Hydathode morphology and role of guttation in excreting sodium at different concentrations of sodium chloride in eddo     

Md. Babul Hossain  Nobuhiko Matsuyama 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(4):528-539

Mature leaves of field-grown eddo plants were used for observing hydathode morphology by light and scanning electron microscopies. There were approximately five hydathode pores on the adaxial surface of each leaf tip. A ring structure with two borders around the pore was detected in this study. Further observations revealed a large cavity underneath the pores. The cavity was directly connected to vascular bundles that lacked a bundle sheath, via intercellular spaces among loosely organized parenchyma cells. Many crystal cells were present around the cavity and vascular bundles. To evaluate the role of guttation in sodium excretion under salinity stress, eddo plants were grown in hydroponic solutions containing 0, 1, 4, 8, and 12 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 7 d. As the NaCl concentration in the hydroponic solution increased, the sodium contents increased in leaf blades, petioles, and roots but remained unchanged in corms. The sodium concentration in the guttation fluid increased; however, the volume of guttation fluid decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. Therefore, sodium elimination via guttation decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. The ratios of the sodium content in guttation fluid to that of leaf blades, leaves, and whole plants decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. The ratios of potassium to sodium contents in leaves, roots, and guttation fluid also decreased as the NaCl concentration increased. These results indicate that guttation did not eliminate sufficient sodium to play a role in adjusting sodium homeostasis and the ratios of potassium to sodium contents in eddo plants under saline conditions.  相似文献   

Salinity stress response in estuarine fishes from the Murray Estuary and Coorong,South Australia     

Md. Afzal Hossain  Shefali Aktar  Jian G. Qin 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(6):1571-1580

Estuaries are unstable ecosystems and can be changed by the environmental and anthropogenic impact. The Murray Estuary and Coorong were degraded by drought and low freshwater input in the last decade and therefore transformed into the largest hyper-saline lagoon in Australia. This study evaluates the physiological stress of two estuarine fish species (small-mouthed hardyhead Atherinosoma microstoma and Tamar goby Afurcagobius tamarensis) to the induced salinity change in captivity. The test fishes were collected from the Coorong and transported to the laboratory in the water from the Coorong. Each fish species was exposed to different levels of salinity, and a number of enzymes were assessed to measure the stress response of fish to salinity change. The activity of reactive oxygen species was significantly increased with the salinity change in both fish species compared with the fish in the control. Significant salinity effect on superoxide dismutase activity was observed on Tamar goby but not on small-mouthed hardyhead. Conversely, the impact of salinity on catalase activity was detected on small-mouthed hardyhead but not on Tamar goby. The study reveals that the induction of physical stress by salinity changes occurred in both Tamar goby and small-mouthed hardyhead despite the varying response of antioxidant enzymes between fish species. The study provides an insight into the understanding of physiological adaptation in estuarine fish to salinity change. The results could improve our knowledge on stress response and resilience of estuarine fish to hypo- and hyper-salinity stress.  相似文献   

Marker-assisted selection of low erucic acid quantity in short duration Brassica rapa     

Md. Masud Karim  Nazmoon Naher Tonu  Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain  Taketo Funaki  M. Bahadur Meah  Delwar M. Hossain  M. Asad ud-doullah  Eigo Fukai  Keiichi Okazaki 《Euphytica》2016,208(3):535-544

Low erucic acid (LEA) rapeseed, which has accumulated mutant fatty acid elongase genes at the BnFAE1.1 and BnFAE1.2 loci of the A- and C-genome, respectively, is an important oilseed crop. Short growing turnip rape (B. rapa) is also important as a catch crop in the continuous cropping of rice in Asia but there is no LEA B. rapa cultivar for cultivation in South Asia. In order to develop LEA turnip rape cultivars, high erucic acid turnip rape cultivars were interspecifically crossed as recurrent parents to a canola quality rapeseed. In the meantime, we monitored incorporation of the mutant bnfae1.1 (e1) gene into A-genome of turnip rape, using a dCAPS primer pair, which can amplify PCR fragment only for the mutant e1 gene from A-genome. The early backcross progenies showed poor seed set, but which was improved in advanced progenies. Finally, homozygous e1e1 genotypes were established in the selfed progenies of BC₂–BC₃, and their LEA content was confirmed by gas-chromatography analysis. Our results and promising lines will contribute to LEA-trait selection in turnip rape and rapeseed breeding.  相似文献   

Main effect QTLs associated with arsenic phyto-toxicity tolerance at seedling stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

Md. Abu Syed  K. M. Iftekharuddaula  M. A. Khaleque Mian  Md. Golam Rasul  G. K. M. Mustafizur Rahmam  Golam M. Panaullah  Julie G. Lauren  John M. Duxbury  Partha S. Biswas 《Euphytica》2016,209(3):805-814

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The locus for resistance to Asian soybean rust in PI 587855          下载免费PDF全文

Naoki Yamanaka  Mio Morishita  Tomomi Mori  Yukie Muraki  Midori Hasegawa  Md. Motaher Hossain  Yuichi Yamaoka  Masayasu Kato 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(5):621-626

Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most serious soybean (Glycine max) diseases in tropical and subtropical areas. A soybean line, PI 587855, showed a resistance phenotype against ASR pathogens in Japan and South America at high frequency; however, little is known of the genetic control of this resistance and chromosomal location of the corresponding locus. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the inheritance of PI 587855 resistance and map the corresponding locus with SSR markers aiming to use the linked markers in marker‐assisted selection. In the segregating population, resistance to ASR appeared to be controlled by a single dominant gene. The ASR resistance locus was mapped near to the chromosomal region where the resistant loci, Rpp1 and Rpp1‐b, were previously mapped. Comparative genetic mapping and disease reaction profiles of other seven lines carrying Rpp1 or Rpp1‐b to four Brazilian ASR isolates revealed that the resistance reaction exhibited by PI 587855 was similar to that of Rpp1‐b‐carrying varieties which have useful resistance to South American ASR strains.  相似文献   

Optimizing fertilizers doses and their effects on photosynthesis and biomass yield of Hibiscus cannabinus cultivated on BRIS soil     

Mohd Hadi Akbar Basri  Md. Rezaul Karim  Nasima Junejo  Hazandy Abdul Hamid  Noor Syahirah Norrashid 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2016,66(6):534-543

In tropical climate, huge amount of fertilizer need to be used for the cultivation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil, however this approach is not cost effective and environmental friendly. Therefore, the optimizing of fertilizer rate for BRIS soils and selection of suitable soil amendments are crucial to get a higher yield. In this study, the effects of different combinations of urea, chicken manure and biochar on soil properties, growth performance and physiological characteristics of kenaf cultivated on the BRIS soil were investigated. Eight treatments were conducted namely: control (T1), biochar (T2), chicken manure (T3), urea (T4), chicken manure + urea (T5), biochar + chicken manure (T6), urea + biochar (T7) and biochar + chicken manure + urea (T8). The biomass and physiological characteristics of kenaf were recorded every month, while the soil was analyzed following a standard laboratory procedure. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (urea) significantly increased the nutrient content of the soil compared to the T1, whereas T3 showed the highest pH, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable bases (Na, Mg, Ca). However, the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers showed the highest plant height, diameter of stem and number of leaves as well as dry biomass compared to other treatments. Furthermore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductivity. The results suggest that the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers represents an effective approach for the cultivation of kenaf in tropical climate.  相似文献   

Allelic diversity of newly characterized submergence-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from Bangladesh     

Khandakar M. Iftekharuddaula  Sharmistha Ghosal  Zennia J. Gonzaga  Al Amin  Hirendra N. Barman  Rumena Yasmeen  Md. Moinul Haque  Jerome Carandang  Bertrand C. Y. Collard  Endang M. Septiningsih 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(5):859-867

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Antifungal effect of chito-oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization     

Md. Hafizur Rahman  Linda Gordon Hjeljord  Berit B. Aam  Morten Sørlie  Arne Tronsmo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,141(1):147-158

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Effect of replacing fishmeal with canola meal on growth and nutrient utilization in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate)     

Mahbuba Bulbul  Md. Abdul Kader  Shunsuke Koshio  Manabu Ishikawa  Saichiro Yokoyama 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(5):848-858

A feeding trial was conducted to assess the nutritional values of canola meal as a substitute for fishmeal in diets for kuruma shrimp using five isocaloric diets (190 kJ kg^?1) prepared by replacing 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of fishmeal protein with canola meal protein in CM0, CM10, CM20, CM30 and CM40 diets respectively. Triplicate groups of juveniles (0.19 g) were fed the respective diets for 60 days in tanks. At the end of trial, weight gain (%) and specific growth rate (% day^?1) were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among shrimp fed CM0, CM10 and CM20 diets. However, growth was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in shrimp fed CM30 and CM40 diets. As with growth performance, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were also decreased (P < 0.05) in CM30 and CM40 groups. Whole body dry matter, methionine and proline were significantly decreased with canola meal substitution levels. In general, retention efficiency of protein and indispensible amino acids were decreased as canola meal increased in diets. It may be concluded that 20% fishmeal protein can be successfully replaced with canola meal, while supplementation of amino acids or blending with complementary proteins could facilitate higher fishmeal replacements in kuruma shrimp diets.  相似文献   

Greater contribution of low-nutrient tolerance to sorghum and maize growth under combined stress conditions with high aluminum and low nutrients in solution culture simulating the nutrient status of tropical acid soils     

Afrin AKHTER  Md. Shahadat Hossain KHAN  Egashira HIROAKI  Keitarou TAWARAYA  Idupulapati M. RAO  Peter WENZL  Satoru ISHIKAWA  Tadao WAGATSUMA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2009,55(3):394-406

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