Grouping patterns of rainfed winter wheat test locations and the role of climatic variables     

Roostaei  Mozaffar  Jafarzadeh  Jaffar  Roohi  Ebrahim  Nazary  Hossein  Rajabi  Rahman  Haghparast  Reza  Mohammadi  Reza  Abediasl  Gholam Reza  Khalilzadeh  Gholam Reza  Seif  Fereshteh  Mirfatah  Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi 《Euphytica》2021,217(9):1-1

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a member of genus Potyvirus, which causes worldwide soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield loss and seed quality deterioration. It is of great significance to find new resistance loci and genes for cultivation of soybean variety. In the present study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) panel, which contained 193 lines and 379 germplasms, respectively, were used for QTL mapping of resistance to SMV. Linkage mapping identified a major QTL, qSMV13, on chromosome 13, conferring resistance to SMV SC3 and SC7 strains, explaining phenotypic variations 71.21 and 76.59?%, respectively. The QTL qSMV13 was located close to the known SMV resistance loci Rsv1-h. GWAS analysis revealed five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with resistance to SC3 on chromosomes 2, 11, 13, 14 and 16. One of the SNP markers, ss715614844, was the right flanking marker of qSMV13. Combining linkage mapping and GWAS analysis enabled us to delimit qSMV13 in a 97.2-kb genomic region containing seven genes. A LRR-RLK protein was proposed as the candidate gene of qSMV13. These results provided selection markers and candidate genes for SMV resistance in soybean molecular breeding programs.

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Strategic use of Iranian bread wheat landrace accessions for genetic improvement: Core set formulation and validation     

Prashant Vikram  Jorge Franco  Juan Burgueo  Huihui Li  Deepmala Sehgal  Carolina Saint‐Pierre  Cynthia Ortiz  Vaibhav Kumar Singh  Clay Sneller  Achla Sharma  Maria Tattaris  Carlos Guzman  Javier Pena  Carolina Paola Sansaloni  Jaime Amador Campos Serna  Karthikeyan Thiyagarajan  Guillermo Fuentes Davila  Matthew Reynolds  Kai Sonder  Velu Govindan  Marc Ellis  Sridhar Bhavani  Mohammad R. Jalal Kamali  Mozaffar Roosatei  Sanjay Singh  Daisy Basandrai  Navtej Singh Bains  Ashwani Basandrai  Thomas Payne  Jos Crossa  Sukhwinder Singh 《Plant Breeding》2021,140(1):87-99

Iranian wheat landrace accessions (IWAs) were collected from country‐wide farm fields and market places in 1935 by a professor at the University of Tehran and shared with University of California at Davis, California. IWAs were further submitted to the genebank of International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico. 2,403 IWAs from CIMMYT’s genebank were assayed by DArT‐seq technology to assess genetic diversity. No apparent ecogeographic patterns related to genetic diversity were detected, probably due to long‐term transport and frequent interchange of landraces among farmers. A multivariate clustering procedure combining genotypic and phenotypic information was used in selecting a core‐set, which represented 15% of the hexaploid wheat accessions included in this study. This subset captured an estimated 93% of rare (frequency <0.05) alleles. Multisite phenotypic data (India, Mexico) validated the ability of the core‐set in detecting useful variants. Potential donor accessions for multiple traits (disease resistance, zinc concentration) were identified from the core‐set for wheat‐breeding. This report illustrates a breeder friendly robust core‐set formulation strategy for harnessing the useful genetic variation stored in the genebanks.  相似文献   

The Level of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition Autophosphorylation is Correlated with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Migration     

Negin Taghehchian  Meysam Moghbeli  Baratali Mashkani  Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(4):243

Background:The MET receptor is a critical member of cancer-associated RTKs and plays an important role in different biological activities, including differentiation, migration, and cell proliferation. Methods:In this study, novel MET inhibitors were introduced and applied on esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line KYSE-30, and the level of proliferation and migration, as well as the activated form of MET receptor protein were assessed in the examined cells. The human KYSE-30 cell line was cultured according to ATCC recommendations. The mRNA level of the MET gene was measured in the examined cell line using the quantitative RT-PCR assay. Cytotoxicity evaluation test was performed at different concentrations of heterocyclic anti-MET compounds (i.e. D1, D2, D5, D6, D7, and D8). Finally, the capability of these compounds in MET receptor inhibition was evaluated using the migration assay and Western blot. All experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times with similar results. Results:Cell growth and proliferation were significantly inhibited (p ≤ 0.05) by all the above-mentioned compounds. Moreover, the majority of compounds significantly prevented the cell migration (p ≤ 0.05) and inhibited MET autophosphorylation. Interestingly, the level of phosphorylated MET was significantly correlated with KYSE-30 cell migration. Conclusion:The obtained data introduced and confirmed the biological activities of the mentioned novel compounds in KYSE-30 cells and proposed that the therapeutic inhibition of MET with these compounds may be a powerful approach for inhibiting cancer cell migration and proliferation although some structural optimizations are needed to improve their inhibitory functions. Key Words: c-MET, Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Receptor tyrosine kinases  相似文献   

Genetic diversity of rice germplasm (Oryza sativa L.) of java island,Indonesia     

Karimah  Addieni Zulfa  Siswoyo  Tri Agus  Kim  Kyung Min  Ubaidillah  Mohammad 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(1):93-101

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - The role of genetic diversity in crop germplasm is an important concept within genetic conservation. In this research, 43 accessions were analyzed at the...  相似文献   

Changes in microbial biomass after continuous application of azolla and rice straw in soil     

Abul Kalam Mohammad Azmal  Takuya Marumoto  Haruo Shindo  Masaya Nishiyama 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):811-818

A model experiment was conducted under tropical conditions with a view to evaluating the changes in microbial biomass and nutrient dynamics in upland soil through the continuous application of azolla and rice straw (2 g C kg^-1 soil per each application). Flush decomposition of C was observed immediately after each application and the rate of mineralization did not change appreciably during this period. After flush decomposition, the rate of C mineralization from azolla was higher than that from rice straw until 9 to 13 weeks after each application and thereafter the mineralization rate was similar. The amount of inorganic N released from azolla increased following each application, whereas inorganic N in rice straw plot was immediately immobilized and the rate of immobilization increased until the 3rd application and did not increase further after the 4th application. The amounts of biomass C and N increased immediately after residue incorporation, reached the maximum level one week after each application and declined thereafter. Maximum biomass formation increased until the 2nd application and then the level remained constant. Maximum biomass N formation was higher in azolla than in rice straw after the 1st application, but after repeated applications, the difference became less pronounced: Continuous increase in biomass in a certain week after each application was observed, probably because of the cumulative effects of the previous applications. The increase suggests that continuous application of organic materials may enable to improve the amount of soil microbial biomass.  相似文献   

Abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to soil salinity around Lake Urmia in northern Iran analyzed by use of lipid biomarkers and microscopy     

Mohsen Barin  Nasser Aliasgharzad  Pål Axel Olsson  MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani  Mohammad Moghddam 《Pedobiologia》2013,56(4-6):225-232

Saline soils around Lake Urmia in northern Iran constitute a stressed environment for plants and microbial communities, including arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Soil and root samples were collected from fields cultivated with the glycophytes Allium cepa L. and Medicago sativa L., and sites dominated by the halophyte Salicornia europaea L. Soil and root samples were analyzed for the AM fungal signature neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1ω5. The roots were also examined microscopically for mycorrhizal colonization. Each plant species was sampled across a salt gradient. Microscopic examination showed no AM fungal structures in the roots of S. europaea. The highest root colonization was recorded for M. sativa. The highest NLFA 16:1ω5 values were found in soil around M. sativa roots and the lowest in soil around S. europaea roots. We found evidence for stimulation of vesicle formation at moderate salinity levels in M. sativa, which is an indication of increased carbon allocation to mycorrhiza. On the other hand, we found a negative correlation between salinity and arbuscule formation in A. cepa, which may indicate a less functional symbiosis in saline soils.  相似文献   

Influence of Mineral Nutrients on Growth,Yield, Berry Quality,and Petiole Mineral Nutrient Concentrations of Table Grape     

Mohammad E. Amiri  Esmaeil Fallahi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):463-470

The effect of various combination of macro (N, Mg, and K) and micronutrients (Fe and Zn) on yield, fruit quality, and tissue mineral concentrations of an important commercial table grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera cv. Bidaneh Qermez) was studied over three growing seasons of 1999–2001. Yield, fruit set, cluster weight, cluster number, berry size and quality attributes (soluble solid concentrations, pH, K-skin) were influenced by N, K, Mg, Fe, and Zn applications. Potassium application increased cluster number and weight, which resulted in a significant increase in the yield. Potassium influenced berry quality attributes more than other applied mineral elements. Yield was positively correlated to the soil total N at 30–60 cm depth. Nitrogen application increased growth of the main and lateral canes. Soil N did not correlate strongly with tissue N status.  相似文献   

Influence of Foliar and Ground Fertilization on Yield,Fruit Quality,and Soil,Leaf, and Fruit Mineral Nutrients in Apple     

Mohammad E. Amiri  Esmaeil Fallahi  Ahmad Golchin 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):515-525

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of nitrogen (N)+ zinc (Zn) soil and foliar fertilizer applications on growth, yield, and quality of apple (Malus domestic Borkh ‘Golden Delicious’) fruit was studied in the Zanjan province, Iran. There were eight treatments 1) control (no fertilizer), 2) soil applied N, 3) soil applied Zn, 4) soil applied N+Zn, 5) foliar applied N, 6) foliar applied Zn, 7) foliar applied N+Zn and 8) combined soil and foliar applied N+Zn. The N source was urea [CO(NH₂)₂, 46% N] applied at 276 N tree^{? 1} yr^?1 and the Zn source was zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄,7H₂0, 23% Zn) applied at 110 g Zn tree^{? 1} yr^{? 1}. The soil treatments of N and Zn, were applied every two weeks during June through August (total of 6 times/year) in a 1 m radius around the tree trunk (drip line of trees). The foliar solutions of N (10 g l^{? 1} urea) and Zn [8 g l^{? 1} zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄)] were sprayed at the rate of 10 L tree^{? 1} every two weeks at the same times as described for soil applications. The highest yield (49 kg tree^{? 1}), and the heaviest fruits (202 g) were obtained in the soil and foliar combination of N+Zn treatment. The lowest yield (35 kg tree^{? 1}), and the smallest fruits (175 g) were recorded in the control. Nitrogen, and to a lesser extent Zn, foliar application resulted in decreasing fruit quality (caused russeting, and lower soluble solid), but increasing N leaf and fruit concentrations (2.4% DW and 563 mg kg^{? 1}, respectively). There were significant differences among yield and leaf mineral nutrient concentration in different treatments. But there was no significant difference between fruit mineral nutrient concentration (except N). Ratio of N/calcium (Ca), potassium (K)/Ca, and [magnesium (Mg)+K]/Ca in fruits were found suitable for fruit quality prediction. Combining the zinc sulfate with urea in the foliar applications increased the concentration of Zn from 0.7 to 1.5 mg per kg of apple tissue. Leaf N concentration varied during growth season. Foliar applied nutrient can be more efficient than soil applied, but a combination of soil and foliar applications is recommended for apple tree nutrient management.  相似文献   

Effect of salinity and silicon on root characteristics,growth, water status,proline content and ion accumulation of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)     

Mohammad Kafi  Zainab Rahimi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):341-347

Abstract

A significant part of potentially mineralizable organic nitrogen (N) in soil comprises microbial cells (Bonde et al. 1988). Since the major part of organic N in cow dung also consists of microbial biomass N (Marsh and Campling 1970), it may be worth comparing the origin and the successive processes of N mineralisation in cow dung with those in soil. We studied the effect of the dung beetle, Onthophagus lenzii H., on the decomposition of cow dung and found that the dung beetle played a significant role in this process (Yokoyama et al. 1990). We employed, here, the acid hydrolysis method to analyze the effect of the dung beetle on N transformation in dung balls and residual cow dung.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF ORGANIC AMENDMENTS APPLICATION ON GRAIN YIELD,LEAF CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT AND SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN SOYBEAN CULTIVARS     

Hemmatollah Pirdashti  Alaleh Motaghian  Mohammad Ali Bahmanyar 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):485-495

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic amendments on grain yield, leaf chlorophyll content, and some morphological characteristics of three soybean cultivars in Mazandaran province located at north of Iran in 2006. Chemical fertilizer (75 kg ha^?1 potassium sulfate and triple superphosphate), two levels of municipal solid waste, vermicompost and sewage sludge biosolid (20 and 40 Mg ha^?1) enriched with%50 chemical fertilizers needed by soil were applied to soybean cultivars (‘032’ and ‘033’ promising lines and ‘JK’ cultivar). The experiment was carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Some important plant characters such as grain yield, leaf chlorophyll content, number of branches, number of nodes on the main stem, length of internodes, stem diameter, first pod height and plant height were determined. Results showed that application of 40 Mg ha^?1 sewage sludge enriched with chemical fertilizers increased plant grain yield and stem diameter and application of 40 Mg ha^?1 vermicompost enriched with half chemical fertilizer increased the number of nodes on the main stem, significantly. The maximum length of internodes, first pod height and plant height were obtained when the 40 Mg ha^?1 sewage sludge and vermicompost enriched with half chemical fertilizer in ‘032’ line was used. Biomass, number of branches, stem diameter, number of nodes on the main stem of soybean cultivars had a positive and significant correlation with grain yield.  相似文献