Toxicity of wild juvenile “komonfugu” Takifugu flavipterus in the Bay of Sanriku Coast,Tohoku Area,Northern Japan     

Amano  Masafumi  Kubota  Hisanori  Kaneda  Hideko  Aoki  Daisuke  Yamamori  Kunio 《Fisheries Science》2022,88(1):75-81

To clarify the mechanism of tetrodotoxin (TTX) accumulation in pufferfish, we compared the toxicity of two sets of wild juvenile “komonfugu” Takifugu flavipterus. The first set was sampled from Onisawa Fishing Port (FP) located in Okirai Bay, the Pacific Coast of Sanriku, Tohoku Area, Northern Japan. The second set was collected from the Onisawa FP and reared in an outdoor laboratory tank supplied with different seawater (Yoshihama Bay). The fish were sampled regularly and on the same days. The amount of TTX (mouse unit (MU)/fish) in the fish at Onisawa FP increased until 20 days and thereafter it did not change, while the amount of TTX in the fish in the laboratory tank remained low, and the TTX concentration (MU/g fish) decreased. Next, we compared the toxicity of wild juvenile T. flavipterus collected from Okirai Bay (Onisawa FP and Okirai FP) and Yoshihama Bay (Yoshihama FP). Large differences in TTX levels were observed among the fish from the three FPs. The amounts and concentrations of TTX in the fish at Onisawa FP were higher than those in the fish from the other two FPs. These results indicate that a large variation in toxic activity exists in the juvenile T. flavipterus in the bay of the Sanriku Coast.

  相似文献   

Comparison of Ammonium Deposition Flux at Roadside and at an Agricultural Area for Long-Term Monitoring: Emission of Ammonia from Vehicles     

Rie Matsumoto  Natsumi Umezawa  Masafumi Karaushi  Shin-Ichi Yonemochi  Kazuhiko Sakamoto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,173(1-4):355-371

To understand the effect of the NH₃ emissions from vehicles, the NH₄ ⁺ bulk deposition and concentrations of gaseous NH₃ and particulate NH₄ ⁺ were measured at two sites in Saitama prefecture, Japan, one at the roadside of an arterial road (Kounosu), and the other in an agricultural area (Kisai). We observed that the NH₄ ⁺ bulk deposition and NH₃ concentration were significantly increased in Kounosu; the effect of NH₃ emissions from vehicles was confirmed. NOx was a primary pollutant mainly emitted by vehicle exhaust in the vicinity of arterial roads, and the relationship between NO _x and sum of gaseous NH₃ and particulate NH₄ ⁺ (T-NH₄ ⁺) was examined. The [T-NH₄ ⁺/NO _x ] ratios in Kounosu ranged from 0.08 to 0.23 (average 0.15), and in Kisai they ranged from 0.16 to 0.67 (average 0.39). In Kounosu, the effect of vehicle exhaust was great, but seasonal variation was small. The contribution ratio of NH₃ from vehicle emissions increased at low temperatures, while that from the non-vehicle emissions increased at high temperatures.  相似文献   

Suppression of rice blast,cabbage black leaf spot,and tomato bacterial wilt diseases by Meyerozyma guilliermondii TA-2 and the nature of protection     

Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy  Mai Nakatani  Mitsuyoshi Nishimura  Tatsuyuki Arakawa  Masafumi Shimizu 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):629-636

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of yeast strain TA-2 for controlling rice blast, cabbage black leaf spot, and tomato bacterial wilt diseases. Microscopic and phylogenetic analyses based on rDNA-internal transcribed region (ITS) and rDNA-D1/D2 sequences indicated that yeast strain TA-2 is Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Pretreatment with TA-2 by soil drenching significantly reduced the severity of black leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria brassicicola and leaf blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. Symptom development of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in both soil drench and needle inoculation tests was significantly reduced in TA-2-pretreated plants under soil drenching. Disease severity and R. solanacearum growth were significantly reduced in tomato plants pretreated with yeast culture, cell suspension, or culture filtrate of TA-2 under soil drenching. TA-2 does not produce antibiotics. The present study indicates that disease suppression is systemic, as the roots were treated with TA-2 and the pathogens were inoculated onto leaves or stems, thereby separating the two spatially. M. guilliermondii TA-2 could become a promising natural antimicrobial agent against rice blast, cabbage black leaf spot, and tomato bacterial wilt diseases and might be useful as an eco-friendly control measure, contributing to sustainable agriculture.  相似文献   

Enzymatic saccharification and ethanol production of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia mangium</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paraserianthes falcataria</Emphasis> wood,and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Elaeis guineensis</Emphasis> trunk     

Rumi Kaida  Tomomi Kaku  Kei’ichi Baba  Masafumi Oyadomari  Takashi Watanabe  Sri Hartati  Enny Sudarmonowati  Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(5):381-386

We examined the saccharification and fermentation of meals from Acacia mangium wood, Paraserianthes falcataria wood, and Elaeis guineensis trunk. The levels of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and ethanol production were highest for P. falcataria wood and lowest for A. mangium wood. Ultrasonication pretreatment of meal further increased the rates of hydrolysis and ethanol production in meal from P. falcataria wood. Through this pretreatment, hemicelluloses (xylan and xyloglucan) and cellulose were released in the meal from P. falcataria wood. Loosening of hemicellulose associations can be expected to make P. falcataria wood more useful for bioethanol production.  相似文献   

Study of mechanical properties of wooden bolt-nut connector I: effect of size and shape of thread on withdrawal strength     

Koji Adachi  Katsuhiro Takehira  Tomoaki Soma  Masafumi Inoue 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(6):502-506

The withdrawal strength of a bolt-nut connector made from wood-based material was evaluated. The thread strength of the wooden bolt-nut connector was tested to select various parameters of the connector and the type of wood material; the wood materials tested were hard maple, white oak, ebony, glue-laminated bamboo, and densified Japanese cedar. A plane model of wooden threads with various thread angles was also evaluated. The results showed that the maximum failure load of the thread increased with increasing bolt density and connection area, which was calculated from the diameter of the bolt and the thickness of the nut. The withdrawal resistance after reaching the maximum load underwent a graded decrease because the bolt threads were broken one by one. In addition, the thread strength depended on the thread angle. In the model with a thread angle of 90°, compressive deformation in the transverse direction occurred prior to shear deformation along the root of the threads; the model with this thread angle thus had higher strength than those with other angles.  相似文献   

White background stimulates the food intake of a pleuronectiform fish the barfin flounder, Verasper moseri (Jordan and Gilbert)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Toshikazu Sunuma  Takeshi Yamanome  Masafumi Amano  Akiyoshi Takahashi  & Kunio Yamamori 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(6):748-751

  相似文献   

Steroidal but not embryonic regulation of mucin 1 expression in bovine endometrium     

Kaiyu KUBOTA  Masafumi MIWA  Ken-Go HAYASHI  Misa HOSOE  Miki SAKATANI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(6):386

  相似文献   

KAv-1 is Better Suited to Chick Fibroblast Culture than DMEM or 199 Media     

Masafumi Katayama  Manabu Onuma  Tomokazu Fukuda 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2021,58(4):270

Cultured cells are a useful resource for poultry scientists, since these cells allow scientists to evaluate biological responses to conditions such as infectious diseases in vitro while mimicking the whole-body response in birds. However avian cell culture requires an optimized basal medium, and there are currently relatively few options for this basal medium (medium 199 and KAv-1). This means that there is still room for the development of an optimal basal medium for avian cell culture. Here we compare KAv-1 medium, Dulbecco''s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) and medium 199 during the culture of chick fibroblasts and determine that KAv-1 remains the optimal medium for these assays. Our results show that DNA damage is reduced in fibroblasts cultured in the KAv-1 medium, when compared to both DMEM and Medium 199 and that these cells also display improved growth dynamics in KAv-1 medium when compared to both DMEM and medium 199. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe a comparative analysis of culture media for avian cells, which would provide useful information for poultry scientists.  相似文献   

Purification and sensitivity of Clostridium chauvoei hemolysin to various erythrocytes     

Mudenda Hang'ombe B  Kohda T  Mukamoto M  Kozaki S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2006,29(4):263-268

Using ammonium sulphate fractionation, the Clostridium chauvoei hemolysin was purified by cation exchange chromatography and sephacryl S-100 gel filtration. The molecular mass of the hemolysin, determined by SDS-PAGE was found to be approximately 27kDa. The activity of the hemolysin was determined in erythrocytes of various animals, with sensitivities observed in the order of cow, sheep, chicken, rabbit, rat, mouse, dog and horse. Temperature affected the sensitivity of erythrocytes to C. chauvoei hemolysin. These results may reflect distinct characteristics of the hemolytic activity of C. chauvoei hemolysin and that the hemolysin may be pore-forming.  相似文献   

DNA marker for resistance to Puccinia horiana in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) “Southern Pegasus”     

Katsuhiko Sumitomo  Kenta Shirasawa  Sachiko N. Isobe  Hideki Hirakawa  Akiho Harata  Masato Kawabe  Masafumi Yagi  Masaaki Osaka  Miyuki Kunihisa  Fumiya Taniguchi 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):261

White rust caused by Puccinia horiana Henn. adversely affects chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) production. The breeding of resistant varieties is effective in controlling the disease. Here we aimed to develop DNA markers for the strong resistance to P. horiana. We conducted a linkage analysis based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) method. We employed a biparental population for the GWAS, wherein the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequency could be predicted. The population was derived from crosses between a strong resistant “Southern Pegasus” and a susceptible line. The GWAS used simplex and double-simplex SNP markers selected out of SNP candidates mined from ddRAD-Seq data of an F₁ biparental population. These F₁ individuals segregated in a 1:1 ratio of resistant to susceptible. Twenty-one simplex SNPs were significantly associated with P. horiana resistance in “Southern Pegasus” and generated one linkage group. These results show the presence of a single resistance gene in “Southern Pegasus”. We identified the nearest SNP marker located 2.2 cM from P. horiana resistance locus and demonstrated this SNP marker-resistance link using an independent population. This is the first report of an effective DNA marker linked to a gene for P. horiana resistance in chrysanthemum.  相似文献