Effect of dietary inclusion of Spirulina on production performance,nutrient digestibility and meat quality traits in post-weaning piglets     

Cátia Falcão Martins  José Pestana Assunção  David M. Ribeiro Santos  Marta Sofia Morgado dos S. Madeira  Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus Alfaia  Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás Lopes  Diogo Francisco Maurício Coelho  José Pedro Cardoso Lemos  André M. de Almeida  José António Mestre Prates  João Pedro Bengala Freire 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(2):247-259

The effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), individually or in combination with two commercial carbohydrases, in piglet diets was assessed on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality traits. Forty post-weaned male piglets from Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars with an initial live weight of 12.0 ± 0.89 kg were used. Piglets were assigned to one of four dietary treatments (n = 10): cereal and soya bean meal base diet (control), base diet with 10% Spirulina (SP), SP diet supplemented with 0.005% Rovabio^® Excel AP (SP + R) and SP diet supplemented with 0.01% lysozyme (SP + L). Animals were slaughtered after a 4-week experimental period. Growth performance was negatively affected by the incorporation of Spirulina in the diets, with an average decrease of 9.1% on final weight, in comparison with control animals. Total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) of crude protein was higher (p < .05) in the control group than in other groups. In addition, lysozyme increased TTAD of crude fat and acid detergent fibre, relative to the SP and control groups, respectively. In addition, the incorporation of Spirulina, individually and supplemented with enzymes, did not impair meat quality traits. Surprisingly, no protective effect against lipid oxidation was observed with the inclusion of Spirulina in pork after 7 days of storage. This study indicates that growth performance of post-weaning piglets was impaired by the incorporation of 10% Spirulina in the diets, which is mediated by an increase in digesta viscosity and a lower protein digestibility, as a consequence of the resistance of microalga proteins to the action of endogenous peptidases. In addition, it also indicates that lysozyme, in contrast to Rovabio^® Excel AP, is efficient in the degradation of Spirulina cell wall in piglet's intestine. However, the digestion of proteins liberated by Spirulina cell wall disruption is still a challenge.  相似文献   

Two microsatellite markers flanking a dominant gene for resistance to soybean cust nematode race 3     

Gerardo Domingo Lucio Cervigni  Ivan Schuster  Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros  Maurílio Alves Moreira 《Euphytica》2004,135(1):99-105

The purpose of this work was to identifymicrosatellite markers linked to a gene forresistance to Heterodera glycinesIchinohe (Soybean Cyst Nematode – SCN) insoybean cultivar Hartwig. ABC₁F₂ mapping population derivedfrom a cross between Hartwig (resistant)and the Brazilian soybean line Y23(susceptible) was used. About 200microsatellite or simple sequence repeat(SSR) primer pairs were tested in a bulkedsegregant analysis (BSA). Those thatshowed clear polymorphisms were amplifiedin the BC₁F₂ population, whichhad been previously inoculated andevaluated for resistance/susceptibility toSCN Race 3. Three SSR markers linked toSCN resistance were detected in thepopulation. Two of them, Satt 038 and Satt163, flanking a dominant resistant gene(d/a = –0.90), explained 37% of thephenotypic variance. This gene was mappedat the edge of molecular linkage group G. Broad and narrow sense heritabilities wereestimated to be 50.54% and 37.73%,respectively. A selection efficiency of91.18% was obtained with the simultaneoususe of the two markers. The identified SSRmarkers will be useful tools for assistingthe selection of homozygous genotypes andfor expediting the introgression of the SCNresistance locus from cv. Hartwig tosoybean elite cultivars.  相似文献   

Spatial patterns of magnetic susceptibility optimized by anisotropic correction in different Alisols in southern Amazonas,Brazil     

Brito  Wildson Benedito Mendes  Campos  Milton César Costa  de Souza  Fernando Gomes  Silva  Laércio Santos  da Cunha  José Maurício  de Lima  Alan Ferreira Leite  Martins  Thalita Silva  de Oliveira  Flávio Pereira  de Oliveira  Ivanildo Amorim 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(2):419-449

Precision Agriculture - Changes in primary cover for agricultural crops in Amazonas region influence the phenomenon of spatial variability in soil properties. This phenomenon is still studied...  相似文献   

Dietary habits and inadequate control of blood pressure in hypertensive adults assisted by a Brazilian Family Doctor Program     

da Silva Nalin de Souza B  Garcia Rosa ML  Lugon JR  Yokoo EM  Mesquita ET  Rodrigues M  da Silva Ramos C  Cagy M 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(12):2176-2184

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Genotyping of Ureaplasma diversum isolates using pulsed-field electrophoresis     

Buzinhani M  Buim MR  Yamaguti M  Oliveira RC  Mettifogo E  Timenetsky J 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(3):688-690

Ureaplasma diversum has been associated with reproductive disorders in cattle and in the present study genotypic variations among U. diversum isolates obtained from the vaginal mucus of healthy cattle and sick animals were analyzed by enzymatic digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The influence of time and broth volume was important in obtaining sufficient cell sediment and DNA for PFGE. The method presented a high discriminatory power and satisfactory reproducibility for the analysis of detected variations among U. diversum isolates and strains. Different band profiles and wide genotypic heterogeneity were detected but no association between DNA polymorphism and sick or healthy animals could be established.  相似文献   

The invasive mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus: lessons for its current range expansion in South America and invasive pest management in general     

Mark P. Culik  Maurício José Fornazier  David dos Santos Martins  José Salazar Zanuncio Jr.  José Aires Ventura  Ana Lúcia B. G. Peronti  José Cola Zanuncio 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(3):387-398

The invasive mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a plant feeding insect believed to be native to Southern Asia or Australia. This mealybug has become established in many regions throughout the world (including the Caribbean and North America) in the past 100 years and is currently expanding its range in South America. Because this insect is of concern as a potential pest of many plant species, this review is provided to summarize knowledge of M. hirsutus based on past research that may be most useful for addressing the current invasion of South America by the species, and to identify gaps in information that may need to be addressed to inhibit the spread of the insect and improve management methods for this and similar organisms. In most areas into which M. hirsutus has expanded its range it is commonly suppressed by native or introduced natural enemies. Therefore, besides preventing introduction, establishment and spread of this potential pest, efforts should be made to determine if natural enemies of M. hirsutus are present in areas of concern (i.e., where the mealybug may be introduced and become established). Such information will enable determination of the need for introduction or augmentation of biological control agents in response to possible entry and establishment of the mealybug in new areas. Methods developed in response to the recent invasion of the Caribbean and North America by M. hirsutus may serve as models for addressing the threat of this and similar invasive pests in South America and elsewhere.  相似文献   

Can barber goby Elacatinus figaro control Neobedenia melleni infections on dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus?     

Roberto A R de Souza  Wesley F da Annunciação  Stephane M Lins  Eduardo G Sanches  Maurício L Martins  Mônica Y Tsuzuki 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(4):619-628

The interaction between cultured barber goby Elacatinus figaro (cleaner fish) and the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus, and the efficiency of the cleaner fish in removing ectoparasites were evaluated. When the interaction between these two species was observed, cleaner fish showed a preference for the largest groupers. In a second trial, treatments: TWC (Control) – two groupers without a cleaner fish, T1C – two groupers with one cleaner fish, T3C – two groupers with three cleaner fish and T6C – two groupers with six cleaner fish were tested in four replicates. After 8 days, monogeneans were removed and identified as Neobenedenia melleni. The highest mean abundance of parasites was found on the groupers in the TWC group (37 parasites per host) and the lowest on those in the T6C group (4.1 parasites per host). By increasing the number of cleaner fish, a higher cleaning efficiency was obtained, as observed in T6C, where almost 90% of the parasites were removed. Possibly, this removal would have been complete if the number of cleaners had not been reduced in the treatments due to the mortalities observed. This study demonstrates the possibility of using gobies to remove monogeneans and in improving grouper health.  相似文献   

Biofloc technology in intensive broodstock farming of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum: spawning performance,biochemical composition and fatty acid profile of eggs     

Maurício Emerenciano  Gerard Cuzon  Miguel Arévalo  Gabriela Gaxiola 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(10):1713-1726

A 45‐day trial was performed to evaluate the effect of biofloc technology (BFT) with or without fresh food (FF) supplementation during pre‐maturation period on Farfantepenaeus duorarum spawning performance, biochemical composition and fatty acid profile of eggs as compared with conventional clear‐water system (CW+FF). Females raised in biofloc and that received FF supplementation (FLOC+FF) achieved better spawning performance in terms of number of eggs per spawn (49 × 10³), number of eggs per spawn per g of spawner's body weight (2.1 × 10³) and egg size (~275 μm) as compared with CW+FF (23 × 10³, 1.1 × 10³ and 263 μm respectively), but both treatments did not vary from FLOC (P > 0.05). High spawning activity was also observed in biofloc system as compared with clear‐water system as shown in number of spawns per ablated female (2.2–3.0 versus 0.6) and percentage of females that spawn at least once (80–82 versus 25%). Biochemical composition of eggs presented no significant differences among treatments. FA profile of eggs indicated that high spawning activity performed by females in FLOC+FF treatment was reflected in lower mean levels of EPA, DHA and sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3) and (n‐6). The better reproductive performance demonstrated by females raised in biofloc justified the application of this technology in F. duorarum broodstock.  相似文献   

Effects of physical and chemical immobilization on hematologic and biochemical variables in captive brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira)     

Munerato MS  Duarte JM  Pereira GT  Marques JA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(4):454-463

Background: Alterations in cellular and chemical constituents in blood are indicators of physical or chemical restraint in deer. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of physical and chemical restraint on hematologic and biochemical analytes in captive brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). Methods: Six adult deer were physically restrained and randomly anesthetized in a crossover design using 3 protocols (P). In P1, anesthesia was induced directly with isoflurane using a face mask and was maintained with isoflurane delivered by endotracheal tube. In P2, oral premedication with midazolam was followed 1 hour later by induction and maintenance of anesthesia with isoflurane, as in P1. In P3, intravenous anesthesia with a combination of ketamine, xylazine, and atropine was followed by anesthesia with isoflurane, as in P1. Blood was collected immediately after physical restraint (T0) and during anesthesia at 20‐minute intervals (T15, T35, and T55). Hematologic and biochemical constituents were determined using manual methods or automated analyzers, with cortisol measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results: During physical restraint, following food and water restriction, significant hemoconcentration, increased WBC count, and lower cortisol concentration were observed compared with results at T15, T35, and T55. During anesthesia, lymphocyte count was lower in P2 than P1, urea concentration was decreased at T15 using P2, and plasma glucose concentration was increased after T0 (P<.01). Among the anesthetic protocols, there was a trend for decreased cortisol concentration using P2. Conclusions: Physical restraint and anesthesia affect some blood constituents in captive brown brocket deer, and midazolam premedication may modify the intensity of the stress response.  相似文献   

Operational interactions between South American sea lions and gillnet fishing in southern Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

Paulo Henrique Ott  Ignacio Benites Moreno  Daniel Danilewicz  Maurício Tavares  Enrique Alberto Crespo  Salvatore Siciliano  Larissa Rosa De Oliveira 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(1):108-120