Mechanism of reduction of exchangeable aluminum by gypsum application in acid andosols     

Masahiko Saigusa  Mitsuru Toma 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):343-349

Mechanism of reduction of exchangeable aluminum in acid Andosols treated with gypsum was studied by using cation exchange resin methods to determine the amount of polymerized aluminum. Two types of acid Andosols were used as test soils: Kitakami light colored Andosol (fine, mixed, mesic, Andic Dystrochrept) and Kawatabi thick high humic Andosol (medial, mesic mixed Alic Pachic Melanudand). Polymerization of aluminum in the soil solution of both Kitakami and Kawatabi Andosols treated with gypsum was suggested based on an analysis using cation exchange resin methods, whereas that in monomer aluminum solution was not detected. Accumulation of polymerized aluminum in both Kitakami and Kawatabi Andosols was determined by using cation exchange resin, and the amounts of polymer aluminum trapped by the resin and the ratio of polymer aluminum to monomer aluminum were increased with the incubation time. The values of CEC which decreased in the Kitakami Andosol after gypsum treatment were almost equivalent to the amounts of cation exchange sites occupied by polymer aluminum ions which were calculated based on the decrease of the values of Y _l. We conclude that the mechanism of reduction of exchangeable aluminum in strongly acid Andosols treated with gypsum is as follows: firstly, exchangeable aluminum adsorbed on the cation exchange sites of soils may be released into the soil solution due to the increase in the ion strength caused by gypsum application, and then monomer aluminum in soil solution may be polymerized in the presence of soil colloidal materials. Consequently, the polymer aluminum formed in the soil solution may be selectively and irreversibly fixed on the cation exchange sites of 2 : 1 clay minerals.  相似文献   

The effects of soft cryotherapy on conjunctiva and cornea in isolated pig eyes and comparison with standard liquid nitrogen: A pilot ex vivo study     

Laura Barachetti  Chiara Giudice  Margherita Cescon  Carlo M. Mortellaro  Roberta Ferrari  Antonella Rampazzo 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(3):544-551

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Effect of aglepristone (RU534) administration during follicular phase on progesterone,estradiol-17β and LH serum concentrations in bitches     

Alessandro Troisi  Angela Polisca  Lucia Cardinali  Riccardo Orlandi  Gabriele Brecchia  Laura Menchetti  Massimo Zerani  Margherita Maranesi  Walter Di Mari  John Paul Verstegen 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(12):1794-1802

Aglepristone was administered in bitches during the follicular phase to evaluate its effects on progesterone, estradiol-17β and LH serum concentrations. Ten German Shepherds were divided into two groups (treated n = 5; control n = 5). Treated bitches received 10 mg/kg BW of aglepristone subcutaneously during the early follicular phase, 24 hr after and then 7 days later. The control group was injected, at the same time periods, with saline solution (0.3 ml/kg BW). For the steroid evaluations, blood was collected daily from the onset of proestrus until the first day of cytological dioestrus. For LH base-line serum determination, blood was also collected every 20 min for 2 hr at the onset of proestrus. For LH surge identification, blood was collected daily (every 6 hr) starting from the day of the first administration of aglepristone or saline solution until the first day of dioestrus. All animals ovulated but the treated group presented longer ovulation-dioestrus intervals than the control group (5.2 ± 2.2 days p < .05). Serum concentrations of the evaluated hormones were similar between experimental animals except for serum LH. Indeed, no LH peaks were detected in the treated group while LH surges were clearly observed in the control group (9 ± 1 days after the beginning of proestrus. In particular, the area under the curve for LH was significantly lower in treated than control animals (12 ± 4 ng/ml x Day; p = .01). In conclusion, administrations of aglepristone during the follicular phase of the bitch does not affect the steroid hormone patterns but does prevent the occurrence of a LH surge. This work raises significant questions and opens perspectives concerning the mechanisms of ovulation in bitches.  相似文献   

Polyphenolic composition of hazelnut skin     

Del Rio D  Calani L  Dall'Asta M  Brighenti F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(18):9935-9941

Skins from different hazelnut samples were characterized for total polyphenol content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and their content in specific polyphenolic compounds. The main polyphenolic subclass, identified and quantified by means of HPLC-MS/MS, comprised monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols, which accounted for more than 95% of total polyphenols. Flavonols and dihydrochalcones were 3.5% while phenolic acids were less than 1% of the total identified phenolics. The TAC values of the skin samples ranged between 0.6 and 2.2 mol of reduced iron/kg of sample, which is about 3 times the TAC of whole walnuts, 7-8 times that of dark chocolate, 10 times that of espresso coffee, and 25 times that of blackberries. By describing the profile of polyphenols present in hazelnut skins, this study provides the basis to further investigate the potential health effects of hazelnut byproduct.  相似文献   

First record of avian Plasmodium DNA from mosquitoes collected in the Yaeyama Archipelago, southwestern border of Japan     

Ejiri H  Sato Y  Kim KS  Tamashiro M  Tsuda Y  Toma T  Miyagi I  Murata K  Yukawa M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(11):1521-1525

We studied the prevalence of avian Plasmodium in 509 mosquitoes of 9 species collected from the Ishigaki and Iriomote islands in the Yaeyama Archipelago, located southwest from the mainland of Japan. Two identical avian Plasmodium lineages were detected from Culex (Culiciomyia) nigropunctatus. Detected lineages were phylogenetically classified into different clade to avian Plasmodium lineages from birds and mosquitoes in the mainland of Japan but identical to a lineage detected from a resident bird, White-breasted Waterken (Amaurornis phoenicurus). This is the first detection of avian Plasmodium DNA from mosquitoes in the Yaeyama Archipelago and suggested that resident birds might have been infected with an avian Plasmodium lineage specific to the studied area and C. nigropunctatus could be the candidate vector mosquito species.  相似文献   

Immunological parameters in goats experimentally infected with SRLV genotype E, strain Roccaverano     

Reina R  Juganaru MM  Profiti M  Cascio P  Cerruti F  Bertolotti L  De Meneghi D  Amorena B  Rosati S 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,139(2-4):237-244

Genotype E of small ruminant lentivirus has been recently described in goats from different breeds in Italy. Genotype E infection may differ from known genotypes since deletions of dUTPase and VPR proteins have been confirmed in different independent areas and goat breed, and play a key role on virus replication and pathogenesis. In particular, genotype E Roccaverano strain has been described as low pathogenic since does not lead to clinical symptoms in goats. In contrast, classical CAEV infected goats of the same area and breed presented arthritis. In this study, we have used intratracheal and intra-bone marrow routes to establish genotype E persistent infections. Humoral and cellular immune responses elicited in the host against genotype E and genotype B derived antigens were evaluated until 200 days post-inoculation. Compared to genotype B antigen, seroconversion against genotype E GAG P16-25 antigen was detected at 2-3 weeks after inoculation, significantly earlier and at higher titres. Interestingly, antibody avidity did not increase in the course of the experiment neither against P16-25 nor against SU5, both derived from genotype E. T cell proliferation against P25-GST fusion protein antigens derived from genotype E was firstly detected at 15 days post-inoculation and was maintained throughout time until week 20 post-infection, while T cell proliferation against the genotype B P25 was not produced by the end of the experiment at 20 weeks post-inoculation. The strength of reaction was also higher when using P25 E as stimulator antigen. In contrast with antibody and T cell proliferation, cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the circulating lymphocytes (effector cells) using blood-derived macrophages (BDM) as target cells, was not strain specific being surprisingly higher against genotype B infected antigen presenting cells (APCs). This is the first study reporting experimentally induced immunological changes in SRLV genotype E infection and indicates that CTL activity may be the adaptive immune response able to induce protection against heterologous infection.  相似文献   

Morphometrical study of the cat cerebellum using unbiased design-based stereology     

Javad Sadeghinezhad  Mahdi Aghabalazadeh Asl  Ava Saeidi  Margherita De Silva 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(6):788-797

The objective of the present study was to investigate the morphometrical features of the cat cerebellum using design-based stereology. Cerebellar hemispheres from four male cats were examined. Isotropic, uniform random sections were obtained and processed for light microscopy. Cerebellar total volume (V), white (WM) and grey matter (GM) volume fractions, and the volumes of the molecular and granular layers were measured using the Cavalieri's estimator and the point counting system. Cerebellar surface area was estimated using test lines, and Purkinje cellular and nuclear volumes were analysed using the nucleator technique. The volume of the cat cerebellar hemispheres was 2.06 ± 0.29 cm³. The relative volume fractions of the GM and WM were 70.6 ± 2.6% and 29.3 ± 2.6%, respectively. The surface area of the cerebellar hemisphere was 68.2 ± 17.8 cm². The volumes of the molecular and granular layers were estimated at 0.89 ± 0.16 cm³ and 0.56 ± 0.1 cm³, respectively. The Purkinje cell volumes were found to be ranging from 1,717 to 28,489 µm³, of which cells with a perikaryon volume of 6,994 µm³ had a higher incidence. The Purkinje nuclear volume was estimated at 440–3,561 µm³, and nuclei with a volume of 1,252 µm³ were the most frequently occurring ones. Our data might contribute to the veterinary comparative neuroanatomy knowledge, help develop experimental studies in this field, and possibly lead to advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of nervous diseases in the cat.  相似文献   

Mineral composition of freshly harvested potatoes     

Ruth H. True  John M. Hogan  Jorg Augustin  S. J. Johnson  C. Teitzel  R. B. Toma  R. L. Shaw 《American Journal of Potato Research》1978,55(9):511-519

Nine Irish potato varieties from five growing locations were assessed for mineral content to determine the contribution of the potato toward meeting the U.S. recommended daily allowances for man. With the exception of calcium, the potato is a significant source of minerals for which U.S. recommended daily allowances have been established (iron, copper, iodine, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc).  相似文献   

Linear arrector pili muscle hamartoma on the tail of a sphynx cat     

Natalia Fanton  Margherita Orlandi  Francesca Abramo 《Veterinary dermatology》2021,32(4):395-397

Arrector pili muscle (APM) hamartoma is reported in humans and dogs. We describe a linear APM hamartoma in a sphynx cat. The lesion was characterized by multiple nodules distributed linearly along the tail, made of randomly arranged hypertrophic smooth muscles, the size of which tended to wax-and-wane during a one year follow-up.  相似文献   

Development of specific diagnostic test for small ruminant lentivirus genotype E     

Ramses Reina  Elena Grego  Margherita Profiti  Idoia Glaria  Patrizia Robino  Antonio Quasso  Beatriz Amorena  Sergio Rosati   《Veterinary microbiology》2009,138(3-4):251-257

Small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) belonging to the highly divergent genotype E has recently been identified in the Italian goat breed Roccaverano. In this report we have developed a specific serological test based on recombinant matrix/capsid antigen fusion protein. Performance has been evaluated and compared with a similar test based on genotype B antigen. Herds under study were selected according to the infectious status characterized by blood PCR and sequencing. Results clearly showed that B and E based recombinant ELISA only detected homologous infection and an apparent cross-reactivity was recorded in a herd in which co-infection was present. Three commercially available ELISAs showed different abilities in detecting genotype E infection, being the whole virus-based immunoassay the best choice. Genotype E-recombinant antigen was not detected in ELISA by three commercially available Mabs known to be cross-reactive among CAEV and MVV capsid antigens, further supporting the high divergence of the E genotype from others. Finally, a SRLV-free herd according to commercial ELISA testing, was analysed in the same area where genotype E was identified and few animals belonging to Roccaverano breed were found slightly reactive with the E antigens. Our results suggest that the prevalence of genotype E in other small ruminant populations may be conveniently estimated using a comparative assay based on a combination of genotype specific recombinant antigens and may highlight a wider space in which SRLVs evolve.  相似文献