Real time observation of mouse fetal skeleton using a high resolution X-ray synchrotron     

Dong Woo Chang  Bora Kim  Jae Hoon Shin  Young Min Yun  Jung Ho Je  Yeu kuang Hwu  Jung Hee Yoon  Je Kyung Seong 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(2):107-113

The X-ray synchrotron is quite different from conventional radiation sources. This technique may expand the capabilities of conventional radiology and be applied in novel manners for special cases. To evaluate the usefulness of X-ray synchrotron radiation systems for real time observations, mouse fetal skeleton development was monitored with a high resolution X-ray synchrotron. A non-monochromatized X-ray synchrotron (white beam, 5C1 beamline) was employed to observe the skeleton of mice under anesthesia at embryonic day (E)12, E14, E15, and E18. At the same time, conventional radiography and mammography were used to compare with X-ray synchrotron. After synchrotron radiation, each mouse was sacrificed and stained with Alizarin red S and Alcian blue to observe bony structures. Synchrotron radiation enabled us to view the mouse fetal skeleton beginning at gestation. Synchrotron radiation systems facilitate real time observations of the fetal skeleton with greater accuracy and magnification compared to mammography and conventional radiography. Our results show that X-ray synchrotron systems can be used to observe the fine structures of internal organs at high magnification.  相似文献   

Age-related changes in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunoreactivity and protein level in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region     

Choi JH  Lee CH  Hwang IK  Won MH  Seong JK  Yoon YS  Lee HS  Lee IS 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1131-1136

Microglia are evenly distributed throughout the brain parenchyma. They respond rapidly to a variety of alterations in the microenvironment of the brain and act as sensors for pathological events in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the age-dependent changes in the immunoreactivity and protein level of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), a microglial marker, in the CA1 region of the gerbil hippocampus. Iba-1 immunoreactive microglia were detected in the hippocampal CA1 region of the postnatal month 1 (PM 1) group. Iba-1 positive microglia were morphologically inactive between the PM 1 and PM 12 stages. Some Iba-1 immunoreactive microglia were present in the active form in the hippocampal CA1 region of the PM 18 and PM 24 groups. The Iba-1 protein levels in hippocampal CA1 homogenates were decreased in the PM 1 through PM 6 groups and increased in an age-dependent manner thereafter. These results suggest that Iba-1 immunoreactive microglia in the active form were detected in the hippocampal CA1 region in the PM 18 and PM 24 groups. This result may be associated with an age-dependent susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases associated with the hippocampus.  相似文献   

Immunological study of an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium expressing ApxIA,ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a mouse model     

Jin HUR  Seong Kug EO  Sang-Youel PARK  Yoonyoung CHOI  John Hwa LEE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1693-1696

Salmonella Typhimurium strain expressing the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae antigens, ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA, was previously constructed as a vaccine candidate for porcine pleuropneumonia. This strain was a live attenuated (∆lon∆cpxR∆asd)Salmonella as a delivery host and contained a vector containing asd. An immunological study of lymphocyte proliferation, T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in the splenocytes of a mouse model was carried out after stimulation with the candidate Salmonella Typhimurium by intranasal inoculation. The splenic lymphocyte proliferation and the levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-12 of the inoculated mice were significantly increased, and the T- and B-cell populations were also elevated. Collectively, the candidate may efficiently induce the Th1- and Th2-type immune responses.  相似文献   

Tenderization potential of Hanwoo beef muscles from carcasses with differed genders and loin intramuscular fat content levels during post mortem ageing          下载免费PDF全文

Beom Young Park  Pil Nam Seong  Hoa Van Ba  Kyoung Mi Park  Soo Hyun Cho  Sung Sil Moon  Geun Ho Kang 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(6):646-654

Carcasses from Hanwoo steers (n = 15) and cows (n = 15) were classified into three groups: group 1 (G1), the carcasses had 10% to < 11.5% intramuscular fat (IMF) in loin muscles; group 2 (G2), the carcasses had 13% to < 14.5% IMF in loin muscles; and group 3(G3), the carcasses had 17% to < 18.5% IMF in loin muscles. These were used to evaluate the effects of gender and carcass group on quality traits and Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of Psoas major (PM), Longissimus thoracis (LT), Longissimus lumborum (LL), Longus colli (LC), Supraspinatus (SS), Latissimus dorsi (LAD), Semimembranosus (SM), Quadriceps femoris (QF), Biceps femoris (BF) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles. Our results showed that pH values of LT, LL, LC, BF and QF muscles were lower in steers than in cows (P < 0.05). Water holding capacity (WHC) was found higher in LC, SS, LAD and QF muscles of steers (P < 0.05). At day 2 of ageing, gender affected the WBSF values of only PM, LD and QF muscles in G1, and QF muscle in G3; however, with additional ageing, the gender effect was observed for most of the muscles. Most muscles showed ageing responses; however, the rates of ageing response significantly varied depending on gender and carcass groups. The muscles of G1 and G2 had generally higher tenderization potentials than those of G3. Furthermore, most muscles in G3 had generally lower WBSF values than in G1 and G2. These results clearly indicate that ageing has a significant effect on quality and WBSF of beef muscles, and the classification by loin IMF level may be useful for prediction of the tenderness of other muscles.  相似文献   

Immune responses to oral vaccination with Salmonella-delivered avian pathogenic Escherichia coli antigens and protective efficacy against colibacillosis     

John Hwa Lee  Atul A. Chaudhari  In Gyoung Oh  Seong Kug Eo  Sang-Youel Park  Chetan V. Jawale 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2015,79(3):229-234

In this study, the immune responses to and protective efficacy of a live attenuated Salmonella-delivered vaccine candidate secreting the papA, papG, iutA, and clpG antigens of Escherichia coli were evaluated against infection with avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) in layer chickens. Primary vaccination was done at age 7 d and booster vaccination at age 5 wk. The levels of intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A specific to the 4 antigens were significantly higher in the vaccinated group than in the control group. A potent lymphocyte-proliferation response and increased levels of interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and interleukin-6 in the plasma and in culture supernatants of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes from the vaccinated group suggested significant induction of the cell-mediated immune response in this group compared with the control group. Upon challenge with a virulent APEC strain at 8 wk of age, the vaccinated group had no deaths, whereas the control group had a 15% mortality rate. In addition, the morbidity rate was significantly higher in the control group (55%) than in the vaccinated group (15%). Thus, giving primary and booster vaccination with the Salmonella-delivered APEC vaccine candidate significantly elevated both mucosal and cellular immune responses, which protected the chickens against colibacillosis.  相似文献   

The Fusarium graminearum genome reveals a link between localized polymorphism and pathogen specialization     

Cuomo CA  Güldener U  Xu JR  Trail F  Turgeon BG  Di Pietro A  Walton JD  Ma LJ  Baker SE  Rep M  Adam G  Antoniw J  Baldwin T  Calvo S  Chang YL  Decaprio D  Gale LR  Gnerre S  Goswami RS  Hammond-Kosack K  Harris LJ  Hilburn K  Kennell JC  Kroken S  Magnuson JK  Mannhaupt G  Mauceli E  Mewes HW  Mitterbauer R  Muehlbauer G  Münsterkötter M  Nelson D  O'donnell K  Ouellet T  Qi W  Quesneville H  Roncero MI  Seong KY  Tetko IV  Urban M  Waalwijk C  Ward TJ  Yao J  Birren BW  Kistler HC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5843):1400-1402

We sequenced and annotated the genome of the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum, a major pathogen of cultivated cereals. Very few repetitive sequences were detected, and the process of repeat-induced point mutation, in which duplicated sequences are subject to extensive mutation, may partially account for the reduced repeat content and apparent low number of paralogous (ancestrally duplicated) genes. A second strain of F. graminearum contained more than 10,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were frequently located near telomeres and within other discrete chromosomal segments. Many highly polymorphic regions contained sets of genes implicated in plant-fungus interactions and were unusually divergent, with higher rates of recombination. These regions of genome innovation may result from selection due to interactions of F. graminearum with its plant hosts.  相似文献   

Image analysis of the luster of fabrics with modified cross-section fibers     

Kyung In Shin  Seong Hun Kim  Jong Jun Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2005,6(1):82-88

We have investigated the luster of modified cross-sectional fiber fabrics as one of the essential quality estimates for clothing development. We have confirmed an objective evaluation method, and have determined the experimental luster characteristics of modified cross-section fibers. The cross-section of the fibers in a fabric affects the appearance of a textile. We used the image analysis method to investigate the luster to determine the critical factors influencing the appearance of modified cross-section fiber fabrics. For similarly structured textiles in a component fabric, clear differences were observed in the fabric weave, density, percentage, and total area of blobs, which is image region. Color played a decisive role in the luster of the textiles, and luster was not significantly influenced by the modified cross-section fabric weave. In addition, the degree of luster did not increase in the order plain to twill to satin for modified cross-sectional fiber fabrics. All the split-type microfibers exhibited higher numerical luster values (percentage of pixels, and number and total area of blobs) than sea-island microfibers did. The degree of luster of the modified cross-sectional fiber fabrics was not high at specular reflection angles.  相似文献   

Re-examination of the standard cultivation practices of rice in response to climate change in Korea     

Woonho Yang  Hyeoun Suk Cho  Mihyang Kim  Ki Yeong Seong  Tae Seon Park  Myung Chul Seo  Hang Won Kang 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(2):85-92

The impact of climate change has been simulated or estimated to bring about yield decline and quality deterioration of rice in Korea, a temperate country. To cope with these negative impacts, here we propose likely changes in the standard cultivation practices of rice in consideration of the current information on the progress/prediction of climate change and related physiological aspects of rice. Shifting grain-filling period could be a promising choice to optimize temperature for rice grain-filling, a crucial growth stage to productivity, hence providing rice plants with sufficient duration and solar radiation for the period. This choice, however, shortens days to flowering by the additive combined effects of high temperature by delayed transplanting, temperature rise itself by climate change, and accelerated phase change of rice by high temperature and short day-length. These combined effects may delay the time of transplanting in a great extent, hence reducing biomass accumulation of rice before flowering. In these conditions, recovering decreased biomass production is the key concern for rice productivity. This includes raising healthy seedlings by omitting the covering process, dense planting, and nutrient management to enhance plant’s uptake activity. Current standard water management, especially mid-term drainage and intermittent irrigation, would have more importance in the future since they mitigate methane emission from the paddy. Field monitoring for weeds and pests would be an important first step to identify newly developing or thriving species for establishing subsequent controlling strategies. Earlier weed control should be emphasized through adjusting time of herbicide application.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial Property of 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid Isolated from Citrus microcarpa Extract     

Seong Wei Lee  Musa Najiah 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2009,8(7):880-886

This article described antimicrobial property and structure analysis of 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid isolated from the crude extract of Citrus microcarpa. Presently, there was no report on compound from C. microcarpa that possessed antimicrobial property against fish pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in this study, the bioactive principle in C. microcarpa extract was isolated using thin layer chromatography. It＇s structure was elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopic data, such as proton NMR （1HNMR）, correlation spectroscopy, carbon 13 NMR, and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation data. This study showed that the bioactive compound isolated from C. microcarpa was 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid monohydrate. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） values of crude C. microcarpa extract and its bioactive component, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as well as commercially available synthetic 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, were determined against 18 isolates of Edwardsiella tarda and 7 bacterial reference strains, namely, Escherichia coli （ATCC 25922）, Citrobacter freundii （ATCC 8090）, Aeromonas hydrophila （ATCC 49140）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ATCC 35032）, Streptococcus agalatiae （ATCC 13813）, E. tarda （ATCC 15947）, and Yersinia enterocolitica （ATCC 23715）, using two-fold microdilution method. The MIC values for both the natural 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid and the synthetic one were ranging from 15.6 to 62.5 mg mL-1, whereas that of the crude extract was ranging from 7.8 to 31.3 mg mL-1. These findings showed that both the crude extract and its bioactive component might have potential as antimicrobial agent for aquaculture use.  相似文献   

Objective wrinkle evaluation system of fabrics based on 2D FFT     

Chul Jin Choi  Heung Jae Kim  Yong Cheol Jin  Han Seong Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(2):260-265

Drying is one of the main processes in the course of washing laundry. During the washing and drying processes in an electric or gas dryer, wrinkles can form on garments. To minimize the wrinkles on the clothes after the processes, a reliable and objective method of assessment of wrinkles should be devised. Wrinkles have been assessed with visual inspection methods by human observers, which were defined by AHAM or AATCC. This method cannot provide objective data for wrinkles because people judge the same things differently according to their own subjective criteria. Thus, this paper is focused on the development of an objective and quantitative system for grading fabric wrinkles based on the 2D-FFT. The system developed in this study has been proven to be objective and quantitative in comparison with the existing test methods.  相似文献