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Manju Chaudhary 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):351-359
In a long-term experiment conducted (1967?–?2001) at Hisar, India, pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) was grown during summer and winter in a rotation. The treatments consisted of farmyard manure (FYM) at the rate of 15, 30 and 45 Mg ha???1 during one or both the seasons. A treatment without FYM was maintained as a control. This made the total number of treatments 10, along with 2 levels of nitrogen at 0 and 120?kg ha???1. Samples from 0?–?15, 15?–?30 and 30?–?45?cm soil depths were collected and analysed for DTPA extractable and total content of zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Application of FYM significantly increased the DTPA extractable and total content of all the studied micronutrients in all soil depths. The increase was higher in the surface layer than in the lower depths. The time of application of FYM influenced the content of soil micronutrients. DTPA extractable and total content of micronutrients was higher when FYM was applied in winter as compared to summer. Application of N has no effect on DTPA extractable or total micronutrients content. 相似文献
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Keith E. King Gregory A. Peiffer Manju Reddy Nick Lauter Shun Fu Lin Silvia Cianzio 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(14):2132-2153
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean results in yield losses or in extreme cases death. Breeding for resistance has shown limited success with no cultivar having complete resistance. Mineral content of the soybean could be an indicator of the ability of the plant to withstand the effects of IDC. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration was examined in soybean seed and leaves. SSR, RFLP, and BARCSOYSSR markers were used to construct a linkage map used for mapping of Fe and Zn concentrations. The QTL analysis for the combined data identified one major QTL for seed Fe accumulation on chromosome 20 that explained 21.5% of the variation. This QTL was in the marker interval pa_515-1-Satt239, with marker pa_515-1 previously being used to map an Fe-efficiency QTL. This provides the first evidence of a potential genetic link between Fe-efficiency and Fe accumulation in the soybean seed. 相似文献
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Baskaralingam Vaseeharan Manju Sivalingam Ramasamy Palaniappan 《Aquaculture Research》2013,45(1):97-105
This study focuses on the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) from medicinal plants against Pseudomonas sp isolated from aquatic environments, and proves its controlling efficacy on Pseudomonas aeruginosa‐Dahp1 using Confocal Laser scanning Microscopy. Twenty‐seven Pseudomonas spp. (Ps 1–Ps 27) were isolated using King's B medium and the selected P. aeruginosa‐Dahp1 was confirmed using 16S r‐DNA methods. Antimicrobial activity of 10 EOs was determined using agar well and disc diffusion methods. Ten EOs were extracted with six solvents and the crude extracts were tested against the Pseudomonas spp. through disc diffusion method. Among 10 EOs tested, maximum inhibitory activity was noted in EOs of Wringtia tinctoria against the P. aeruginosa‐Dahp1 in the disc diffusion method. The MIC values (concentrations were expressed in Weight/Volume) of the EOs range from 0.5 to 9.054 mg mL?1. The EO of W. tinctoria showed the maximum activity at the concentration (w/v) of 2.060 mg mL?1. The EO of W. tinctoria with chloroform extract showed the maximum inhibition against P. aeruginosa‐Dahp1. The CLSM proves the control and viability of 1 × 105 CFU mL?1 of P. aeruginosa‐Dahp1 at a lower concentration (2.720 mg) of EOs with chloroform extracts of W. tinctoria. This study pivots for designing of new drugs using EOs of W. tinctoria against Pseudomonades in the aquaculture sites. 相似文献
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Kundan Kumar Chaubey Saurabh Gupta Manju Singh Jagdip Singh Sohal Naveen Kumar 《The Veterinary quarterly》2017,37(1):282-299
This review underlines the public health significance of ‘Indian Bison Type’ of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and also its potential as ‘zoonotic infection’. In the absence of control programs, bio-load of MAP is increasing and if we take total population of animals (500 million plus) and human beings (1.23 billion plus) into account, the number of infected animals and human beings will run into millions in India. Our research on screening of over 26,000 domestic livestock for MAP infection using 4 different diagnostic tests (microscopy, culture, ELISA and PCR), during last 31 years has shown that the average bio-load of MAP in the livestock population of India is very high (cattle 43%, buffaloes 36%, goats 23% and sheep 41%). ‘Mass screening’ of 28,291 human samples between 2008–2016 revealed also high bio-load of MAP. It has been proved that MAP is not in-activated during pasteurization and therefore live bacilli are continuously reaching human population by consumption of even pasteurized milk and other milk products. Live bacilli have also been recovered from meat products and the environment thus illustrating the potential of MAP as pathogen of public health concern. However, at present, there is inadequate scientific evidence to confirm a conclusive link between MAP infection and Johne's disease in ruminants and some cases of Crohn's disease in human beings. 相似文献
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为了分析岩礁性鱼类在不同开孔形状及不同开孔大小下的趋礁行为及空间分布,以黄鳍棘鲷(Acanthopagrus latus)幼鱼为研究对象,观察了不同开孔形状(菱形、圆形、正方形)、不同开孔大小(2.5、5、7.5、10cm)人工鱼礁对鱼类的行为影响,并通过行为分析软件LoliTtrackVersion5对黄鳍棘鲷幼鱼的平均速度、平均加速度、平均转弯速度、活动时间百分比以及平均分布坐标位置进行分析。结果表明,在放入人工鱼礁后黄鳍棘鲷幼鱼在礁区的平均分布率有明显上升,幼鱼在菱形开孔实验组人工鱼礁区的平均分布率最高,为(27.32±4.93)%,其次为正方形和圆形开孔实验组,分别为(25.48±3.41)%和(19.83±5.59)%。另外开孔大小为7.50 cm的实验组中,黄鳍棘鲷幼鱼在VI区的平均分布率最高,为(29.18±4.75)%;开孔大小为2.50 cm和5.00 cm的实验组中在VI区的平均分布率次之,分别为(23.45±3.86)%及(23.04±5.51)%;开孔大小为10.00 cm的实验组最低,为(21.17±5.14)%。在运动能力方面,黄鳍棘鲷幼鱼的平均速度、平均加... 相似文献
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The effect of a synthetic curcumin analogue (salicylcurcumin) on fish lipid peroxidation was investigated in both in vitro
and in vivo conditions using a teleost model Anabas testudineus (Bloch). Curcumin analogue inhibited the formation of lipid peroxidation products and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
(TBARS) content at the three concentrations (10−2 M, 10−3 M and 10−4 M) in vitro. TBARS content was reduced by 80% in the liver and 68% in brain by the higher concentration of salicylcurcumin.
For in vivo study, salicylcurcumin (0.5%) was supplemented along with the basal feed for a period of 60 days. It produced
a 60% reduction in liver TBARS content. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was stimulated, whereas catalase
(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were inhibited. Glutathione (GSH) was reduced and glutathione reductase (GR) unchanged.
Even though there was an increase in SOD activity, the CAT and GPx did not increase accordingly, maybe due to the direct scavenging
of H2O2 by salicylcurcumin. The protein content also increased in the curcumin-fed animals, indicating a positive growth-promoting
effect. Therefore, it would be beneficial to supplement salicylcurcumin along with the aquaculture feed in order to help the
fish to cope with adverse conditions in the environment. This would increase the survival rate, disease resistance and ultimately
the growth rate. 相似文献
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Salinity Induced Accumulation of Free Amino Acids in Germinating Rice Seeds Differing in Salt Tolerance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Metabolic status of total and individual free amino acids were studied in endosperms and embryoaxes of four rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance, growing under increasing levels of saline stress. At all saline treatment levels and in controls salt tolerant cultivars had higher levels of total free amino acids in germinating seed parts than sensitives. Individual free amino acids which always maintained higher levels in germinating tolerant seeds over sensitives were aspartic acid, arginine, glycine and leucine. Salinity caused accumulation of free amino acids in germinating seed parts in all cultivars. Maximum accumulation was of arginine followed by leucine, alanine, valine, glutamine and proline. Individual amino acids accumulated greatly in tolerant cultivars than sensitives. Increased salinity caused decrease in the levels of aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine and histidine in growing embryoaxes. Results suggest possible relationship between levels of free amino acids arginine, leucine, alanine, valine, glutamine and proline and degree of salt tolerance in rice. These all amino acids should be considered in combination as indices for salt tolerance in rice. 相似文献
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Al-Wahsh IA Horner HT Palmer RG Reddy MB Massey LK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(14):5670-5674
The consumption of foods made from soybeans is increasing because of their desirable nutritional value. However, some soy foods contain high concentrations of oxalate and/or phytate. Oxalate is a component of calcium oxalate kidney stones, whereas phytate is an inhibitor of calcium kidney stone formation. Thirty tested commercial soy foods exhibited ranges of 0.02-2.06 mg oxalate/g and 0.80-18.79 mg phytate/g. Commercial soy foods contained 2-58 mg of total oxalate per serving and 76-528 mg phytate per serving. Eighteen of 19 tofu brands and two soymilk brands contained less than 10 mg oxalate per serving, defined as a low oxalate food. Soy flour, textured vegetable soy protein, vegetable soybeans, soy nuts, tempeh, and soynut butter exhibited greater than 10 mg per serving. The correlation between oxalate and phytate in the soy foods was significant (r = 0.71, P < 0.001) indicating that oxalate-rich soy foods also contain higher concentrations of phytate. There also was a significant correlation, based on molar basis, between the divalent ion binding potential of oxalate plus phytate and calcium plus magnesium (r = 0.90, P < 0.001) in soy foods. Soy foods containing small concentrations of oxalate and moderate concentrations of phytate may be advantageous for kidney stone patients or persons with a high risk of kidney stones. 相似文献
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The efficacy ofLeucaena leucocephala root litter as a natural biological fertiliser was assessed usingZea mays as a test plant. Up to 8% of the fine roots of the plants constituted root litter. This fine root litter was better than that ofTrigonella foenum-graecum at increasing the growth and productivity ofZea mays. The root litter increased the growth of maize shoots more than the growth of roots. This appears to be a general phenomenon when plant nutrients are insufficient, as in the present study. 相似文献