Methodology for the realisation of accelerated structural tests on tractors     

Michele Mattetti  Giovanni Molari  Enrico Sedoni 《Biosystems Engineering》2012,113(3):266-271

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Soil solid phases effects on the proteomic analysis of Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34     

Laura Giagnoni  Francesca Magherini  Loretta Landi  Safiyh Taghavi  Daniel van der Lelie  Michele Puglia  Laura Bianchi  Luca Bini  Paolo Nannipieri  Giancarlo Renella  Alessandra Modesti 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2012,48(4):425-433

Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 is a completely sequenced soil-borne beta-proteobacterium with known genome and proteome. Comparative 2-D electrophoresis and protein mass spectrometry were used to compare the proteome of C. metallidurans CH34 from liquid culture and after incubation for 1, 3, and 12?days in microcosms containing quartz sand, kaolinite, montmorillonite, or an artificial soil. Results showed that proteome from liquid culture was similar to CH34 proteins extracted from sand and kaolinite, whereas the proteins extracted from artificial soil differed significantly and no proteins were detected from C. metallidurans CH34 incubated in the montmorillonite microcosms. Protein recovery decreased on prolonging incubation time in all microcosms. Mass spectrometry identification showed that the trend of lower recovery upon incubation time was independent on the putative function of protein. These results suggest that the soil solid phase influences the protein recovery and soil proteomic analysis and that distinction between protein recovery and protein expression in soil will be a challenging for soil proteomic researchers.  相似文献   

Glucose slows down the heat-induced aggregation of β-lactoglobulin at neutral pH     

Da Silva Pinto M  Bouhallab S  De Carvalho AF  Henry G  Putaux JL  Leonil J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(1):214-219

The behavior of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) during heat treatments depends on the environmental conditions. The influence of the presence or absence of a reducing sugar, namely, glucose, on the modification of the protein during heating has been studied using fluorescence, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and transmission electron microscopy. Glycated products were formed during heating 24 h at 90 °C and pH 7. The fluorescence results revealed an accumulation of the advanced Maillard products and the formation of aggregates during heating. PAGE and SEC data suggested that the products in the control samples were essentially composed of covalently linked fibrillar aggregates and that their formation was faster than that for glycated samples. We showed that glucose affected the growing step of covalent aggregates but not the initial denaturation/aggregation step of native protein. Glucose-modified proteins formed a mixture of short fibrils and polydisperse aggregates. Our results revealed that β-Lg forms fibrils at neutral pH after heating and that glucose slows the formation of these fibrils.  相似文献   

Incorporating habitat suitability,landscape distance,and resistant kernels to estimate conservation units for an imperiled terrestrial snake     

Bauder  Javan M.  Chandler  Houston C.  Elmore  Michele L.  Jenkins  Christopher L. 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(10):2519-2533

Landscape Ecology - Wildlife distributions are often subdivided into discrete conservation units to aid in implementing management and conservation objectives. Habitat suitability models,...  相似文献   

Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution     

Lowe CB  Kellis M  Siepel A  Raney BJ  Clamp M  Salama SR  Kingsley DM  Lindblad-Toh K  Haussler D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6045):1019-1024

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Mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals: the role of endogenous nitric oxide     

Nisoli E  Clementi E  Paolucci C  Cozzi V  Tonello C  Sciorati C  Bracale R  Valerio A  Francolini M  Moncada S  Carruba MO 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5608):896-899

Nitric oxide was found to trigger mitochondrial biogenesis in cells as diverse as brown adipocytes and 3T3-L1, U937, and HeLa cells. This effect of nitric oxide was dependent on guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and was mediated by the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, the mitochondrial biogenesis induced by exposure to cold was markedly reduced in brown adipose tissue of endothelial nitric oxide synthase null-mutant (eNOS-/-) mice, which had a reduced metabolic rate and accelerated weight gain as compared to wild-type mice. Thus, a nitric oxide-cGMP-dependent pathway controls mitochondrial biogenesis and body energy balance.  相似文献   

Enhanced dendritic cell antigen capture via toll-like receptor-induced actin remodeling     

West MA  Wallin RP  Matthews SP  Svensson HG  Zaru R  Ljunggren HG  Prescott AR  Watts C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5687):1153-1157

Microbial products are sensed through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and trigger a program of dendritic cell (DC) maturation that enables DCs to activate T cells. Although an accepted hallmark of this response is eventual down-regulation of DC endocytic capacity, we show that TLR ligands first acutely stimulate antigen macropinocytosis, leading to enhanced presentation on class I and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. Simultaneously, actin-rich podosomes disappear, which suggests a coordinated redeployment of actin to fuel endocytosis. These reciprocal changes are transient and require p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Thus, the DC actin cytoskeleton can be rapidly mobilized in response to innate immune stimuli to enhance antigen capture and presentation.  相似文献   

Effects of fire and fire intensity on the germination and establishment of Acacia karroo, Acacia nilotica, Acacia luederitzii and Dichrostachys cinerea in the field     

Michele Walters  Jeremy J Midgley  Michael J Somers 《BMC ecology》2004,4(1):1-13

Background

The native annual tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, is found primarily in large ephemeral populations (typically for less than 3 growing seasons) after fires in sagebrush and pinyon-juniper ecosystems and in small persistent populations (for many growing seasons) in isolated washes typically along roadsides throughout the Great Basin Desert of the SW USA. This distribution pattern is due to its unusual germination behavior. Ephemeral populations are produced by the germination of dormant seeds from long-lived seed banks which are stimulated to germinate by a combination of unidentified positive cues found in wood smoke and the removal of inhibitors leached from the unburned litter of the dominant vegetation. Persistent populations may result where these inhibitors do not exist, as in washes or along disturbed roadsides. To determine if this germination behavior has influenced population structure, we conducted an AFLP (244 individuals), ISSR (175 individuals) and ISSR+ AFLP (175 individuals) analysis on plants originating from seed collected from populations growing in 11 wash and burns over 11 years from the SW USA.

Results

Genetic variance as measured by both ISSR and AFLP markers was low among sites and comparatively higher within populations. Cluster analysis of the Utah samples with samples collected from Arizona, California, and Oregon as out-groups also did not reveal patterns. AMOVA analysis of the combined AFLP and ISSR data sets yielded significantly low genetic differentiation among sites (Φct), moderate among populations within sites (Φsc) and higher genetic differentiation within populations (Φst).

Conclusions

We conclude that the seed dormancy of this post-fire annual and its resulting age structure in conjunction with natural selection processes are responsible for significantly low among sites and comparatively high within-population genetic variation observed in this species.  相似文献   

Congenital heart disease in boxer dogs: results of 6 years of breed screening     

Bussadori C  Pradelli D  Borgarelli M  Chiavegato D  D'Agnolo G  Menegazzo L  Migliorini F  Santilli R  Zani A  Quintavalla C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):187-192

This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ocular lesions in dogs with anemia (packed cell volume  20%) and/or thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150,000/μL). Dogs were divided into four groups: (1) anemic (n = 17); (2) thrombocytopenic (n = 36); (3) anemic and thrombocytopenic (n = 24); and (4) healthy controls (n = 26). The prevalence of ophthalmic lesions in these four groups was 12%, 42%, 42% and 0%, respectively. Anemia was not associated with the presence of ocular lesions (P = 0.41) or their severity. Thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with the presence of ocular lesions (P = 0.0016) and with their severity (P = 0.017). We conclude that thrombocytopenia, but not anemia, is associated with ocular lesions in dogs.  相似文献   

The common bean populations from Basilicata (Southern Italy). An evaluation of their variation     

Angela R. Piergiovanni  Domenico Cerbino  Michele Brandi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(5):489-495

The variation within a collection constituted by 36 populations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) recently collected in Basilicata region (Southern Italy) was studied. These populations are cultivated in marginal areas of the region mainly for farms' self-consumption. An appreciable variation of seed shape, colour and type of pattern was observed; 34 populations are of climbing growth habit. The frequency of the phaseolin types within the collection was investigated. C, T and S phaseolin types were observed, the type C being predominant (18 of 36 landraces); intra-population variation was detected only for two landraces. Local populations were compared with 28 commercial cultivars widely grown in the Basilicata region and accounting for 80–90% of common bean production. Significant divergences in growth habit and frequency of phaseolin types were observed: 22 cultivars had bush growth habit and 20 showed T phaseolin type. These results stress the urgency of actions devoted to the safeguard of this local germplasm. In fact, the diffusion of alloctonous and not typical germplasm is the first step towards the erosion of useful or valuable genes present in those established local populations.  相似文献