Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii DNA in vaginal and uterine samples from healthy cats of north-central Colorado     

Cairns K  Brewer M  Lappin MR 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2007,9(3):196-201

Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. Although traditionally associated with livestock exposure, human infection has also been documented from contact with parturient cats. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of C burnetii DNA in uterine and vaginal tissues from healthy client-owned and shelter cats of north-central Colorado using polymerase chain reaction assay. Coxiella burnetii was not amplified from vaginal samples of any cat or uterine biopsies of shelter cats. However, a nucleotide sequence with 99% homology to C burnetii DNA was amplified from four of 47 (8.5%) uterine biopsies of client-owned cats. This study demonstrates that clinically normal cats in north-central Colorado can harbor C burnetii. Care should be taken when attending to parturient cats and contact with parturient secretions should be avoided. Additional studies are indicated to further characterize the role of cats in zoonotic Q fever.  相似文献   

Effects of reconcile (fluoxetine) chewable tablets plus behavior management for canine separation anxiety     

Simpson BS  Landsberg GM  Reisner IR  Ciribassi JJ  Horwitz D  Houpt KA  Kroll TL  Luescher A  Moffat KS  Douglass G  Robertson-Plouch C  Veenhuizen MF  Zimmerman A  Clark TP 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(1):18-31

Canine separation anxiety is a common behavioral problem presented to veterinarians. Associated behaviors are distressing to both dog and owner, have the potential to disrupt the human-companion animal bond, and may lead to euthanasia. The results of this study demonstrate the clinical efficacy and safety of Reconcile (fluoxetine, 1 to 2 mg/kg/day [0.45 to 0.91 mg/lb/day]), in conjunction with behavior management, for the treatment of canine separation anxiety. The beef flavored chewable formulation was palatable to treated dogs and easy to administer. This study provides to veterinarians and owners valuable information about an effective separation anxiety treatment plan that combines use of Reconcile with behavior modification.  相似文献   

Use of sub-hourly soil water content measured with a frequency-domain reflectometer to schedule irrigation of cabbages     

G. Lukangu  M.J. Savage  M.A. Johnston 《Irrigation Science》1999,19(1):7-13

Laboratory and field measurements of soil water content were obtained using gravimetric and Theta-Probe methods, the latter a frequency-domain reflectometry method. We obtained real-time in situ measurements of soil water content at depths of 30, 80, 160, 240 and 350 mm to evaluate irrigation practice. A datalogger recording the change in soil water content (and cumulative irrigation) at 20-min intervals was used, with appropriate calculations and graphical presentation, to predict the time and amount of irrigation water required for soil water content to reach field capacity. Measurements at three instead of five depths yielded a different depth-averaged soil water content under relatively dry conditions (less than 0.273 m³ m⁻³), and predicted a later start for irrigation and early crop water stress. Investing in additional sensores for scheduling irrigation would be compensated by financial resources saved through avoiding excess or deficit irrigation, and the associated application cost, loss of nutrients and soil due to deep percolation and erosion, and loss of crop production.  相似文献   

REVERSIBLE MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING ABNORMALITIES IN DOGS FOLLOWING SEIZURES     

Linda M.  Mellema  DVM  Philip D.  Koblik  DVM  MS  Gregg D.  Kortz  DVM  Richard A.  Lecouteur  BVSc  PhD  Melissa A.  Chechowitz  DVM  Peter J.  Dickinson  BVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(6):588-595

Reversible magnetic resonance (MR) imaging lesions have been described in humans following seizures. This condition has not yet been reported in animals. This paper describes reversible abnormalities identified in 3 dogs using MR imaging that was performed initially within 14 days of the last seizure and follow-up imaging that was performed after 10 to 16 weeks of anticonvulsant therapy. All three dogs had lesions in the piriform/temporal lobes, characterized by varying degrees of hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and hypointensity on T1-weighted images. In one dog, contrast enhancement was evident. On reevaluation, partial resolution occurred in all 3 dogs. In a fourth animal with an olfactory meningioma, similar appearing lesions in the temporal cortex and right and left piriform lobes were identified after seizure activity. A surgical biopsy of the temporal cortex and hippocampus was performed and edema, neovascularization, reactive astrocytosis, and acute neuronal necrosis were evident. These histologic findings are similar to those reported in humans with seizures. Recognizing the potential occurrence of reversible abnormalities in MR images is important in developing a diagnostic and therapeutic plan in canine patients with seizures. Repeat imaging after seizure control may help differentiate between seizure-induced changes and primary multifocal parenchymal abnormalities.  相似文献   

Sensory Descriptive Texture Analyses of Cooked Rice and Its Correlation to Instrumental Parameters Using an Extrusion Cell     

Jean-Francois C. Meullenet  Jason Gross  Bradley P. Marks  Melissa Daniels 《Cereal Chemistry》1998,75(5):714-720

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Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of Novel Pyridine Methanesulfonates     

Bruce L. Finkelstein  Melissa A. Martz  Christopher J. Strock 《Pest management science》1997,50(4):319-323

A model has been developed which has led to the design and synthesis of novel 6-methanesulfonyloxypyridine-2-carboxamides with insecticidal activity, low mammalian toxicity and safety to aquatic organisms. The amides formed from amines with α branching (e.g. isopropyl and sec-butyl) demonstrated the highest level of activity. Rice nursery box field test results on laboratory raised insects gave insufficient control of the entire Japanese hopper spectrum to warrant further development of these compounds. © 1997 SCI  相似文献   

Genome‐wide association analysis of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) resistance in a North American Atlantic salmon population          下载免费PDF全文

Christina M Rochus  Melissa K Holborn  Keng P Ang  J A K Elliott  Brian D Glebe  Steven Leadbeater  J J Tosh  Elizabeth G Boulding 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(3):1329-1338

Our objective was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with resistance to the salmon louse in the Saint John River aquacultural population of North American Atlantic salmon using estimated breeding values (EBVs) and 6K genotypes from the parent‐generation and lice count phenotypes from the challenged, but ungenotyped, offspring‐generation. In 2011 and 2012, we challenged recent smolts with approximately 100 copepodids each. Fish were euthanized once the lice reached the chalimus stages and lice count, sex, tank and salt water weight were recorded. We used a multiple trait model to estimate breeding values for the parent‐generation using their own fresh water weights and the salt water weights and lice counts of the offspring‐generation. Salmon lice count heritability for untransformed and transformed data was 0.17 and 0.29 respectively. Two different genome‐wide association study methods were compared: (i) forward multiple linear regression and (ii) a mixed linear model using principal components to correct for population stratification as implemented in the egscore function of GenABEL. The two methods detected different SNPs located on different chromosomes. The multiple regression method incorporated 70 SNPs found on chromosomes 2, 7, 9, 12, 14, 15, 21, 22, 1p/23, 24. Many SNPs entered into the forward multiple regression are likely to be false positives from not correcting for the observed population stratification and cryptic relatedness. In contrast, the mixed linear model identified only two SNPs, one on chromosome 1p/23 (6.9%) and one on chromosome 1q (6.1%) consistent with louse‐resistance being a quantitative trait.  相似文献   

Linking Northeast Pacific recruitment synchrony to environmental variability     

Megan M. Stachura  Timothy E. Essington  Nathan J. Mantua  Anne B. Hollowed  Melissa A. Haltuch  Paul D. Spencer  Trevor A. Branch  Miriam J. Doyle 《Fisheries Oceanography》2014,23(5):389-408

We investigated the hypothesis that synchronous recruitment is due to a shared susceptibility to environmental processes using stock–recruitment residuals for 52 marine fish stocks within three Northeast Pacific large marine ecosystems: the Eastern Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands, Gulf of Alaska, and California Current. There was moderate coherence in exceptionally strong and weak year‐classes and correlations across stocks. Based on evidence of synchrony from these analyses, we used Bayesian hierarchical models to relate recruitment to environmental covariates for groups of stocks that may be similarly influenced by environmental processes based on their life histories. There were consistent relationships among stocks to the covariates, especially within the Gulf of Alaska and California Current. The best Gulf of Alaska model included Northeast Pacific sea surface height as a predictor of recruitment, and was particularly strong for stocks dependent on cross‐shelf transport during the larval phase for recruitment. In the California Current the best‐fit model included San Francisco coastal sea level height as a predictor, with higher recruitment for many stocks corresponding to anomalously high sea level the year before spawning and low sea level the year of spawning. The best Eastern Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands model included several environmental variables as covariates and there was some consistent response across stocks to these variables. Future research may be able to utilize these across‐stock environmental influences, in conjunction with an understanding of ecological processes important across early life history stages, to improve identification of environmental drivers of recruitment.  相似文献   

Measuring Fluorescent Dye in the Bubbly and Sediment-Laden Surfzone     

David B. Clark  Falk Feddersen  Melissa M. Omand  R. T. Guza 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,204(1-4):103-115

Decisions about recreational beach closures would be enhanced if better estimates of surfzone contaminant transport and dilution were available. In situ methods for measuring fluorescent Rhodamine WT dye tracer in the surfzone are presented, increasing the temporal and spatial resolution over previous surfzone techniques. Bubbles and sand suspended by breaking waves in the surfzone interfere with in situ optical fluorometer dye measurements, increasing the lower bound for dye detection (≈ 1 ppb) and reducing (quenching) measured dye concentrations. Simultaneous turbidity measurements are used to estimate the level of bubble and sand interference and correct dye estimates. After correction, root-mean-square dye concentration errors are estimated to be <?5% of dye concentration magnitude, thus demonstrating the viability of in situ surfzone fluorescent dye measurements. The surfzone techniques developed here may be applicable to other environments with high bubble and sand concentrations (e.g., cascading rivers and streams).  相似文献   

Three scales of temporal resolution from automated soil respiration measurements     

Kathleen Savage  Eric A. Davidson  Andrew D. Richardson  David Y. Hollinger 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(11):2012

Soil respiration (R_s) is a combination of autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration, but it is often modeled as a single efflux process, influenced by environmental variables similarly across all time scales. Continued progress in understanding sources of variation in soil CO₂ efflux will require development of R_s models that incorporate environmental influences at multiple time scales. Coherence analysis, which requires high temporal frequency data on R_s and related environmental variables, permits examination of covariation between R_s and the factors that influence it at varying temporal frequencies, thus isolating the factors important at each time scale. Automated R_s measurements, along with air, soil temperature and moisture were collected at half hour intervals at a temperate forest at Harvard Forest, MA in 2003 and a boreal transition forest at the Howland Forest, ME in 2005. As in other temperate and boreal forests, seasonal variation in R_s was strongly correlated with soil temperature. The organic and mineral layer water contents were significantly related to R_s at synoptic time scales of 2–3 days to weeks, representing the wetting and drying of the soils as weather patterns move across the region. Post-wetting pulses of R_s were correlated with the amount of precipitation and the magnitude of the change from pre-wet-up moisture content to peak moisture content of the organic horizon during the precipitation events. Although soil temperature at 8–10 cm depth and R_s showed strong coherence at a 24-h interval, calculated diel Q₁₀ values for R_s were unreasonably high (6–74) during all months for the evergreen forest and during the growing season for the deciduous forest, suggesting that other factors that covary with soil temperature, such as canopy assimilatory processes, may also influence the diel amplitude of R_s. Lower diel Q₁₀ values were obtained based on soil temperature measured at shallower depths or with air temperature, but the fit was poorer and a lag was needed to improve the fit (peak R_s followed peak air temperature by several hours), suggesting a role for delayed substrate supply from aboveground processes to affect diel patterns of R_s. High frequency automated R_s datasets afford the opportunity to disentangle the temporal scales at which environmental factors, such as seasonal temperature and phenology, synoptic weather events and soil moisture, and diel variation in temperature and photosynthesis, affect soil respiration processes.  相似文献