Erratum to: Note on Wahlgreniella nervata (Gillette, 1908) (Hemiptera: Aphididae): a new pest of Damask rose in Turkey     

Shalva Barjadze  İsmail Karaca  Bülent Yaşar  Nana Gratiashvili 《Phytoparasitica》2011,39(3):309-309

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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganesis: Tracking strains using their genetic differentiations by ISSR markers in Southern Turkey     

Ömür Baysal  Francesco Mercati  Hatice İkten  Raziye Çetinkaya Yıldız  Francesco Carimi  Yeşim Aysan  Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2011,75(3):113-119

There is no available data published related to the dissemination of bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and its genetic diversity in Turkey. It is important to control new introduced inoculum sources by commercial seeds and seedlings. Pathogens were identified by morphological features and the identity was confirmed by PCR amplification using a specific primer PSA-4, PSA-R in addition to microbiological tests. ISSR markers showing high polymorphism ratios were selected and used to characterize Cmm strains. The collected strains were classified into different groups on the basis of ISSR-PCR fingerprints, which showed remarkable genetic specificity and diversity not previously identified in Cmm, suggesting that genetic differences are related to dissemination of the pathogen in the region. This is the first ever study carried out on the characterization of Cmm using ISSR. The selected ISSR primers to characterize Cmm can be used to determine genetic differences in further studies.  相似文献   

In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of synthetic pure isothiocyanates against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum     

Kurt S  Güneş U  Soylu EM 《Pest management science》2011,67(7):869-875

BACKGROUND: Isothiocyanates (ITCs) released by the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates in the Brassicaceae are potentially useful for controlling fungal pathogens. In vitro activity of pure ITCs against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary was studied by adding them to glass filters in petri dishes and dissolving them in the growing media. RESULTS: Methyl, allyl and benzyl ITCs were the most fungitoxic of the compounds in bioassays with S. sclerotiorum isolate Ss31. In the volatile phase, mycelial growth was completely inhibited by these three compounds. Aromatic ITCs were less toxic in the petri dishes but were more toxic than aliphatic ITCs when dissolved in the agar. Benzyl ITC exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on sclerotial germination, with an EC₅₀ value of 75.1 µmol L^?1. Butyl and benzyl ITCs reduced apothecial production of S. sclerotiorum by 92.5% at the highest concentration. In in vivo assay, only allyl and 2‐phenylethyl ITCs reduced disease incidence (by 76.7 and 70% respectively) at low concentrations. CONCLUSION: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the soil might be suppressed by the higher concentrations of allyl and benzyl ITCs released from decomposition of Brassica juncea, B. carinata, B. nigra and Sinapis spp. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Effects of Soil and Foliar Treatments of Alone and Combined Applications of Boron with Iron and Zinc on Boron,Zinc, and Iron Contents of Gemlik Olive Trees     

H. Başar  S. Gürel 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(9):1101-1116

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Ground red peppers: capsaicinoids content,Scoville scores,and discrimination by an electronic nose   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Korel F  Bagdatlioglu N  Balaban MO  Hişil Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(11):3257-3261

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and total capsaicinoids levels of different ground red pepper samples obtained from local retail markets in Izmir, Turkey. Scoville scores were determined using sensory tests. An electronic nose (EN) was used to discriminate ground red pepper samples by headspace volatiles. EN data were analyzed using discriminant function analysis (DFA). An overall correct classification rate of pepper varieties by EN of 91% was obtained. A linear correlation between capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and total capsaicinoids and Scoville scores was also observed, and R (2) values of 0.89, 0.85, and 0.91 were obtained, respectively.  相似文献   

New alkamides from maca (Lepidium meyenii)     

Zhao J  Muhammad I  Dunbar DC  Mustafa J  Khan IA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(3):690-693

Maca (Lepidium meyenii) has been used as a food in Peru for thousands of years. More recently a wide array of commercial maca products have gained popularity as dietary supplements, with claims of anabolic and aphrodisiac effects, although the biologically active principles are not fully known. In an earlier chemical investigation, two new alkamides and a novel fatty acid, as well as the N-hydroxypyridine derivative, macaridine, were isolated from L. meyenii. Further examination has led to the isolation of five additional new alkamides, namely, N-benzyl-9-oxo-12Z-octadecenamide (1), N-benzyl-9-oxo-12Z,15Z-octadecadienamide (2), N-benzyl-13-oxo-9E,11E-octadecadienamide (3), N-benzyl-15Z-tetracosenamide (4), and N-(m-methoxybenzyl)hexadecanamide (5). Their structures were established by spectrometric and spectroscopic methods including ESI-HRMS, EI-MS, (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR, as well as (1)H-(15)N 2D HMBC experiments. In addition, the identity of N-benzyl-15Z-tetracosenamide (4) was confirmed by synthesis. These compounds have been found from only L. meyenii and could be used as markers for authentication and standardization.  相似文献   

Effects of extrusion of flaxseed on ruminal and postruminal nutrient digestibilities.     

A F Mustafa  C Gonthier  D R Ouellet 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》2003,57(6):455-463

A study was conducted to determine the effects of extrusion on ruminal, post-ruminal and whole tract digestibility of flaxseed. Extrusion was performed at 155 degrees C with a residence time of 43 s. Two non-lactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a randomized complete block design. Results showed that extruded flaxseed had higher (P < 0.05) in situ soluble and lower (P < 0.05) slowly degradable DM and CP fractions than unheated flaxseed. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) ruminal DM and CP degradability of flaxseed by 7 and 13%, respectively. Ruminal undegraded DM, CP and NDF were all lower (P < 0.05) for extruded flaxseed than for unheated flaxseed. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) ruminal degradability and reduced (P < 0.05) post-ruminal availability of most amino acids of flaxseed. Whole tract digestibility of DM, CP, NDF and amino acids were higher (P < 0.05) for extruded than for unheated flaxseed. It was concluded that extrusion under the conditions used in the present experiment increases ruminal and whole tract nutrient degradabilities of flaxseed and therefore was ineffective in increasing the post-ruminal supply of amino acids from flaxseed.  相似文献   

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Whole-Crop Pea and Pea–Cereal Mixture Silages Grown in South-western Quebec     

A. F. Mustafa  P. Seguin 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2004,190(6):416-421

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and neutral detergent fibre (IVNDFD) digestibilities of silages made from whole‐crop pea [Pisum sativum L. (PS)], pea–wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (PW)], pea–barley [Hordeum vulgare L. (PB)] and pea–oat [Avena sativa L. (PO)] mixtures harvested 8 weeks (H8) and 10 weeks (H10) after seeding. Forty‐five days after ensiling, all forages were well ensiled as indicated by low pH and low water‐soluble carbohydrate content and high lactic acid concentration. Regardless of forage type, crude protein (CP) and IVNDFD were higher while starch and acid detergent lignin were lower in H8 than H10. However, harvest date had no effect on neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fibre of the silages. Within each harvest date, CP was higher while NDF was lower for PS than pea–cereal silages. Differences in CP and fibre fractions between the pea–cereal mixture silages were not consistent for the two harvest dates. The IVDMD of PS was higher than that of the three pea–cereal mixture silages in H8 but was only higher than that of PB in H10. For the pea–cereal mixtures, IVDMD was higher for PO than PB and PW in H8 and was higher for PB than PW in H10. It was concluded that silage from pea monoculture had similar forage yields and a generally higher nutritive value than silages from pea–cereal mixtures.  相似文献   

Brucella antibodies in the sera of domestic livestock in Bangladesh     

A. H. M. Mustafa 《Tropical animal health and production》1984,16(4):212-212

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Serological evidence of the occurrence of bluetongue in Iraq     

S. M. Hafez  E. G. Pollis  Sacar A. Mustafa 《Tropical animal health and production》1978,10(1):95-98

Summary Precipitating antibodies against bluetongue were detected in sheep and goat serum samples collected from animals slaughtered in Baghdad abattoir. Out of294 sheep serum samples and110 goat serum samples examined,28 and18 samples respectively showed precipitating activity. In addition, examination of sheep serum samples collected from localities where clinical cases similar to bluetongue were previously reported revealed the presence of bluetongue precipitating antibodies in101 sera out of198 samples examined. This is the first report confirming the occurrence of blue-tongue in Iraq.

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Evidencia Serológica De La Ocurrencia De Lengua Azul En Irak

Resumen Se detectaron anticuerpos precipitantes de la enfermedad de la Lengua Azul en el suero de ovejas y cabras beneficiadas en el matadero de-Bagdad. La prueba fue positiva en 28 de 294 sueros ovinos y en 18 de los 110 sueros caprinos examinados. Posteriormente, se examinaron 198 sueros ovinos colectados en áreas en donde se sospechaba la existencia clinica de la enfermedad, encontrandose 101 positivos. Este es el primer informe de la existencia de Lengua Azul en Irak.

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Preuve Sérologique De L'existence De La Bluetongue En Irak

Résumé Des anticorps précipants contre la bluetongue ont été mis en évidence dans des échantillons de sérum de moutons et de chèvres recueillis sur des animaux abattus à l'abattoir de Bagdad. Sur 294 échantillons de sérum de moutons et 110 de chèvres examinés, 28 et 18 de ces échantillons se sont respectivement montrés précipitants. En outre l'examen d'échantillons de sérum de moutons recueillis dans des localités où existaient des cas cliniques pouvant faire soupçonner la bluetongue a montré la présence de sérums précipitants de la maladie dans 101 des 198 échantillons examinés. C'est là le premier report confirmant l'existence de la bluetongue en Irak.

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