A New Approach to Predict Daily pH in Rivers Based on the “à trous” Redundant Wavelet Transform Algorithm     

Taher Rajaee  Masoud Ravansalar  Jan F. Adamowski  Ravinesh C. Deo 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(3):85

Prediction of pH is an important issue in managing water quality in surface waters (e.g., rivers, lakes) as well as drinking water. The capacity of artificial neural network (ANN), wavelet-artificial neural network (WANN), traditional multiple linear regression (MLR), and wavelet-multiple linear regression (WMLR) models to predict daily pH levels (1, 2, and 3 days ahead) at the Chattahoochee River gauging station (near Atlanta, GA, USA) was assessed. In the proposed WANN model, the original time series of pH and discharge (Q) were decomposed (after being split into training and testing series) into several sub-series by the the à trous (AT) wavelet transform algorithm. The wavelet coefficients were summed to obtain useful input time series for the ANN model to then develop the WANN model for pH prediction. The redundant à trous algorithm was used for data decomposition. Model implementation indicated the values of 1-day-ahead pH predicted by the WANN model closely matched the observed values (with a coefficient of determination, R²?=?0.956; Root Mean Square Error, RMSE?=?0.019; and Mean Absolute Error, MAE?=?0.015). It is therefore possible that the WANN model’s accuracy can be attributed to its better predictive ability (due to the use of the AT) to remove the noise caused by pH shifts (e.g., acid precipitation). Peak pH values predicted by the WANN model were also closer to observed values compared to the other machine learning models.  相似文献   

Microsatellite diversity of the Nordic type of goats in relation to breed conservation: how relevant is pure ancestry?          下载免费PDF全文

J.A. Lenstra  J. Tigchelaar  I. Biebach  J.H. Hallsson  J. Kantanen  V.H. Nielsen  F. Pompanon  S. Naderi  H.‐R. Rezaei  N. Sæther  O. Ertugrul  C. Grossen  G. Camenisch  M. Vos‐Loohuis  M. van Straten  E.A. de Poel  J. Windig  K. Oldenbroek 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2017,134(1):78-84

In the last decades, several endangered breeds of livestock species have been re‐established effectively. However, the successful revival of the Dutch and Danish Landrace goats involved crossing with exotic breeds and the ancestry of the current populations is therefore not clear. We have generated genotypes for 27 FAO‐recommended microsatellites of these landraces and three phenotypically similar Nordic‐type landraces and compared these breeds with central European, Mediterranean and south‐west Asian goats. We found decreasing levels of genetic diversity with increasing distance from the south‐west Asian domestication site with a south‐east‐to‐north‐west cline that is clearly steeper than the Mediterranean east‐to‐west cline. In terms of genetic diversity, the Dutch Landrace comes next to the isolated Icelandic breed, which has an extremely low diversity. The Norwegian coastal goat and the Finnish and Icelandic landraces are clearly related. It appears that by a combination of mixed origin and a population bottleneck, the Dutch and Danish Land‐races are separated from the other breeds. However, the current Dutch and Danish populations with the multicoloured and long‐horned appearance effectively substitute for the original breed, illustrating that for conservation of cultural heritage, the phenotype of a breed is more relevant than pure ancestry and the genetic diversity of the original breed. More in general, we propose that for conservation, the retention of genetic diversity of an original breed and of the visual phenotype by which the breed is recognized and defined needs to be considered separately.  相似文献   

Comparisons of commercial organic and chemical fertilizer solutions on growth and composition of lettuce     

Omid R. Zandvakili  Masoud Hashemi  Fatemeh Etemadi  Wesley R. Autio 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(9):990-1000

The objective of this experiment was to assess the effects of organic or chemical nutrient solutions on the growth and composition of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in greenhouse production. Hoagland and Arnon nutrient solution, an organic hydroponics solution, and no fertilization were factored with lettuce cultivars of different phenotypes, iceberg, romaine, loose head, and loose leaf. Lettuce growth was higher with Hoagland and Arnon solution than with the organic fertilizer or with no fertilization. The organic fertilizer increased growth above no fertilizer applied. Hoagland and Arnon solution gave the highest concentration of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and iron in the lettuce whereas lettuce grown with the organic fertilizer had the highest phosphorus. Plant nutrient accumulation differed slightly among the cultivars. Hoagland and Arnon solution produced high nitrate in leaves. Nitrate concentrations with organic or no fertilization were low. Loose head or loose leaf cultivars had higher nitrate than romaine or iceberg.  相似文献   

Biomass and nutrient concentration of lettuce grown with organic fertilizers     

Omid Reza Zandvakili  Masoud Hashemi  Fatemeh Etemadi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(5):444-457

The responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Arroyo’) to organic nitrogen (N) fertilizers were investigated in a greenhouse. Fertilizers were blood meal (BLO), feather meal (FM), cottonseed meal, alfalfa meal, sewage sludge, compost, cow manure, a chemical fertilizer, and a treatment without fertilizer. Amounts of N from fertilizers were 100, 200, 400, or 800?mg per pot. Lettuce yield was higher for plants receiving fertilizers than with no fertilizer and increased with increased N applications, but high applications of BLO or FM suppressed yields. Nitrogen and nitrate increased in leaves as N supply increased with all fertilizers. Small changes in leaf nutrient contents other than N occurred among or with increased application of the various fertilizers. The soil carbon dioxide release and ammonia volatilization were high from fertilizers with high N concentrations. Organic fertilizers with high N increased lettuce growth at lower applications than those with low N content.  相似文献   

Study of the elastic behaviour of wood–plastic composites at cold temperatures using artificial neural networks     

Soroush H. A. Fini  Masoud Farzaneh  Fouad Erchiqui 《Wood Science and Technology》2015,49(4):695-705

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Effects of pectinase,BAP and dry storage on dormancy breaking and emergence rate of Crataegus pseudoheterophylla Pojark.     

Fatemeh Ahmadloo  Masoud Tabari Kochaksaraei  Pejman Azadi  Aidin Hamidi  Ebrahim Beiramizadeh 《New Forests》2015,46(3):373-386

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Improvement of reproductive indices,lysozyme activity,and disease resistance in live‐bearing ornamental fish,Poecilia latipinna using Artemia supplementation with treated yeast cell,Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Vahid Rezaei Aminlooi  Nasrollah Ahmadifard  Amir Tukmechi  Naser Agh 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(1):72-79

In the present study, the effects of Artemia supplemented with 2‐β‐mercapto‐ethanol (β‐ME) treated yeast cell, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on growth and reproductive performance, lysozyme activity, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of freshwater ornamental species, Poecilia latipinna, were investigated. Within 60 days, molly fish were fed with three treatments including commercial food (T1), un‐supplemented Artemia (T2), and Artemia supplemented with β‐ME‐treated yeast cell (at concentration of 4 × 10⁷ CFU/L of water) (T3). After the feeding period, the fish were exposed to 100 μl of a suspension (1.1 × 10⁷ cells/ml) of A. hydrophila (BCCM5/LMG3279) and the cumulative mortality rates were recorded for 12 days. No significant difference was found between survival rate and growth performance of P. latipinna except for weight gain that was higher in fish fed through Artemia supplemented with β‐ME‐treated yeast cell compared to control group. Fecundity rate was significantly improved in fish fed using T3 with the maximum amount of 49.5 ± 2.29 per female (p < 0.05). Besides, lysozyme activity was significantly increased in group 3 (p < 0.05). Moreover, lowest fish mortality was significantly observed in this treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the number of colonies formed by yeast cell in T3 (634 × 10³ CFU/g intestine) showed significant difference with other treatments (p < 0.05). In sum, Artemia enriched with β‐ME‐treated yeast improved reproductive indices, immune responses, and resistance against A. hydrophila of P. latipinna.  相似文献   

Functional analysis of walnut polyphenol oxidase gene (JrPPO1) in transgenic tobacco plants and PPO induction in response to walnut bacterial blight     

Fatemeh Khodadadi  Masoud Tohidfar  Kourosh Vahdati  Abhaya M. Dandekar  Charles A. Leslie 《Plant pathology》2020,69(4):756-764

Walnut (Juglans regia) is economically important for both its wood and nut nutritional value, but it is susceptible to diseases such as walnut bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj). Walnuts contain many phenolic compounds, providing a good model on which to study polyphenol oxidase (PPO). We inoculated the detached walnut fruits of cultivars Ford, Chandler, Franquette, Robert Livermore, and Payne with Xaj and measured the induction of PPO activity in infected sites and adjacent to infected sites. Compared to infected and uninfected sites, PPO activity was induced significantly in areas adjacent to infected sites in all cultivars except Ford. Ford and Franquette, presenting the lowest and highest PPO activity, showed the largest and smallest mean diameter spots in response to Xaj, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed monophenol oxidase activity of walnut PPO in the assessed tissues. Then, we revealed the antipathogenic potential of walnut PPO through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated walnut JrPPO1 gene transfer into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Two transformed tobacco lines overexpressing the JrPPO1 gene were regenerated successfully and challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Transgenic lines showed significantly higher PPO activity and lower disease severity to the pathogen compared to the control. However, a significant difference in disease severity and PPO activity level was observed between the two transgenic lines. Our results demonstrate a potential defence-related role of PPO in transgenic tobacco and its induction in areas adjacent to infection sites in walnut cultivars treated with Xaj.  相似文献   

Virus‐specific and common transcriptomic responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum) against PVY,PVA and PLRV using microarray meta‐analysis     

Zhila Osmani  Mohammad Sadegh Sabet  Masoud Shams‐Bakhsh  Ahmad Moieni  Khabat Vahabi 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(2):216-228

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Biofumigation: An alternative strategy for the control of plant parasitic nematodes          下载免费PDF全文

Rebecca Jean Barnes BRENNAM  Samantha GLAZE-CORCORAN  Robert WICK  Masoud HASHEMI 《农业科学学报》2020,19(7):1680-1690

Plant-parasitic nematodes wreak havoc on the yield and quality of crops worldwide. Damage from these pests is estimated to exceed US$100 billion annually but is likely higher due to misdiagnosis. Nematode damage may be catastrophic, but historically the solution has been damaging as well. Use of the synthetic nematicide methyl bromide(MBr) poses risks to the environment and to human health. Biofumigation, the use of plant material and naturally produced compounds to control pests, is an increasingly feasible method of pest management. The process acts through the growth or incorporation of plant material into the soil, that, over the course of its degradation, releases glucosinolates that break down into nematotoxic isothiocyanates. These secondary plant metabolites exist naturally in commonly grown plants, most of which belong to the Brassicaceae family. Research endeavors have increasingly explored the potential of biofumigation. The reaction of target pests, the selection of biofumigant, and ideal environments for efficacy continue to be evaluated. This review seeks to provide a cost and benefit assessment of the status of biofumigation for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes as an alternative to conventional methyl bromide usage.  相似文献