscle actin, and myoglobin but positive for vimentin and desmin. The cells also had strong positive nuclear staining for myogenin and MyoD1. A diagnosis of solid‐pattern alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma was made on the basis of morphologic and immunohistochemical results. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors in juvenile dogs, especially when cytologic findings reveal round, undifferentiated cells.  相似文献   

Glomerular lipidosis accompanied by renal tubular oxalosis in wild and laboratory-reared Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus)     

Murai A  Murakami M  Sakai H  Shimizu H  Murata K  Yanai T 《Avian diseases》2011,55(4):709-713

Glomerular lipidosis is a disease characterized by lipid accumulation in mesangial cells but that has not been fully investigated in avian species. We examined four wild and two laboratory-reared Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus)--an endangered avian species--presenting vacuolar deposits in the glomeruli. All cases had vacuolar deposits in the glomeruli. In the wild cases, fewer than 30% of all glomeruli were affected, compared with more than 90% in the laboratory-reared cases. In the wild cases, most deposits were mild and restricted to the mesangial areas of glomeruli. In the laboratory-reared cases, nearly all of the deposits covered entire glomeruli. Electron microscopy of mild deposits revealed vacuoles in the cytoplasm of mesangial cells. These vacuoles were positive for Sudan III, Sudan black B, oil red O, Nile blue, periodic acid-Schiff, Schultz test, and digitonin stain and were negative for performaric acid-Schiff stains. Based on these results, we diagnosed the glomerular lesion as glomerular lipidosis caused by uptake of low-density lipoprotein in mesangial cells. Except for one wild case, all cases exhibited renal tubular oxalosis. The severity of tubular oxalosis tended to be related to the severity of glomerular lipidosis: In cases of mild glomerular lipidosis, tubular oxalosis was also mild or absent. We therefore diagnosed the primary lesion as glomerular lipidosis accompanied by tubular oxalosis. The four wild cases came from different zones and therefore had no opportunities to interbreed and no common relatives. We believe these data support the hypothesis that glomerular lipidosis is a disease of the general population ofJapanese rock ptarmigans. This is the first report of glomerular lipidosis accompanied by renal tubular oxalosis in an avian species.  相似文献   

Efficacy of en bloc thoracic duct ligation in combination with pericardiectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for canine idiopathic chylothorax     

Hiroo Kanai DVM  Masaru Furuya DVM  PhD  Ken Hagiwara MD  Aya Nukaya DVM  Motoki Kondo DVM  PhD  Toshihide Aso DVM  Ayako Fujii DVM  Kazumi Sasai DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(Z1):O102-O111

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Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Ryegrass Mottle Virus : A New Species of the Genus Sobemovirus     

Feiyun ZHANG  Shigemitsu TORIYAMA  Mami TAKAHASHI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):63-68

The genome of Ryegrass mottle virus (RGMoV) comprises 4210 nucleotides. The genomic RNA contains four open reading frames (ORFs). The largest ORF 2 encodes a polyprotein of 947 amino acids (103.6 kDa), which codes for a serine protease and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The viral coat protein is encoded on ORF 4 present at the 3′-proximal region. Other ORFs 1 and 3 encode the predicted 14.6 kDa and 19.8 kDa proteins of unknown function. The consensus signal for frameshifting, heptanucleotide UUUAAAC and a stem-loop structure just downstream is in front of the AUG codon of ORF 3. Analysis of the in vitro translation products of RGMoV RNA suggests that the 68 kDa protein may represent a fusion protein of ORF 2-ORF 3 produced by frameshifting. The protease region of the polyprotein and coat protein have a low similarity with that of the sobemoviruses (approximately 25% amino acid identity), while the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region has particularly strong similarity (54 to 60% of more than 350 amino acid residues). The sequence similarities of RGMoV to the sobemoviruses, together with the characteristic genome organization indicate that RGMoV is a new species of the genus Sobemovirus. Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 14 November 2000  相似文献   

Growth of Glucose-uptake-deficient Mutant of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice Leaves     

Seiji TSUGE  Mami NISHIDA  Ayako FURUTANI  Yasuyuki KUBO  Osamu HORINO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(2):144-147

We isolated Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae mutants deficient in the phosphoenolpyruvate : carbohydrate phos-photransferase system, a major glucose transport system in bacteria, using the glucose analogue 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-d-glucose (3FG). Glucose uptake by the mutants was decreased to 15–35% of the parental strain, and growth greatly decreased in synthetic media containing glucose as a sole sugar source. Growth of the mutants in rice leaves was, however, similar to the wild type. These findings suggest that glucose is not necessarily a major carbohydrate source for X. o. pv. oryzae in rice leaves. Received 11 August 2000/ Accepted in revised form 15 December 2000  相似文献   

Maximum permissible load for Kiso horses trotting over a short,straight course          下载免费PDF全文

Akihiro Matsuura  Sota Inoue  Mami Irimajiri  Koichi Hodate 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):232-236

This study aimed to determine the load‐bearing capacity of trotting Kiso horses using gait analysis. Ten Kiso horses with a height at withers of 128 cm were included. Their riders were fitted with a marker (70 mm in diameter placed on their chest) recorded by two digital DVD cameras while trotting along a short, straight course. In total, eight tests were performed for each horse: the first with a 70 kg load; six with randomly loaded weights ranging 80–130 kg; and then a final test again with a 70 kg load. Three‐dimensional movement of the marker was analyzed using a motion capture system. The time series of vertical displacement of the marker underwent spectrum analysis by the maximum entropy method, and the autocorrelation coefficient was calculated. The first two peaks of the autocorrelation were defined as symmetry and regularity, and their sum was defined as stability. Regularity in the 120 kg test (0.54) was lower than that in the first 70 kg test (0.61), and stability in the 120 kg test (1.31) was lower than that in the first 70 kg test (1.42). We concluded that the maximum permissible load for a trotting Kiso horse is < 120 kg, which represents 31% of its bodyweight.  相似文献   

Studies on the physiological effect of humic acid     

Sueo Aso  Hiroshi Takenaga 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):231-237

Many investigations have been reported on the physiological mechanisms of iron chlorosis induced by manganese. And several hypotheses such as “Oxidation reduction potential theory” (1) or “Chelation theory” (2) have been proposed concerning the interference of manganese on the absorption and translocation of iron in plants. However, from a comparative check of experimental results which had been done on various kinds of heavy metals inducing iron chlorosis, the authors have found that the degree of iron chlorosis did not strictly coincide with the order of oxidation reduction potential or stability constant of these chelate compounds. Also, CHINO et al. (3,4) reported that iron chlorosis induced by heavy metals did not coincide with the order of stability constant of these metal chelate compounds, but depended upon their inhibiting action on plant growth and iron absorption. But ASO et al. (5) reported previously that using root separating method they obtained higher iron absorption and better recovery of iron chlorosis of barley plants when iron and nitro-humic acid or EDTA were added simultaneously than when iron only was added. From these results, it was considered that the distribution and chemical form of iron in plants were affected by chelating action of nitro-humic acid or EDTA.  相似文献   

Cellular localization of IL-18 and IL-18 receptor in pig anterior pituitary gland     

Nagai Y  Watanabe K  Aso H  Ohwada S  Muneta Y  Yamaguchi T 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2006,30(2):144-154

Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18) has been proposed to have a role in modulating immuno-endocrine functions. Our previous study showed that IL-18 and IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) colocalized in somatotrophs of the bovine anterior pituitary gland, and the possibility that IL-18 acts on somatotrophs as an autocrine factor. In the present study, we investigated the localization of IL-18 and IL-18R in the pig anterior pituitary gland. RT-PCR analysis showed the expression of IL-18 and IL-18R mRNAin the pig anterior pituitary gland. Immunohistochemistry of IL-18 and specific hormones revealed the presence of IL-18 in somatotrophs, mammotrophs, thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs. IL-18R was localized in somatotrophs and thyrotrophs. Furthermore, the somatotrophs immunoreactive for IL-18 did not contain IL-18R. Thus, IL-18R and IL-18 were not colocalized in an identical somatotroph. These findings suggest that the localization of IL-18 in pig somatotrophs is different from that in bovine somatotrophs, although IL-18 closely associates with somatotrophs in the anterior pituitary glands in both species.  相似文献