Geochemistry of Tungsten and Arsenic in Aquifer Systems: A Comparative Study of Groundwaters from West Bengal, India, and Nevada, USA     

T. Jade Mohajerin  Andrew W. Neal  Katherine Telfeyan  Sankar M. Sasihharan  Sophie Ford  Ningfang Yang  Darren A. Chevis  Deborah A. Grimm  Saugata Datta  Christopher D. White  Karen H. Johannesson 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(1):1-19

The objective of the current study was to estimate the dose in human tissues after inhalation exposure to airborne particulate matter-bound metals at a landfill site. Field measurements have revealed that the 8-h permissible exposure limit set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration for particulate matter (PM₁₀) was not exceeded for the working personnel at an outdoor weighing facility in the Akrotiri landfill (Chania, Greece). However, PM₁₀ concentrations were exceeding the EU health protection standards (50 μg/m³). Furthermore, dust emanating from landfill operations contains traces of heavy metals due to the nature of materials (e.g., sludge, batteries) which have been deposited over the lifetime of the landfill. In addition, particulate matter-bound metals concentrations at the landfill are enhanced by refuse truck emissions (e.g., exhaust, tire wear dust, brake wear dust, road surface wear dust and resuspension of deposited PM on a road surface) and resuspension from the surface of the composting site. Estimations of particle-bound metals dose in the human body were performed for arsenite (AS^III), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The Exposure Dose Model (ExDoM) in conjunction with a Physiologically Based PharmacoKinetic (PBPK) model was applied to determine the dose for an adult Caucasian male worker. The ExDoM was used to estimate the human exposure and the deposition, dose, clearance, retention of particulate matter-bound metals in the human respiratory tract and the mass transferred to the gastrointestinal tract and blood. The PBPK model was developed to describe the movement of metals from the blood into the tissues as a blood-flow-limited model. The results showed that after 1 day of exposure to PM_AsIII, the major accumulation occurs in the lung, muscle and liver. In addition, for PM_Pb, the major accumulation occurs in the bone, blood and muscle whereas as regard PM_Cd the major accumulation occurs in the other tissues (the rest of the body), kidney and liver. The results indicate an increased health risk for an adult Caucasian male worker at the landfill site due to exposure to elevated particulate matter concentrations and their associated metallic content.  相似文献   

EFFECT OF APPLIED LIME AND BORON ON THE AVAILABILITY OF NUTRIENTS IN AN ACID SOIL     

Mandira Barman  Lalit Mohan Shukla  Siba Prasad Datta  Raj Kumar Rattan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(3):357-373

Productivity of resources on acid soils occupying one fourth of the total area in India is abysmally low. Lime is applied to such soils with the primary objective of increasing the productivity of crops by enhancing the availability of native and applied plant nutrients. Greenhouse pot experiments and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of lime and boron (B) on the availability of nutrients in soils and their uptake by plants. The application of lime enhanced the available nitrogen (N,), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) content in soils, which was reflected in their uptake by sunflower (Helianthus annus). On the contrary, availability of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) in soil was reduced due to liming. Sunflower responded very well in terms of dry matter yield to B application to the extent of 175% and 188% under 1 and 2 mg kg^?1 applied levels of B, respectively. Dry matter yield of sunflower was reduced to the tune of 29.2 and 42.7% under 2/3 and 1 lime requirement (LR), respectively, over control. Lime application at 1/3 LR with 2 mg kg^?1 of applied B emerged as an optimum combination in acid soils.  相似文献   

Drought response of rice at different nitrogen levels using line source sprinkler system     

E. L. Aragon  S. K. De Datta 《Irrigation Science》1982,3(2):63-73

Summary In rainfed rice, the nitrogen status of soil and plant is closely related to the moisture regime in the soil. The lower the soil moisture content, the lower the nitrogen use efficiency in the plants.In this study, the yield and growth responses of four rice cultivars to seven irrigation and three nitrogen levels were evaluated using the line source sprinkler system. Visual observations on the degree of drought reaction and measurement of leaf water potential (LWP) were also made.The effect of drought was least on the traditional variety Kinandang Patong and most on the modern variety IR 20. Increasing nitrogen levels from 0 (no nitrogen fertilizer) to 60 and 120 Kg N/ha increased the degree of water stress. This also resulted in decreased LWP especially when the total water applied was minimal. At all levels of nitrogen, Kinandang Patong had significantly higher LWP than IR 20. There was a curvilinear decrease in the number of days to heading and a linear increase in plant height and dry matter production with increase in total water applied.The yield-water-fertilizer relationships of the four cultivars revealed different production surfaces. The early-maturing IR 52 rice gave the highest grain yield at 120 kg N/ha and with maximum water application of 850 mm. Without nitrogen fertilizer application, Kinandang Patong gave the highest predicted yield with 550 mm of water applied. At 120 kg N/ha and 550 mm of water, IR 36 was superior in yield to other rices tested.Results suggest that in areas of uncertain moisture supply, nitrogen application rate should be reduced from that normally used for irrigated rice.  相似文献   

Genetic engineering of Indica rice in support of sustained production of affordable and high quality food in developing countries     

I. Potrykus  P. K. Burkhardt  S. K. Datta  J. Fütterer  G. C. Ghosh-Biswas  A. Klöti  G. Spangenberg  J. Wünn 《Euphytica》1955,85(1-3):441-449

Summary Indica-type rice provides the staple food for two billion people in Third World countries. Several problems involved in the stable and sustained production of high quality food cannot be solved by traditional breeding. Methods have been established for gene transfer to Indica rice breeding lines to study possible contributions from genetic engineering. Experiments are in progress on the development of transgenic resistance towards Yellow Stem Borer, resistance towards Rice Tungro Virus, accumulation of provitamin A in the endosperm, increase of essential amino acids in the endosperm such as lysine, cysteine and methionine and resistance towards fungal pests such as Rice Blast and Sheath Blight. Transgenic clones from Indica rice breeding lines have been recovered from several of the approaches mentioned, some of which have been regenerated to plants.  相似文献   

A simple method for the determination of trace levels of alkylphenolic compounds in fish tissue using pressurized fluid extraction, solid phase cleanup, and high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection     

Datta S  Loyo-Rosales JE  Rice CP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(6):1350-1354

A simple automated extraction method for the determination of alkylphenolic compounds in fish tissue is reported. Pressurized fluid extraction is used to extract ground fish tissue, and the resulting extract is purified on aminopropyl silica (APS) extraction cartridges. With no further sample preparation, nonylphenol (NP) and its ethoxylates, up to nonylphenol pentaethoxylate, are quantitated using normal phase (APS Hypersil) high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The major advantage of this technique is elimination of the conventional gel permeation cleanup step, a lengthy procedure designed to remove fish lipids. Spiked recoveries with lake trout averaged 85% for the six NP and NP ethoxylates that were investigated. Tissue concentrations of NP and NP ethoxylates determined in fish from various locations of the Great Lakes region ranged from 18 to 2075 ng/g, wet weight.  相似文献   

Identification and enumeration of beta-hemolytic Listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated dairy products   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A R Datta  B A Wentz  W E Hill 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1988,71(3):673-675

A DNA probe was used to identify hemolytic Listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated dairy products: unpasteurized milk, ricotta cheese, and imported semisoft cheeses. Of 34 milk samples, 12 were suspected to contain hemolytic L. monocytogenes; 1 contained greater than 6000 viable organisms/g. The ricotta cheese, although temperature-abused, had a titer of 3.6 x 10(6) beta-hemolytic L. monocytogenes cells/g, whereas the semisoft cheeses reached a maximum of 5.6 x 10(6) cells/g. Pure cultures of L. monocytogenes isolated from both types of cheese were found positive by the CAMP test and the DNA probe.  相似文献   

Impact of boron fertilization on boron fractions at different crop growth stages in cauliflower_cowpea_okra sequence in an inceptisols of North East India     

Ingudam Bhupenchandra  Anjali Basumatary  Samiron Dutta  Laishram Kanta Singh  Namita Datta 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(8):1175-1188

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Horticultural Experimental Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during the year 2015–17 to assess the impact of boron fertilization on dynamics of boron fractions in soil and crop yields in cauliflower–cowpea–okra cropping sequence. Five levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0?kg ha^?1) along with the recommended dose of NPK fertilizer were applied in soil in cauliflower once in each 2 years (2015–17) of experimentation to assess the direct effect of boron fertilization, while cowpea and okra were grown as a suceeding test crop to study the residual effects of boron fertilization in the cropping sequence. Among the different levels of boron, the highest content of all the boron fractions in soil was recorded at rate of 2?kg B ha^?1 at different crop growth stages for all the three crops. Progressive decrease in content of all the boron fractions with crop ageing was noticed. The content of different boron fractions in soil follows the order readily soluble boron (RSB)<oxide bound boron (OXB)<organic bound boron (ORBB)<specifically adsorbed boron (SAB) <residual boron, respectively. The boron level of 2?kg B ha^?1 was found to prominent in increasing the yield in all the crops. In respect of contributions of different boron fractions to yield of crops, oxide bound boron(2.10) was found to be the highest contributor of cauliflower yield, while the residual boron (1.10), contributed the highest to cowpea yield and organic bound boron fraction (1.24) was found to be most prominent contributor of boron in leveraging okra yield.  相似文献   

Dinitrophenylation of the compounded chick starter rations for the estimation of available lysine.     

S C Datta 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1976,24(3):542-544

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Sequential changes in tissue d-fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase activity in chickens experimentally infected with Borrelia anserina     

S. Tiwari  I. C. Datta  J. L. Soni 《Veterinary research communications》1989,13(6):435-440

Following experimental Borrelia anserina infection of chickens, aldolase activity increased in the proventriculus, heart and bone marrow but declined in the kidney and cervical spinal cord.  相似文献   

Soil enzyme activities in dependence on tree litter and season of a social forest,Burdwan, India     

Chittaranjan Das  Papia Aditya  Jayanta Kumar Datta 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):405-422

The study was done to evaluate enzyme activities (amylase, cellulase and invertase) from the soils of different vegetation sites, with seasonal variation, of social forest, Burdwan, India. Study results showed significant lower enzymatic activities in the subsoil compared to those of the topsoil. The seasonal variations indicated that amylase, cellulase and invertase enzyme activities had reached peaks during the rainy seasons in different soil depths. Amylase activity was highest in Tectona litter containing soil in all seasons in both the soil layers. All the three enzyme activities have shown significant positive correlation with available nitrogen (p < 0.05) and available phosphorous (p < 0.05) during rainy season in both the soil depths. Correlation study revealed that soil organic carbon was positively correlated with cellulase and invertase activities except in the Anacardium vegetation site in the topsoil during rainy season. Irrespective of the seasons and the depths of soil, control site without vegetation showed much lower levels of organic carbon and enzyme activity compared to those of the experimental sites. Therefore, it is concluded that carbon transformation will be higher during rainy season in the vegetation sites of forest soil under such agroclimatic conditions.  相似文献