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11.
Maurício Emerenciano Eduardo L. C. Ballester Ronaldo O. Cavalli Wilson Wasielesky 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(5):891-901
Biofloc rearing media provides a potential food source for shrimp reared in limited or zero water exchange systems. This culture
system is environmentally friendly as it is based on limited water use and minimal effluent is released into the surrounding
environment. In this study, we evaluated the survival, growth performance and salinity stress tolerance of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis postlarvae reared from PL10 to PL25 in a biofloc technology limited water exchange system. PL (mean ± SD weight and length of 14 ± 10 mg and 8.10 ± 0.7 mm, respectively)
were reared in nine 40-L plastic tanks with a stocking density of 10PL/L. Three culture treatments were applied (1) culture
in the presence of bioflocs and commercial feed supply (FLOC + CF); (2) culture in the presence of biofloc without feed supply
(FLOC) and (3) culture in clear water with feed supply (control). Final biomass and survival were significantly higher in
FLOC + CF treatment than the control (P < 0.05), but did not differ from FLOC. PL reared in the FLOC + CF treatment achieved a significantly higher final weight,
weight gain and length in comparison with the other two treatments (P < 0.05). No significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments was found for salinity tolerance over 24 and 48 h durations. The proximate analysis of floc shown
high levels of crude protein (30.4%), but low levels of crude lipids (0.5%). The continuous availability of bioflocs had a
significant effect on growth and survival of F. paulensis postlarvae cultured in BFT nursery systems. 相似文献
12.
Martins ML Vieira FN Jerônimo GT Mouriño JL Dotta G Speck GM Bezerra AJ Pedrotti FS Buglione-Neto CC Pereira G 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(1):219-222
This study evaluated the total and differential leukocyte counting and the phagocytic activity in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus experimentally injected with Enterococcus sp. in the swim bladder. Fish were distributed in four treatments in triplicates of non-injected fish, fish injected with
1 ml of sterile saline solution 0.65%, and fish injected with 1 × 103 and 1 × 106 colony-forming units (CFU) of Enterococcus diluted in 1 ml sterile saline. Twenty-four hours after injection, the fish were anesthetized and the blood collected for
white blood cell (WBC) counts, differential counting of WBC, and phagocytic activity of blood leukocytes. The increased numbers
of WBC and lymphocytes were followed by decreased number of monocyte after infection. The percentages of phagocytic activities
in the blood were 55.3 and 55.9%, respectively, in tilapia injected with 1 × 103 and 1 × 106 CFU/ml. 相似文献
13.
Sara Mello Pinho Giovanni Lemos de Mello Kevin M. Fitzsimmons Maurício Gustavo Coelho Emerenciano 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(1):99-112
Aquaponics is emerging as an alternative for high-health food production. Being able to identify the technical viability of non-conventional plants and fish species would help to increase the interest and possibilities in aquaponic systems. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the aquaponics production of two garnish species: scallion (S) and parsley (P), using effluents of pacu and red tilapia culture. Two aquaponics devices were used, differing according to the fish species, generating two different effluents. Thus, for plant performance, four treatments were evaluated in a factorial design (plant species and fish effluent as main factors), as followed: Pacu-S, Tilapia-S, Pacu-P, and Tilapia-P, with three replicates each, for 35 days. Fish performance was evaluated using Student’s t test. Each experimental device included a fish tank, filters, and six experimental units for the plants (floating rafts). Results indicated that feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in tilapia as compared to pacu (p < 0.05); however, fish productivity and survival were similar between species. Plant performance parameters were similar with no significant differences regardless of the fish effluent (p > 0.05), except for higher number of leaves per plant in scallion cultured using pacu effluent. Plant performance comparing both plant species indicated that scallion performed better as compared to parsley in all parameters. In addition, scallion also performed better related to the plant quality index. The results indicate that pacu presented a viable alternative for the aquaponics production, and regarding to the garnish, scallion performed better results as compared to parsley. 相似文献
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16.
Rodrigo S. Martins Michael J. Roberts Christophe Lett Nicolette Chang Coleen L. Moloney Maurício G. Camargo Erica A. G. Vidal 《Fisheries Oceanography》2014,23(2):116-131
Annual landings of chokka squid (Loligo reynaudii), an important fishing resource for South Africa, fluctuate greatly, and are believed to be related to recruitment success. The ‘Westward Transport Hypothesis’ (WTH) attributes recruitment strength to variability in transport of newly hatched paralarvae from spawning grounds to the ‘cold ridge’ nursery region some 100–200 km to the west, where oceanographic conditions sustain high productivity. We used an individual‐based model (IBM) coupled with a 3‐D hydrodynamic model (ROMS) to test the WTH and assessed four factors that might influence successful transport – Release Area, Month, Specific Gravity (body density) and Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) – in numerical experiments that estimated successful transport of squid paralarvae to the cold ridge. A multifactor ANOVA was used to identify the primary determinants of transport success in the various experimental simulations. Among these, release area was found to be the most important, implying that adult spawning behaviour (i.e., birth site fidelity) may be more important than paralarval behaviour in determining paralarval transport variability. However, specific gravity and DVM were found to play a role by retaining paralarvae on the shelf and optimizing early transport, respectively. Upwelling events seem to facilitate transport by moving paralarvae higher in the water column and thus exposing them to faster surface currents. 相似文献
17.
Marcelo A. Araújo Maurício Deschk Juliana T. Wagatsuma Beatriz P. Floriano Carlos E. Siqueira Valéria NLS. Oliva Paulo SP. Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):854-864
Objective
To assess the cardiopulmonary effects caused by reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) at 5° and 10° in sevoflurane-anesthetized yearling steers.Study design
Prospective, experimental study.Animals
Eight Holstein steers aged (mean ± standard deviation) 12 ± 2 months and weighing 145 ± 26 kg.Methods
In the first phase of the study, the individual minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was determined using electrical stimulation. In the second phase, the effects of RTP were assessed. The animals were anesthetized on three separate events separated by ≥7 days in an incomplete crossover design: control treatment using a table without tilt (RTP0); treatment with the table at 5° RTP (RTP5) and table tilted 10° RTP (RTP10). Subjects were physically restrained in dorsal recumbency on the table, which was already tilted according to each treatment. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane at 8% in 5 L minute–1 oxygen via face mask followed by maintenance with sevoflurane at 1.3 MAC and spontaneous breathing. Cardiopulmonary variables were obtained immediately after instrumentation (T0) and then after 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes (T30, T60, T120 and T180, respectively).Results
The mean sevoflurane MAC for the eight steers was 2.12 ± 0.31%. Cardiac output was lower at all time points and the systemic vascular resistance index was higher at T120 and T180 in RTP10 compared with RTP0. Oxygen consumption was lower at T0 and at T180 in RTP10 compared with RTP0 and at all time points except T30 compared with RTP5. Oxygen extraction was lower at T0 in RTP10 compared with RTP0 and RTP5, and at T60 and T180 compared with RTP5.Conclusions and clinical relevance
RTP 5° and 10° did not improve ventilatory and oxygenation variables in sevoflurane-anesthetized steers when compared with no tilt, however the cardiovascular variables were adversely affected in RTP10. 相似文献18.
Sato José Paulo Hiroji Gava Danielle Schaefer Rejane Cantão Maurício Egídio Ciacci-Zanella Janice Reis de Barcellos David Emilio Santos Neves 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(5):1071-1075
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been identified in pig population in Brazil since 2000, but scarce studies involving wild boars with PCV2 infection are... 相似文献
19.
Buim MR Buzinhani M Yamaguti M Oliveira RC Mettifogo E Timenetsky J Ferreira AJ 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2010,33(1):15-23
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is an important avian pathogen may cause both respiratory disease and joint inflammation synovitis in poultry, causing economic losses to the Brazilian poultry industry. The genotypic variation in 16S rRNA gene is unknown. Partial sequences of 16S rRNA gene of 19 strains of M. synoviae were sequenced and analyzed in order to obtain molecular characterization and evaluation of the genetic variability of strains from distinct Brazilian areas of poultry production. Different polymorphic patterns were observed. The number of polymorphic alterations in the studied strains ranged from 0 to 6. The nucleotide variations, including deletion, insertion and substitutions, ranged from 3 to 5. The genotypic diversity observed in this study may be explained by spontaneous mutations that may occur when a lineage remains in the same flock for long periods. The culling and reposition in poultry flocks may be responsible for the entry of new strains in different areas. 相似文献
20.
Luciano Fernandes Sousa Rogério Martins Maurício Guilherme Rocha Moreira Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves Iran Borges Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira 《Agroforestry Systems》2010,79(2):189-199
This study aimed at evaluating the influence of a silvopastoral system (SPS) composed of “Aroeira” trees (Myracrodruon urundeuva) on the nutritional value of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu forage grass over the rainy season. The experiment was conducted in the SPS located in the “Cerrado” biome in
Lagoa Santa County, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, in the agricultural year of 2004–2005. It was evaluated the influence of “Aroeira”,
whose density in the area was 140 trees/ha, on the following parameters of the B. brizantha cv. Marandu forage grass: forage mass harvest above stubble height, morphogenic attributes, bromatological composition and
nutritional value. The effects of “Aroeira” trees on the micro-climatic conditions were also evaluated. The experiment adopted
a randomized block design with five blocks (cutting seasons), two treatments (a shaded pasture—B. brizantha cv. Marandu shaded by M. urundeuva—and a pasture in full sun—B. brizantha cv. Marandu in full sun), and three replicates. The tree component, composed of the tree species M. urundeuva in the experimental density adopted, increased dry matter and crude protein of the forage mass harvest above stubble height,
without affecting the concentration of neutral detergent fibre or acid detergent fibre, thus causing dry matter and organic
matter in vitro degradability as well as effective degradability of the forage grass to remain the same as those obtained
in full sun. Therefore, the results of this study show the possibility of using trees and grass to increase both animal production
and environmental services. 相似文献