Molecular characterization of allelic variations at Pina and Pinb loci in Shandong wheat landraces, historical and current cultivars     

Genying Li  Zhonghu He  Morten Lillemo  Qixin Sun  Xianchun Xia   《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,47(3):510-517

  相似文献   

Evaluation of strategies to optimize training populations for genomic prediction in oat (Avena sativa)     

Espen Sannes Sørensen  Constantin Jansen  Susanne Windju  Jose Crossa  Anna Kristina Sonesson  Morten Lillemo  Muath Alsheikh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(1):41-53

Genomic selection is a promising breeding methodology that could increase selection accuracy and intensity and reduce generation interval. As the cost of genotyping decreases, it will be important to optimize training populations for costly phenotypic experiments for many complex traits. The aim of this research was to evaluate different optimization strategies, by using historical data from the Norwegian oat breeding programme at Graminor. In this paper, we focus on the optimization criteria: genetic diversity, phenotypic variance and genetic similarity between the training and testing populations. The four training population strategies—prediction core, diversity core, phenotypic selection and random selection—were applied to an oat candidate population of 1124 lines. An independent testing population was used to calculate the mean prediction abilities for the traits days to heading and plant height. Moreover, the strategies were tested in three independent wheat populations. The results showed that prediction core was the most promising strategy to select training populations with high genetic similarity to the testing set, high genetic diversity, and high phenotypic variance, which resulted in higher prediction ability across population sizes and traits.  相似文献   

Detection of Glycoalkaloids and Chlorophyll in Potatoes (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum tuberosum</Emphasis> L.) by Hyperspectral Imaging     

Anders Kjær  Glenn Nielsen  Søren Stærke  Morten Rahr Clausen  Merete Edelenbos  Bjarke Jørgensen 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(6):573-582

The purpose of the study was to investigate the use of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to detect and quantify chlorophyll (Chl) and total glycoalkaloid concentrations (TGA) in potatoes. To create a set of tubers with different concentrations of Chl and TGA, potatoes of four varieties were wounded or treated with red, blue, red/blue, UV-a, UV-b or UV-c light. HSI analyses were performed with a reflection based setup implemented in an industrial potato sorting machine. After hyperspectral analyses, the peel was sampled, and concentrations of Chl and total TGA were determined. Results showed that the HSI system predicted the concentrations of Chl with a relatively high degree of accuracy, and a prediction R² value of 0.92. Prediction of TGA concentrations performed to a much lesser extent, and the overall prediction R² value was only 0.21. Moderate soil covers only affected the prediction powers to a minor degree.  相似文献   

Adding Additional Value to Your Products     

Morten Sivertsvik 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2019,28(3)

  相似文献   

Thermal degradation of onion quercetin glucosides under roasting conditions     

Rohn S  Buchner N  Driemel G  Rauser M  Kroh LW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(4):1568-1573

Flavonoids are an important constituent of the human diet. In recent years, they have gained much attention due to their physiological properties, leading to an enormous increase in research on cancer prevention and reduction of cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, there is limited information about the fate of flavonoid glycosides during thermal treatment such as cooking, frying, roasting, etc. Such processing techniques may have an impact on the flavonoid structure, resulting in changes of the bioavailability and activity of the flavonoids. In this study, the stability of selected model and onion quercetin glycosides under roasting conditions (180 degrees C) was determined. The influence of the kind and position of the sugar moiety was investigated. As onions contain large amounts of quercetin glycosides and are often subject to thermal processes in food production, their major glycosides were isolated using counter current chromatography and roasted. The thermal treatment led to a degradation of the quercetin glycosides. The main product is the aglycone quercetin, which remained stable during further roasting. During the roasting process of the quercetin diglucoside isolated from onion, the formation of a monoglycoside as an intermediate product was observed. This underlined that the stability of the glycosides is dependent on the kind and position of the sugar moiety.  相似文献   

Glacial survival of boreal trees in northern Scandinavia     

Parducci L  Jørgensen T  Tollefsrud MM  Elverland E  Alm T  Fontana SL  Bennett KD  Haile J  Matetovici I  Suyama Y  Edwards ME  Andersen K  Rasmussen M  Boessenkool S  Coissac E  Brochmann C  Taberlet P  Houmark-Nielsen M  Larsen NK  Orlando L  Gilbert MT  Kjær KH  Alsos IG  Willerslev E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6072):1083-1086

It is commonly believed that trees were absent in Scandinavia during the last glaciation and first recolonized the Scandinavian Peninsula with the retreat of its ice sheet some 9000 years ago. Here, we show the presence of a rare mitochondrial DNA haplotype of spruce that appears unique to Scandinavia and with its highest frequency to the west-an area believed to sustain ice-free refugia during most of the last ice age. We further show the survival of DNA from this haplotype in lake sediments and pollen of Tr?ndelag in central Norway dating back ~10,300 years and chloroplast DNA of pine and spruce in lake sediments adjacent to the ice-free And?ya refugium in northwestern Norway as early as ~22,000 and 17,700 years ago, respectively. Our findings imply that conifer trees survived in ice-free refugia of Scandinavia during the last glaciation, challenging current views on survival and spread of trees as a response to climate changes.  相似文献   

Mechanism of voltage gating in potassium channels     

Jensen MØ  Jogini V  Borhani DW  Leffler AE  Dror RO  Shaw DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6078):229-233

The mechanism of ion channel voltage gating-how channels open and close in response to voltage changes-has been debated since Hodgkin and Huxley's seminal discovery that the crux of nerve conduction is ion flow across cellular membranes. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we show how a voltage-gated potassium channel (KV) switches between activated and deactivated states. On deactivation, pore hydrophobic collapse rapidly halts ion flow. Subsequent voltage-sensing domain (VSD) relaxation, including inward, 15-angstrom S4-helix motion, completes the transition. On activation, outward S4 motion tightens the VSD-pore linker, perturbing linker-S6-helix packing. Fluctuations allow water, then potassium ions, to reenter the pore; linker-S6 repacking stabilizes the open pore. We propose a mechanistic model for the sodium/potassium/calcium voltage-gated ion channel superfamily that reconciles apparently conflicting experimental data.  相似文献   

Somatic in vitro culture response of Lolium perenne L.: genetic effects and correlations with anther culture   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Annette Olesen  Morten Storgaard  Sten Madsen  Sven Bode Andersen 《Euphytica》1995,86(3):199-209

Summary Genotypic effects on callus induction and plant regeneration in callus, suspension and protoplast culture, and their correlations with both phenotypic and GCA-values for anther culture response, were studied using 21 genotypes of perennial ryegrass. Differences between genotypes accounted for approximately 40% of the total variation for callus induction and initial callus growth, and 59 and 83% of the variation in callus culture for regeneration percentage and percentage of green plants. Effects of genotypes were less pronounced in suspension culture, where suspensions from the same genotype often behaved differently. Some suspension cultures retained their capacity for green plant regeneration for almost two years, repeatedly producing 80–100% green regenerants during this period. Genotypes with high regeneration percentage and a large proportion of green plants from callus culture were also superior in suspension culture for both regeneration performance and longevity. Regeneration percentage and percentage of green plants were uncorrelated, and probably under different genetic control. While capacity for green plant formation from the different genotypes showed no correlation between anther culture and somatic in vitro culture, a positive correlation was observed between the regeneration percentages in somatic in vitro culture and anther culture (r=0.44^*–0.85^***), suggesting some common genetic control of the two systems.  相似文献   

Suspension culture performance in commercial varieties of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annette Olesen  Morten Storgaard  Sten Madsen 《Euphytica》1996,88(2):151-157

Summary Suspension culture performance in commercial varieties of perennial ryegrass was studied to assess the effect of variety on suspension culture response and plant regeneration. 179 suspension cultures were established from embryos of mature seeds of 21 varieties and one breeding population. Of these, 123 suspensions were morphogenic (21 varieties) and 66 suspensions (18 varieties) regenerated green plants. A number of suspension lines, originating from two different suspensions, retained the capacity for green plant formation for almost four years. Replicates performed with seed lots of different ages indicated that suspensions initiated from young seeds (1 year) were of better quality than suspensions initiated from older seeds (2–4 years). Varieties differed in their capacity to form morphogenic suspensions and suspensions capable of regenerating green plants, although the effect of variety was relatively small. It was concluded that responsive genotypes can be found within most varieties of Lolium perenne.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effects of feeding with carrots or (-)-falcarinol on development of azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat colon   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kobaek-Larsen M  Christensen LP  Vach W  Ritskes-Hoitinga J  Brandt K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(5):1823-1827

The effects of intake of dietary amounts of carrot or corresponding amounts of (-)-(3R)-falcarinol from carrots on development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon preneoplastic lesions were examined in male BDIX rats. Three groups of eight AOM-treated rats were fed the standard rat feed Altromin supplemented with either 10% (w/w) freeze-dried carrots with a natural content of 35 mug falcarinol/g, 10% maize starch to which was added 35 mug falcarinol/g purified from carrots, or 10% maize starch (control). After 18 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the colon was examined for tumors and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), which were classified into four size classes. Although the number of small ACF was unaffected by the feeding treatments, the numbers of lesions as a function of increasing size class decreased significantly in the rats that received one of the two experimental treatments, as compared with the control treatment. This indicates that the dietary treatments with carrot and falcarinol delayed or retarded the development of large ACF and tumors. The present study provides a new perspective on the known epidemiological associations between high intake of carrots and reduced incidence of cancers.  相似文献