Identification and molecular analysis of infectious bursal disease in broiler farms in the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq     

Oumed Gerjis M. Amin  Daral J. Jackwood 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(7):1297-1301

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A Stable Synthetic Pyrethroid,NRDC 147, and the Control of Spodoptera littoralis     

A. S. A. Saad  A. A. El-Bahrawi  F. Amin 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(3):278-281

Abstract

Pyrethrins, the botanical insecticides and their synthetic analogues are well known for their power of producing very rapid paralysis (knockdown) in treated insects. The use of pyrethrins or synthetic analogues in agriculture to combat insect pests on field crops has been rather limited. The main reason for this is their non-persistence in field conditions. A recently developed synthetic pyrethroid NRDC 147, which is 10–100 times more stable in light than previous pyrethroids was tested in the laboratory and field against the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd). Results indicate higher efficiency (LC₅₀ 320 ppm), compared with 460, 422, 1250, 180, 2150 and 265 ppm for cyolane, chlorpyrifos, leptophos, methomyl, monocrotophos and methamidophos respectively. The residual effect (LT₅₀) is more than 7 days in the field for NRDC 147, while it was 5.8, 6.8 and 4.2 for cyolane, leptophos and methamidophos.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Premature Mortality Caused by Exposure to PM2.5 and Ozone in East Asia: 2000, 2005, 2020     

Amin Nawahda  Ken Yamashita  Toshimasa Ohara  Junichi Kurokawa  Kazuyo Yamaji 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(6):3445-3459

The aim of this study is to assess the premature mortality risks caused by exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5???m (PM_2.5) and ozone elevated concentrations for the years?2000, 2005, and 2020 in East Asia. The spatial distributions and temporal variations of PM_2.5 and ozone concentrations are simulated using the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System coupled with the Regional Emission Inventory in Asia. The premature mortality risks caused by exposure to PM_2.5 and ozone are calculated based on a relative risk (RR) value of 1.04 (95?% confidence interval (CI): 1.01?C1.08) for PM_2.5 concentrations above the annual mean limit of 10???g?m^?3 taken from the World Health Organization?CAir Quality Guideline and based on a RR value of 1.003 (95?% CI: 1.001?C1.004) for ozone concentration above 35?ppb of the SOMO35 index (the sum of ozone daily maximum 8-h mean concentrations above 35?ppb). We demonstrate one of the implications of the policy making in the area of environmental atmospheric management in East Asia by highlighting the annual premature mortalities associated with exposure to PM_2.5 concentrations that just meet an annual mean concentration of 10???g?m^?3, as well as ozone concentrations that have a daily zero SOMO35 index in vulnerable places. Our results point to a growing health risk that may endanger human life in East Asia. We find that the effect of PM_2.5 on human health is greater than the effect of ozone for the age group of 30?years and above. We estimate the corresponding premature mortality due to the effects of both ozone and PM_2.5 in East Asia for the years?2000 and 2005 to be around 316,000 and 520,000 cases, respectively. For future scenarios of the year?2020, policy succeed case, reference, and policy failed case, the estimated annual premature mortality rates are 451,000, 649,000, and 1,035,000 respectively.  相似文献   

Estimated evapotranspiration of rice based on pan evaporation as a surrogate to lysimeter measurement     

M. K. Rowshon  M. S. M. Amin  M. A. Mojid  M. Yaji 《Paddy and Water Environment》2014,12(1):35-41

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET _o), used to determine actual crop evapotranspiration, is often estimated from pan evaporation (EP) data. However, uncertainties in the relationship between ET _o and EP often result in unreliable estimate of crop evapotranspiration. This study investigated the relationship between measured and estimated crop evapotranspirations, ET _m and ET _e, respectively, at tillering (9–30 days after transplanting, DAT) and mid-growth (51–72 DAT) stages of a rice variety. ET _m was measured with a Marriott Tube-type Micro-lysimeter (hereafter referred to Micro-lysimeter) in a ponded rice field and ET _e was estimated from EP, which was measured by employing the US Weather Bureau Class ‘A’ Evaporation Pan (hereafter referred to Class A Evaporation Pan). A strong linear relation (r ² = 0.89) at the tillering stage and a weak relation (r ² = 0.48) at the mid-growth stage were obtained between ET _m and EP. The slope of this plot provided a pan-crop factor (K _p K _c), which was 0.81 at the tillering stage and 0.79 at the mid-growth stage. The ET _e versus ET _m relationship was also strongly linear (r ² = 0.90) at the tillering stage but weakly linear (r ² = 0.50) at the mid-growth stage. The pan-based method thus provided reliable estimates of evapotranspiration during the tillering stage of rice.  相似文献   

Crystal structure of the extracellular segment of integrin alpha Vbeta3 in complex with an Arg-Gly-Asp ligand     

Xiong JP  Stehle T  Zhang R  Joachimiak A  Frech M  Goodman SL  Arnaout MA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5565):151-155

The structural basis for the divalent cation-dependent binding of heterodimeric alphabeta integrins to their ligands, which contain the prototypical Arg-Gly-Asp sequence, is unknown. Interaction with ligands triggers tertiary and quaternary structural rearrangements in integrins that are needed for cell signaling. Here we report the crystal structure of the extracellular segment of integrin alphaVbeta3 in complex with a cyclic peptide presenting the Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. The ligand binds at the major interface between the alphaV and beta3 subunits and makes extensive contacts with both. Both tertiary and quaternary changes are observed in the presence of ligand. The tertiary rearrangements take place in betaA, the ligand-binding domain of beta3; in the complex, betaA acquires two cations, one of which contacts the ligand Asp directly and the other stabilizes the ligand-binding surface. Ligand binding induces small changes in the orientation of alphaV relative to beta3.  相似文献   

Nanotubular highways for intercellular organelle transport   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rustom A  Saffrich R  Markovic I  Walther P  Gerdes HH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5660):1007-1010

Cell-to-cell communication is a crucial prerequisite for the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. To date, diverse mechanisms of intercellular exchange of information have been documented, including chemical synapses, gap junctions, and plasmodesmata. Here, we describe highly sensitive nanotubular structures formed de novo between cells that create complex networks. These structures facilitate the selective transfer of membrane vesicles and organelles but seem to impede the flow of small molecules. Accordingly, we propose a novel biological principle of cell-to-cell interaction based on membrane continuity and intercellular transfer of organelles.  相似文献   

Comparative study on the efficiency of dry and green manuring of certain plant leaves againstMeloidogyne javanica andRotylenchulus reniformis infecting sunflower     

A. W. Amin  M. M. A. Youssef 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》1999,4(1):166-168

Five different dry and five green plant leaves were tested against Meloidogyne javanica and Rotylenchulus reniformis, as bio-agents in controlling these nematodes infecting sunflower. Data generally, indicated that all the tested manures significantly (P≤0.05) reduced the total number of nematodes in root and soil. The best materials were datura dry leaves on M. javanica and lime dry leaves on R. reniformis which gave very good results against nematodes (86.4 and 95.1% female reduction, respectively). Plant growth was significantly (P≤0.05) better, in most cases, in shoots, roots and flowering discs weight.  相似文献   

Ammonia toxicity in Southern King Crab (Lithodes santolla,Molina 1742) larvae     

Diodato  Soledad L.  Amin  Oscar A.  Comoglio  Laura I. 《International Aquatic Research》2019,11(3):241-251

International Aquatic Research - Effects of ammonia on zoea I of the Southern King Crab, Lithodes santolla (Decapoda, Lithodidae) were analyzed through acute (96 h) and chronic...  相似文献   

Dietary butyric acid improved growth,digestive enzyme activities and humoral immune parameters in Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)     

Hamed Aalamifar  Siyavash Soltanian  Arya Vazirzadeh  Mostafa Akhlaghi  Vahid Morshedi  Amin Gholamhosseini  Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(1):156-164

A six‐week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of butyric acid (BA) inclusion in diet on performance of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Fish (12.0 ± 0.2 g) were fed with four experimental diets contained 0.0 (control), 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 g BA/kg in triplicate. Fish fed on 5 and 10 g BA/kg diets had higher growth and total alkaline protease and lipase activities than the other treatments. Fillet protein content in BA‐supplemented groups was higher than the control. Liver catalase activity was highest in 2.5 g BA/kg group compared with the other groups. The values of liver superoxide dismutase activity and serum total protein concentration in 5 and 10 g BA/kg treatments were higher than those in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the highest and the lowest levels of serum lysozyme activity were noticed in the 10 g BA/kg and the control groups, respectively (p < .05). Also, the highest respiratory burst activity was observed in fish fed 5 g BA/kg feed. Supplementing diet with 2.5 or 5 g BA/kg resulted in higher serum haemolytic activity in fish compared with the other groups. The number of red and white blood cells increased in fish fed BA‐supplemented diets compared with the control (p < .05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed inclusion of BA at 5 g/kg diet in L. calcarifer juveniles improved growth and upgraded the general health condition by enhancing fish antioxidant enzyme activities and haemato‐immunological responses.  相似文献   

Effect of water temperature on the physiology of fish spermatozoon function: a brief review          下载免费PDF全文

Hadiseh Dadras  Borys Dzyuba  Jacky Cosson  Amin Golpour  Mohammad Abdul Momin Siddique  Otomar Linhart 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):729-740

Motility is a key factor in function of the spermatozoon and determines semen quality and fertilizing capacity. Effective motility occurs when sperm is diluted in a swimming solution, the adequacy of which is determined by factors varying according to fish species. Spermatozoon motility rate and velocity, as well as duration of the motility period, are influenced by the temperature of the water in which broodfish are held. Increase in temperature of swimming medium beyond the optimal increases cell metabolism, leading to an increase in velocity with rapid depletion of energy resources, promoting early cessation of movement. The aim of this review was to discuss current information on the influence of temperature on quantitative spermatozoon properties, which could affect sperm function. Our findings provide a greater understanding of fish sperm physiology and a biological foundation for the further development of spermatozoon motility investigations as well as reproduction technologies.  相似文献