Reliable ELISAs showing differences between resistant and susceptible lines in hens orally inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis     

Proux K  Jouy E  Houdayer C  Protais J  Dibb-Füller M  Boscher E  Gillard A  Gracieux P  Gilbert F  Beaumont C  Duchet-Suchaux M 《Veterinary research》2002,33(1):23-33

Reliable ELISAs were investigated with the aim to select hen lines resistant to Salmonella Enteritidis and producing high levels of antibodies. In the first experiment, the relation between the humoral response and the bacteriological results was assessed on hens from the Y11 resistant line and the L2 susceptible line, orally inoculated with 10(8) CFU S. Enteritidis per animal. Anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IgG titres were higher but the liver and spleen were less contaminated in hens from the Y11 line than in hens from the L2 line (p = 0.013, 0.031 and 0.026 respectively). In the second experiment, the hens were inoculated orally with 1.7 x 10(8) CFU S. Enteritidis per animal in order to select the ELISA methods showing the more significant differences. ELISAs were based on LPS, flagella, LPS from rough (LPS-R) and smooth strains (LPS-S) and detected IgG and IgM antibodies from sera and yolks. No between-line host response variation was observed in the yolk, with LPS-S and R antigens nor with anti-LPS IgM in the sera. Otherwise, significant differences were encountered between hen lines with the ELISAs performed on the sera detecting anti-LPS IgG, anti-flagella IgG or IgM (p = 0.017, 0.017 and p < 0.001 respectively). When comparing the kinetics of the selected ELISAs, the IgG antibodies against LPS detected between-line variations as early as 1 to 4 weeks pi, whereas with IgG against flagella, the differences were only detected at 1 and 2 weeks pi and with IgM against flagella, the differences were significant at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks pi. In conclusion, resistant hen lines producing higher levels of antibodies than the susceptible hen lines may be selected with these ELISAs.  相似文献   

Normal structure and age-related changes of the equine retina   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Ehrenhofer MC  Deeg CA  Reese S  Liebich HG  Stangassinger M  Kaspers B 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2002,5(1):39-47

Investigations of the pathophysiology of ocular diseases require a detailed knowledge of the microanatomy of the eye. The available information is still inadequate for the equine retina despite the importance of eye diseases in equine medicine. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the histologic features of the horse eye as a reference for future studies. Thirty normal eyes of 15 healthy horses were examined immediately after slaughter. The retina of the horse differs considerably in the degree and quantity of neurons and glial elements as well as in vascular patterns compared to the retina of other domestic animals. Morphometric analysis revealed that the thickness of the retina varies between 80 microm at the ora serrata and 250 microm medial to the optic disc. Approximately 90% of the equine retina is comparatively thin (< 130 microm). This is a physiologic response to the distance that oxygen can diffuse in avascular retina. Ganglion cells form a single layer in all parts of the retina. The majority of ganglion cells are very large Nissl-positive cells. Small Nissl-negative ganglion cells are less abundant. A high ganglion cell density is found only in the central area. Vascularization is virtually absent from the retina with the exception of a narrow strip around the disc of the optic nerve, as revealed by lectin histochemistry. Light microscopy of the eyes of older horses repeatedly revealed cystoid degenerations in the retina adjacent to the pars plana of the ciliary body, as well as a destruction of the regular layering of the peripheral region of the retina.  相似文献   

Rundschau     

Barbel Brettschneider  Marion Morgner und Friederike Eversheim 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》1998,71(7):142-144

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Rundschau     

Marion Morgner und B?rbel Brettschneider 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》1998,71(2):39-40

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Use of CO2-anesthesia in practice     

Kluivers-Poodt M 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2008,133(19):811-812

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Growth hormone increases Stat5 and Stat1 expression in lactating goat mammary gland: a specific effect compared to milking frequency     

Boutinaud M  Jammes H 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2004,27(4):363-378

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Influence of dietary lipid source and strain on fatty acid composition of Muscovy duck meat     

Schiavone A  Romboli I  Chiarini R  Marzoni M 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2004,88(3-4):88-93

A trial was conducted to study the effect of dietary 2% soya bean oil and dietary 2% fish oil (FO) on fatty acid composition of breast meat of two different Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica L.) strains. The two strains were a broiler strain selected for meat production and an unselected rural strain. Fatty acid composition of breast muscle was deeply influenced by lipid source. Dietary FO improved the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) of omega 3 series content, while the content of LC-PUFAs of omega 6 series was reduced. Differences in susceptibility in lipid manipulation were found between the two groups of animals suggesting the highest capability of animals belonging to the rural strain in stocking arachidonic acid in breast muscle. As the fatty acid profile of Muscovy duck meat can be considerably modified by changing the fatty acid composition of the diet, and dietary FO represents an easy way to reach this goal, human intake of healthy n-3 LC-PUFAs could be enhanced using this enriched poultry meat, even if the influence of FO on organoleptic characteristics (i.e. off-flavours) must be evaluated.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary clenbuterol and cimaterol on muscle composition, beta-adrenergic and androgen receptor concentrations in broiler chickens     

Schiavone A  Tarantola M  Perona G  Pagliasso S  Badino P  Odore R  Cuniberti B  Lussiana C 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2004,88(3-4):94-100

Illegal dietary supplementation with beta(2)-agonists has been shown to increase protein deposition and decrease fat accretion in domestic animals. In poultry the metabolic and endocrine responses to beta(2)-agonists are not fully elucidated. In this trial the effects of dietary clenbuterol (1 p.p.m.) and cimaterol (1 p.p.m.) on muscle composition and endocrine response of male broiler chickens were studied. Dietary clenbuterol induced a slight, but in general not significant, improvement of zootechnical performances and carcass yields. Chemical composition of muscle was not influenced by dietary treatments, even if a slight improvement of protein content was observed in treated groups. No effects on fatty acid composition of meat were detected. Both clenbuterol and cimaterol treatments caused a downregulation in testicular androgen receptors and in pulmonary, cardiac and central nervous system beta-adrenergic receptors.  相似文献   

Purification and structural characterization of LTP1 polypeptides from beer   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jégou S  Douliez JP  Mollé D  Boivin P  Marion D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(10):5023-5029

We report on the purification of lipid transfer proteins (LTP) from barley seeds and beer with the aim of investigating the chemical modifications that occur during the brewing process. In seeds, the well-known LTP of 9 kDa (LTP1) has been found together with a second form named LTPb that displays comparable amino acid composition but was not fully sequenced. These two forms have been recovered in beer with marked chemical modifications including disulfide bond reduction and rearrangement and especially glycation by Maillard reaction. The glycation is heterogeneous with variable amounts of hexose units bound to LTPs. Circular dichroism shows that glycated LTP1 having all their disulfide bridges reduced are totally unfolded. These results provide a first basis for understanding how barley LTPs become foam-promoting agents during the malting and brewing process.  相似文献   

Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulin G in neonatal llamas and alpacas     

Weaver DM  Tyler JW  Scott MA  Wallace LM  Marion RS  Holle JM 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(7):738-741

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate precolostral hypogammaglobulinemia in neonatal llamas and alpacas, to determine when postcolostral peak serum IgG concentrations develop, to determine whether differences in postcolostral serum IgG concentrations between llamas and alpacas exist, and to determine postcolostral half-life of serum IgG in llamas and alpacas. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. ANIMALS: 29 llama and 10 alpaca crias. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected prior to suckling and on days 1, 2, and 3 after parturition and analyzed for serum IgG concentration by use of a commercial radial immunodiffusion assay. Additional samples were collected on days 8, 13, and 18 from 8 crias to determine mean half-life of IgG. RESULTS: Llamas and alpacas are born severely hypogammaglobulinemic. Mean serum IgG concentrations for day-1, -2, and -3 samples for llamas were 1,578 mg/dl, 1,579 mg/dl, and 1,401 mg/dl, respectively, and for alpacas were 2,024 mg/dl, 1,806 mg/dl, and 1,669 mg/dl, respectively. Peak serum immunoglobulin concentration developed between days 1 and 2. Mean half-life of IgG for all crias was 15.7 days. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although increased mortality has been linked to failure of passive transfer, it is clearly possible to raise crias that have low serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Llamas and alpacas do not differ significantly with respect to immunoglobulin absorption or IgG concentration in neonates. The optimal sampling time for passive transfer status is between 1 and 2 days.  相似文献