Molecular characterization and PCR detection of a nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas strain promoting rice growth     

M. Sajjad Mirza  Samina Mehnaz  Philippe Normand  Claire Prigent-Combaret  Yvan Moënne-Loccoz  René Bally  Kauser A. Malik 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,43(2):163-170

Nitrogen-fixing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from the genus Pseudomonas have received little attention so far. In the present study, a nitrogen-fixing phytohormone-producing bacterial isolate from kallar grass (strain K1) was identified as Pseudomonas sp. by rrs (16S ribosomal RNA gene) sequence analysis. rrs identity level was high with an uncharacterized marine bacterium (99%), Pseudomonas sp. PCP2 (98%), uncultured bacteria (98%), and Pseudomonas alcaligenes (97%). Partial nifH gene amplified from strain K1 showed 93% and 91% sequence similarities to those of Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas stutzeri, respectively. The effect of Pseudomonas strain K1 on rice varieties Super Basmati and Basmati 385 was compared with those of three non-Pseudomonas nitrogen-fixing PGPR (Azospirillum brasilense strain Wb3, Azospirillum lipoferum strain N4 and Zoogloea strain Ky1) used as single-strain inoculants. Pseudomonas sp. K1 was detected in the rhizosphere of inoculated plants by enrichment culture in nitrogen-free growth medium, which was followed by observation under the microscope as well as by PCR using a rrs-specific primer. For both rice varieties, an increase in shoot biomass and/or grain yield over that of noninoculated control plants was recorded in each inoculated treatment. The effect of Pseudomonas strain K1 on grain yield was comparable to those of A. brasilense Wb3 and Zoogloea sp. Ky1 for both rice varieties. These results show that nitrogen-fixing pseudomonads deserve attention as potential PGPR inoculants for rice.  相似文献   

Soybean glycinin subunits: Characterization of physicochemical and adhesion properties   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mo X  Zhong Z  Wang D  Sun X 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7589-7593

Soybean proteins have shown great potential for applications as renewable and environmentally friendly adhesives. The objective of this work was to study physicochemical and adhesion properties of soy glycinin subunits. Soybean glycinin was extracted from soybean flour and then fractionated into acidic and basic subunits with an estimated purity of 90 and 85%, respectively. Amino acid composition of glycinin subunits was determined. The high hydrophobic amino acid content is a major contributor to the solubility behavior and water resistance of the basic subunits. Acidic subunits and glycinin had similar solubility profiles, showing more than 80% solubility at pH 2.0-4.0 or 6.5-12.0, whereas basic subunits had considerably lower solubility with the minimum at pH 4.5-8.0. Thermal analysis using a differential scanning calorimeter suggested that basic subunits form new oligomeric structures with higher thermal stability than glycinin but no highly ordered structures present in isolated acidic subunits. The wet strength of basic subunits was 160% more than that of acidic subunits prepared at their respective isoelectric points (pI) and cured at 130 degrees C. Both pH and the curing temperature significantly affected adhesive performance. High-adhesion water resistance was usually observed for adhesives from protein prepared at their pI values and cured at elevated temperatures. Basic subunits are responsible for the water resistance of glycinin and are a good starting material for the development of water-resistant adhesives.  相似文献   

Grazing intensity alters soil respiration in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Guangmin Cao  Wenhong Mo  Yingnian Li 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2004,36(2):237-243

Grazing intensity may alter the soil respiration rate in grassland ecosystems. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the influence of grazing intensity on temporal variations in soil respiration of an alpine meadow on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau; and (2) characterise the temperature response of soil respiration under different grazing intensities. Diurnal and seasonal soil respiration rates were measured for two alpine meadow sites with different grazing intensities. The light grazing (LG) meadow site had a grazing intensity of 2.55 sheep ha⁻¹, while the grazing intensity of the heavy grazing (HG) meadow site, 5.35 sheep ha⁻¹, was approximately twice that of the LG site. Soil respiration measurements showed that CO₂ efflux was almost twice as great at the LG site as at the HG site during the growing season, but the diurnal and seasonal patterns of soil respiration rate were similar for the two sites. Both exhibited the highest annual soil respiration rate in mid-August and the lowest in January. Soil respiration rate was highly dependent on soil temperature. The Q₁₀ value for annual soil respiration was lower for the HG site (2.75) than for the LG site (3.22). Estimates of net ecosystem CO₂ exchange from monthly measurements of biomass and soil respiration revealed that during the period from May 1998 to April 1999, the LG site released 2040 g CO₂ m⁻² y⁻¹ to the atmosphere, which was about one third more than the 1530 g CO₂ m⁻² y⁻¹ released at the HG site. The results suggest that (1) grazing intensity alters not only soil respiration rate, but also the temperature dependence of soil CO₂ efflux; and (2) soil temperature is the major environmental factor controlling the temporal variation of soil respiration rate in the alpine meadow ecosystem.  相似文献   

菜心对邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)吸收途径的初步研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

曾巧云  莫测辉  蔡全英  王伯光 《农业工程学报》2005,21(8):137-141

采用玻璃室处理和污染土壤覆盖原土壤来控制PAEs来源进行盆栽试验，应用GC/MS联机检测技术初步研究了菜心对PAEs的吸收途径。结果表明：污染土壤处理与污染土壤上覆盖原土壤处理相比，前者菜心茎叶中DBP和DEHP的含量均高于后者，但相差不大，表明菜心茎叶可以吸收污染土壤中挥发出来的DBP和DEHP，而根系吸收运移是菜心茎叶中DBP和DEHP的主要来源途径。玻璃室处理增加了菜心茎叶和根系中DBP的含量，而对DEHP的影响趋势不明显。DBP与DEHP相比，前者更易被菜心根系吸收并向地上部(茎叶)运移，后者主要滞留在根部。  相似文献   

模拟降雨格局变化对虎尾草分株和根系特征的影响     

杨林  陈默  李海燕  杨允菲 《草业学报》2021,30(1):181-188

作为全球气候变化的重要组成部分,降雨格局变化能够对各类植物产生不同的影响.虎尾草为退化盐碱草地恢复的主要先锋种植物之一,降雨格局变化如何影响其分株和根系等特征对于全球变化背景下退化盐碱地的生态恢复至关重要.本研究通过人工模拟降雨格局变化试验,设置了3个降水量(减少30％、不变、增加30％)和2个降雨间隔(1、2d),研...  相似文献   

甘蔗脱毒健康种苗生产试验初报   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曾慧  游建华  李松  莫磊兴  刘红坚 《广西农学报》2005,(3):32-36,28

甘蔗脱毒健康种苗与常规种植田间比较试验表明,在新植连作时,无论是否是健康种苗繁殖的后代,每萑都进行热水脱毒处理,其效果大于传统的常规种植,桂糖11号蔗茎增幅45．28％～51．19％,拔地拉蔗茎增幅61．49％～66．22％：而且每萑下种前的种茎都进行热水处理后种植比前萑健康种苗种植出的种茎不再进行热水处理就直接下种效果好,桂糖11号蔗茎增幅2．92％～6．78％,拔地拉蔗茎增幅0．48％～0．66％;而后者又比传统常规种植方法好,桂糖儿号蔗茎增幅38．50％48．27％,拔地拉蔗茎增幅61．01％～65．56％。上一萑已做过热水处理、茎尖脱毒组培苗种植,新植一年后的宿根蔗桂糖11号蔗茎增幅也比对照高32．05％～40．86％。各个处理的蔗糖分均比对照有所提高,增幅0．91％～1．71％(绝对值)。  相似文献   

广西蚕桑市场预测及发展规划布局     

莫明荣  陆耀邦  杨庆连 《广西农学报》2006,22(2):50-52

采用多元回归分析预测广西2010年和2015年桑园面积和鲜茧产量。预测结果:2010年广西桑园面积可发展到10.3万hm2,鲜茧产量16.3万吨;2011年后桑园面积不再增加,宜控制在10.3万hm2,2015年鲜茧产量可发展到19.7万吨。通过比较分析,提出了此期间广西蚕桑发展规划布局。  相似文献   

论农业文化遗产保护与美丽乡村建设——以云南为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

曹茂  莫力  杨玲 《农学学报》2020,10(8):89-94

党的十九大提出了乡村振兴战略,美丽乡村是农业文明的重要体现,是中华民族的文化根脉和精神家园。云南有着丰厚的农业文化遗产,本文从农业文化遗产地村落景观保护、特有农作物品种保护和加大农业文化遗产宣传保护等层面,提出了挖掘云南农业文化遗产及建设云南美丽乡村的对策建议。  相似文献   

防治红火蚁触杀型药剂的筛选   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

陈焕瑜  冯夏  吕利华  刘杰  周小毛  莫严 《广东农业科学》2006,(5):28-30

测定了9种杀虫剂的触杀活性和其中8种药剂对红火蚁工蚁的致死中浓度,触杀活性测试表明,48%毒死蜱对工蚁的击倒速度和致死率均高,药后0.5 h工蚁死亡率达100%;氨基甲酸酯类药剂药后8 h工蚁的被击倒率达100%;5%氟虫腈10 000倍和10%溴虫腈10 000倍药液处理后工蚁的被击倒速度低,但药后24 h工蚁死亡率达100%;高效氯氰菊酯和杀虫双对工蚁的毒性是可恢复的。毒力测试表明,98%杀螟丹对红火蚁毒力最强,其次是10%溴虫腈和48%毒死蜱,而有机磷类的敌敌畏和氨基甲酸酯类的丁硫克百威毒力表现较差,拟除虫菊酯类的高效氯氰菊酯表现一般。试验结果表明,氟虫腈、溴虫腈、毒死蜱、杀螟丹等药剂可被推荐用于野外红火蚁的灌巢防治。  相似文献   

裸小鼠繁殖群自发性肿瘤发病情况的研究     

黄培根  沈淑静  莫梅英  李飞虹 《湛江医学院学报》1993,(Z1)

对本室六年中饲养于SPF条件下的466只NC系裸鼠繁殖群动物的自发性肿瘤发病情况进行了观察研究,其中纯合子鼠(雄nu/nu)164只,杂合子鼠(雌,un/+)302只。每只动物平均观察时间均达7个月以上,淘汰时均经详细解剖学检查,检出病变者进行病理组织学及透射电镜观察确诊。多数肿瘤病例结合裸鼠间可移植性鉴定.共检出自发性肿瘤7例,发生于纯合子裸鼠5例,杂合子鼠2例。结果表明,在相同饲养环境下,裸鼠(雄,nu/nu)的自发性肿瘤发病率(3.04％)比其同系有胸腺杂合子鼠(雌,nu/+)(0.66％)明显增高(P<0.05),且前者的平均发瘤鼠龄比后者为短,其自发瘤以恶性上皮性肿瘤为主。结果支持了免疫功能缺陷的裸鼠比其同系免疫功能正常鼠有更高的自发性肿瘤的观点。作者还提出了评价裸鼠群体自发性肿瘤发病率的方法.  相似文献