Phenolic antioxidants and the protection of low density lipoprotein from peroxynitrite-mediated oxidations at physiologic CO2     

Ferroni F  Maccaglia A  Pietraforte D  Turco L  Minetti M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(10):2866-2874

Dietary phenolic antioxidants have been shown to prevent LDL modifications mediated by several physiologic oxidants including peroxynitrite. However, more recent data demonstrated that CO(2) affected the fate of peroxynitrite in biological fluids and significantly reduced peroxynitrite scavenging by polyphenols, raising doubts concerning their antioxidant activity. We found that the oxidation of LDL lipids mediated by peroxynitrite decreased in the presence of bicarbonate, while Trp oxidation and 3-nitroTyr formation increased, suggesting a redirection of peroxynitrite reactivity toward the protein moiety. We therefore evaluated the protective activity of some phenolic antioxidants (quercetin, oleuropein, resveratrol, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, tyrosol, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, ascorbate) on peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation of LDL aromatic residues. Some of these phenols protected LDL Trp from oxidation better than ascorbate or alpha-tocopherol, although protection at 100 microM did not exceed 30-40%. However, the same phenolic antioxidants were more active in inhibiting 3-nitroTyr formation and those with a catechin structure provided significant protection (IC(50%) 40-50 microM). Red wine, a polyphenol-rich beverage, showed a protective effect comparable to that of the most active phenolic antioxidants. Direct EPR studies showed that bicarbonate significantly increased the peroxynitrite-dependent formation of O-semiquinone radicals in red wine, supporting the hypothesis that polyphenols are efficient scavengers of radicals formed by peroxynitrite/CO(2). Ascorbate was a poor inhibitor of peroxynitrite/CO(2)-induced LDL tyrosine nitration, but the simultaneous addition to the most active polyphenols halved their IC(50%). In conclusion, although cooperation with other antioxidants can further decrease the IC(50%) of polyphenolics, as demonstrated for ascorbate, their antioxidant activity appears to occur at concentrations at least 1 order of magnitude higher than their bioavailability.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect evaluation of denudation rates in Central Italy     

Marta Della Seta  Maurizio Del Monte  Paola FrediElvidio Lupia Palmieri 《CATENA》2007

This paper presents the main results of a series of geomorphological studies, aimed to the quantitative direct and indirect evaluation of denudation processes in Central Italy. These studies, which started in some sample areas since long ago, were further deepened and extended to a wider number of drainage basins, representative of a variety of morphostructural conditions.  相似文献   

Chemical composition,plant genetic differences,and antifungal activity of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum G. Don ssp. microphyllum (Willd) Nym     

Angioni A  Barra A  Arlorio M  Coisson JD  Russo MT  Pirisi FM  Satta M  Cabras P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(4):1030-1034

The chemical composition of the essential oil of the Sardinian dwarf curry plant [Helichrysum italicum G. Don ssp. microphyllum (Willd) Nym] was studied. Genetic analysis suggested the presence of two chemotypes; morphological and chemical differences confirmed the presence of two chemotypes (A and B). The maximum yields were 0.18 and 0.04% (v/w) for flowering tops and stems, respectively. The concentrations of nerol and its esters (acetate and propionate), limonene, and linalool reach their highest values during the flowering stage both in flowers and in stems. Besides the essential oil, type B showed an interesting antifungal activity.  相似文献   

Computed tomographic localization of the deepest portion of the femoral trochlear groove in healthy dogs     

Tommaso Nicetto DVM  PhD  Federico Longo DVM  PhD  Barbara Contiero MsS  Maurizio Isola DVM  PhD  Massimo Petazzoni DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(6):1246-1254

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Phytoremediation of Vineyard Copper-Contaminated Soil and Copper Mining Waste by a High Potential Bioenergy Crop (Helianthus annus L.)     

Robson Andreazza  Simone Pieniz  Amauri A. Barcelos  Maurizio S. Quadro  Flavio A. O. Camargo 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(10):1580-1594

Phytoremediation is a helpful technique to remediate copper-contaminated areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate sunflower phytoremediation capacity in two vineyard copper-contaminated soils (Inceptisol and Mollisol) and a copper mining waste. Nutrient uptake, copper phytoaccumulation, translocation factor (TF), and bioaccumulation factor (BCF) of sunflower were evaluated after 57 days of growth. Plants grown in both the Mollisol and Inceptisol soils showed high plant height. Fresh biomass was high in the Mollisol in the shoots and roots and also demonstrated the highest values on the tolerance index (TI). The BCF after growth in all three of the copper contaminated soils as Inceptisol, Mollisol, and copper mining waste showed reduction of this index value to 0.19, 0.24, and 0.03, respectively against native soil (Mollisol under natural conditions (4.71). Sunflowers have some important characteristics such as high phytomass production, copper phytoaccumulation, and potential use to biofuel. Thus, sunflower is a potential candidate to phytoremediation of vineyard copper-contaminated soils.  相似文献   

Consumer perceptions of food safety risk：Evidence from a segmentation study in Albania     

Edvin Zhllima  Drini Imami  Maurizio Canavari 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2015,(6)

Albania is facing serious problems with the national food safety control system in terms of legislation, control and enforce-ment. The objective of this paper is to analyse consumer perceptions about s...  相似文献   

Intraspecific variation of physiological and molecular response to cadmium stress in Populus nigra L     

Gaudet M  Pietrini F  Beritognolo I  Iori V  Zacchini M  Massacci A  Mugnozza GS  Sabatti M 《Tree physiology》2011,31(12):1309-1318

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Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Thymus spinulosus Ten. (Lamiaceae)     

De Feo V  Bruno M  Tahiri B  Napolitano F  Senatore F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(13):3849-3853

The chemical composition of essential oils from aerial parts of Thymus spinulosus Ten. (Lamiaceae) is reported. Four oils from plants growing in different environmental conditions were characterized by GC and GC-MS methods; the oils seem to indicate a new chemotype in the genus Thymus. Influences of soil and altitude characteristics on the essential oil composition are discussed. The oils showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimuium Ty2, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.  相似文献   

Hydrolysis of wine aroma precursors during malolactic fermentation with four commercial starter cultures of Oenococcus oeni     

Ugliano M  Genovese A  Moio L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(17):5073-5078

The ability of four commercial preparations of Oenococcus oeni lactic acid bacteria (EQ 54, Lalvin OSU, Uvaferm Alpha, and Lalvin 31) to hydrolyze wine aroma precursors was evaluated by measuring the concentration of free and bound aroma compounds at the end of malolactic fermentation carried out in model wines containing a mixture of glycosides extracted from Muscat wine. At pH 3.4 there was a decrease in glycosylated compounds matched by a concomitant increase in free forms in all starter cultures tested. When malolactic fermentation was carried out at pH 3.2, a significant decrease in the ability to hydrolyze aroma precursors was observed for two of the cultures tested (Uvaferm Alpha and Lalvin 31). Large differences in the extent of hydrolysis and in the specificity of this activity toward specific aroma precursors were observed and appeared to be related to the chemical structure of the aglycon as well as to individual characteristics of each starter culture. The amounts of glycosylated aroma compounds released during malolactic fermentation suggest that O. oeni can alter the sensory characteristics of wine through the hydrolysis of aroma precursors.  相似文献   

Characterization of Some Italian Common Bean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaseolus Vulgaris</Emphasis> L.) Landraces by RAPD,Semi-random and ISSR Molecular Markers     

Ilaria Marotti  Alessandra Bonetti  Maurizio Minelli  Pietro Catizone  Giovenni Dinelli 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(1):175-188

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and a semi-random PCR system were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 16 Italian common bean landraces and their relationship to four commercial cultivars. Of the primers tested, 8 ISSR, 6 RAPD and 7 semi-random primers produced polymorphic and reproducible DNA fragments. A higher proportion of polymorphic bands were observed using ISSR (85%) and semi-random (90%) primers than RAPD (69%) method. The combination of any two semi-random markers allowed the identification of all 20 bean genotypes. In contrast ISSR (except for primer (CAC)₃GC) and RAPD markers appeared to be less informative as more than two markers were necessary to achieve the same diagnostic level. Moreover, 7 ISSR, 2 RAPD and 8 semi-random exclusive bands were identified as putative population-specific markers. Semi-random and ISSR derived dendrograms showed similar tendencies in terms of genetic relatedness, whereas clustering of genotypes within groups was not similar when compared with the RAPD technique. Despite the different ability to resolve genetic variation among the investigated landraces, two major clusters with less than 60% (ISSR) and 40% (RAPD and semi-random) genetic similarity were formed with all three marker systems. The two groups were correlated with the phaseolin patterns and seed size of the landraces. The analysis showed that the cultivar ȁ8Lingua di Fuocoȁ9 and most of the landraces (13 out of 16) collected in Italy belong to the Andean gene pool, whereas only the three populations from Pratomagno belong to the Middle American gene pool.  相似文献