Factors contributing to the outcome of stocking programmes in Cuban reserviors     

R. Quiros  A. Mari 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》1999,6(3):241-254

Abstract In less-developed countries, fisheries enhancement using stocking is a common practice to manage reservoirs for biomass production. In many cases, there appears to be little control over whether the stocking activity is appropriate or necessary. Cuban reservoir fisheries have been usually managed to maximize fish biomass. Blue tilapia have been introduced and supplemented in reservoirs, and Chinese carp are introduced and maintained in reservoirs throughout the entire island. Supplemental stocking with introduced fish species is a usual practice to manage large and medium-sized reservoirs. Small and very small reservoirs have been managed as semi-intensively enhanced fisheries with carp and tilapia stocking. The main purposes of the present paper are to study the factors contributing to the outcome of stocking programmes in reservoirs and to test the hypotheses that supplementary stocking for self-sustained fish populations usually cannot contribute to increase fish yield. Yield and stocking data by groups of fish species were available for Cuban reservoirs. Total fish yield was only slightly related to total fish stocking density for the complete set of reservoirs. However, this result was mainly because of the relationship between total yield and cyprinid stocking for semi-intensively-used reservoirs. Tilapia yield was not significantly related to tilapia stocking for both extensively and semi-intensively-used reservoirs. However, yield and stocking for cyprinids were highly related for both reservoir subsets. Therefore, cyprinid stocking was effective in certain reservoirs, but tilapia stocking was not effective in any reservoir. Moreover, tilapia stocking was a superfluous activity for reservoirs where tilapia have an adequate natural reproduction cycle.  相似文献   

The first record of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in the Philippines          下载免费PDF全文

Irma M Dabu  Jalizah Jaira Lim  Pocholo Mari T Arabit  Sharlaine Joi Ann B Orense  Joselito A Tabardillo Jr  Valeriano L Corre Jr  Mary Beth B Maningas 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):792-799

A new and emerging disease is threatening the shrimp industry, a bacterial disease which contains a highly pathogenic plasmid, creating a deadly toxin that causes high mortality in shrimps. The disease has been identified as acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) or commonly known as early mortality syndrome (EMS). To help the efforts of sustaining the shrimp industry, the study focused on detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing AHPND/EMS affecting Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) (Pacific white shrimp) and Penaeus monodon (Fabricius 1798) (Black Tiger shrimp) in different locations in the Philippines. The presence of the disease was determined by microbiological methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and was confirmed by the histopathology of the hepatopancreas of infected shrimp. Results show that the prevalence of the pathogenic strain of V. parahaemolyticus from the shrimps collected were 33% in Luzon, 21% in Visayas and 5% in Mindanao. The study presents the first record of AHPND/EMS in the country. The detection of this newly emerging disease in the shrimp industry is very crucial as it is the first step in identifying affected sites towards strategizing ways to combat the disease.  相似文献   

Mucor Species in Orchard Soil – Population Dynamics and Pathogenicity on Pear Fruit     

Marta Mari  Tiziano Cembali  Lucia Casalini  Gian Carlo Pratella 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(5):449-454

Strains of Mucor piriformis were isolated from orchard soils and from packinghouse dump-tank waters. Pathogen propagules were not found in fruit sample washings. M. piriformis was the most prevalent of the Mucor isolates, only one of 67 isolates was a different Mucor sp., possibly M. racemosus. The population of the pathogen propagules fluctuated in an annual cyclic pattern, declining in warm months and increasing after harvest. The viability of sporangiospores was markedly affected by rain. There was a good correlation (r=0.88) between the number of recovered propagules in the soil and the amount of rainfall. M. piriformis isolates caused decay on pear at 0°C after 14 days.  相似文献   

Protective efficacy of stockpiled vaccine against H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from a chicken in Kumamoto prefecture,Japan, in 2014     

Koichiro GAMOH  Mari NAKAMIZO  Masatoshi OKAMATSU  Yoshihiro SAKODA  Hiroshi KIDA  Shoko SUZUKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):139-142

H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread worldwide, and antigenic variants of different clades have been selected. In this study, the national stockpiled vaccine prepared from A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-1/2004 (H5N1) strain was evaluated for the protective efficacy against H5N8 HPAI virus isolated in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan, in April 2014. In the challenge test, all of the vaccinated chickens survived without showing any clinical signs and reduced virus shedding. It was concluded that the present stockpiled vaccine was effective against the H5N8 HPAI virus.  相似文献   

Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in oral fluid from naturally infected pigs in a breeding herd     

Nguyen Thi Trang  Takuya Hirai  Tsukasa Yamamoto  Mari Matsuda  Naoko Okumura  Nguyen Thi Huong Giang  Nguyen Thi Lan  Ryoji Yamaguchi 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(3):361-367

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The cardiopulmonary effects of a peripheral alpha‐2‐adrenoceptor antagonist,MK‐467, in dogs sedated with a combination of medetomidine and butorphanol     

Kati Salla  Flavia Restitutti  Mari Vainionpää  Jouni Junnila  Juhana Honkavaara  Erja Kuusela  Marja Raekallio  Outi Vainio 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(6):567-574

ObjectiveTo compare the cardiopulmonary effects of intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) medetomidine and butorphanol with or without MK-467.Study designProspective, randomized experimental cross-over.AnimalsEight purpose–bred beagles (two females, six males), 3–4 years old and weighing 14.5 ±1.6 kg (mean ± SD).MethodsAll dogs received four different treatments as follows: medetomidine 20 μg kg^?1 and butorphanol tartrate 0.1 mg kg^?1 IV and IM (MB), and MB combined with MK-467,500 μg kg^?1 (MBMK) IV and IM. Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressures (SAP, MAP, DAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output, respiratory rate (f_R), rectal temperature (RT) were measured and arterial blood samples were obtained for gas analysis at baseline and at 3, 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after drug administration. The cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and oxygen delivery index (DO₂I) were calculated. After the follow-up period atipamezole 50 μg kg^?1 IM was given to reverse sedation.ResultsHR, CI and DO₂I were significantly higher with MBMK after both IV and IM administration. Similarly, SAP, MAP, DAP, CVP, SVRI and RT were significantly lower after MBMK than with MB. There were no differences in f_R between treatments, but arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased transiently after all treatments. Recoveries were uneventful following atipamezole administration after all treatments.Conclusions and clinical relevanceMK-467 attenuated the cardiovascular effects of a medetomidine-butorphanol combination after IV and IM administration.  相似文献   

Dyskeratosis congenita and cancer in mice deficient in ribosomal RNA modification     

Ruggero D  Grisendi S  Piazza F  Rego E  Mari F  Rao PH  Cordon-Cardo C  Pandolfi PP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5604):259-262

Mutations in DKC1 cause dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a disease characterized by premature aging and increased tumor susceptibility. The DKC1 protein binds to the box H + ACA small nucleolar RNAs and the RNA component of telomerase. Here we show that hypomorphic Dkc1 mutant (Dkc1m) mice recapitulate in the first and second generations (G1 and G2) the clinical features of DC. Dkc1m cells from G1 and G2 mice were impaired in ribosomal RNA pseudouridylation before the onset of disease. Reductions of telomere length in Dkc1m mice became evident only in later generations. These results suggest that deregulated ribosome function is important in the initiation of DC, whereas telomere shortening may modify and/or exacerbate DC.  相似文献   

Suppression of microRNA-silencing pathway by HIV-1 during virus replication   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Triboulet R  Mari B  Lin YL  Chable-Bessia C  Bennasser Y  Lebrigand K  Cardinaud B  Maurin T  Barbry P  Baillat V  Reynes J  Corbeau P  Jeang KT  Benkirane M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5818):1579-1582

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNAs of 19 to 25 nucleotides that function as gene regulators and as a host cell defense against both RNA and DNA viruses. We provide evidence for a physiological role of the miRNA-silencing machinery in controlling HIV-1 replication. Type III RNAses Dicer and Drosha, responsible for miRNA processing, inhibited virus replication both in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-1-infected donors and in latently infected cells. In turn, HIV-1 actively suppressed the expression of the polycistronic miRNA cluster miR-17/92. This suppression was found to be required for efficient viral replication and was dependent on the histone acetyltransferase Tat cofactor PCAF. Our results highlight the involvement of the miRNA-silencing pathway in HIV-1 replication and latency.  相似文献   

An LRR receptor kinase involved in perception of a peptide plant hormone,phytosulfokine     

Matsubayashi Y  Ogawa M  Morita A  Sakagami Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5572):1470-1472

The sulfated peptide phytosulfokine (PSK) is an intercellular signal that plays a key role in cellular dedifferentiation and proliferation in plants. Using ligand-based affinity chromatography, we purified a 120-kilodalton membrane protein, specifically interacting with PSK, from carrot microsomal fractions. The corresponding complementary DNA encodes a 1021-amino acid receptor kinase that contains extracellular leucine-rich repeats, a single transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Overexpression of this receptor kinase in carrot cells caused enhanced callus growth in response to PSK and a substantial increase in the number of tritium-labeled PSK binding sites, suggesting that PSK and this receptor kinase act as a ligand-receptor pair.  相似文献   

High-speed centrifugation of extender of freeze-thaw boar semen     

Camila R. C. de Brito  Antonio Sergio Varela Junior  Stela Mari M. Gheller  Izani B. Acosta  Andreia N. Anciuti  Norton Luiz S. Gatti  Edenara A. Silva  Nathalia W. Knabah  Carine D. Corcini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(5):821-825

In semen cryopreservation, egg yolk is still widely used as a non-penetrating cryoprotectant. Much has been developed in the search for alternatives for this biological product. This work aimed to evaluate the processed egg yolk through ultracentrifugation and/or sonication in the cryopreservation of swine semen. Twenty-seven semen doses were purchased from a commercial boar stud and processed for cryopreservation using egg yolk lactose 11% (control) extender, processed using two different methods: high-speed centrifugation and sonication. Then, they were submitted to freeze-thawing protocol and were assessed for kinematic and cell structural parameters. Samples in which extenders underwent centrifugation had better results in velocity parameters, meanwhile those that only sonication was performed had poorest results in this parameter. The preservation of the membrane and mitochondria structure had better results when the diluent was only centrifuged in comparison with the other treatments. Therefore, centrifugation of extender containing egg yolk is important for better cryopreservation of swine semen.  相似文献