Characterization of genes for novel thaumatin-like proteins in Cryptomeria japonica     

Futamura N  Tani N  Tsumura Y  Nakajima N  Sakaguchi M  Shinohara K 《Tree physiology》2006,26(1):51-62

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are induced by a variety of phytopathogens in many plants and several TLPs are allergenic. Previously, we isolated three TLP-encoding cDNAs (Cry j 3.1, Cry j 3.2 and Cry j 3.3) from a cDNA library derived from the pollen of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. Here, we describe three new TLP cDNAs (Cry j 3.4, Cry j 3.5 and Cry j 3.6). We compared the sequences, the genetic map location and the expression patterns of the Cry j 3 genes. The amino acid sequence predicted from Cry j 3.5 exhibits only limited similarity to those predicted from the other Cry j 3 genes. Linkage analysis showed that the Cry j 3.1 to Cry j 3.4 genes are located in the same linkage group, but Cry j 3.5 is located in a different group. Organ-specificity and induction by stresses and plant hormones differed among the Cry j 3 mRNAs. In pollen grains, the Cry j 3.5 mRNA expression level was higher than that of the other Cry j 3 genes. Exposure to UV-B and salt stress induced expression of Cry j 3.1. The ethylene-releasing compound ethephon strongly induced expression of Cry j 3.4. Salt stress and salicylic acid also induced expression of Cry j 3.4. Abscisic acid weakly induced expression of Cry j 3.5. Arachidonic acid strongly induced expression of Cry j 3.4 and Cry j 3.6, and weakly induced that of Cry j 3.3, whereas expression of Cry j 3.1 and Cry j 3.5 was unaffected. These results suggest that the roles of TLPs and the cascades that regulate their expression differ among the members of the TLP family in C. japonica.  相似文献   

Determination of the genetic structure of remnant Morus boninensis Koidz. trees to establish a conservation program on the Bonin Islands, Japan     

Naoki Tani  Hiroshi Yoshimaru  Takayuki Kawahara  Yoshio Hoshi  Fuyuo Nobushima  Takaya Yasui 《BMC ecology》2006,6(1):14-13

Background  

Morus boninensis, is an endemic plant of the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands of Japan and is categorized as "critically endangered" in the Japanese red data book. However, little information is available about its ecological, evolutionary and genetic status, despite the urgent need for guidelines for the conservation of the species. Therefore, we adopted Moritz's MU concept, based on the species' current genetic structure, to define management units and to select mother tree candidates for seed orchards.  相似文献   

Ceramide aminoethylphosphonate from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas attenuates the toxicity of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR     

Masaharu Komatsu  Naoki Ichiyama  Takashi Kurimoto  Shota Takumi  Kazuhiro Shiozaki  Yasumasa Sugiyama  Tatsuhiko Furukawa  Seiichi Ando  Saki Itonori  Hiroaki Saito 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):313-320

We have previously established the method for isolation of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas. In this study, we performed a MTT assay to evaluate the safety of CAEP to the cell lines for the application to health food and supplements. The CAEP did not show any cytotoxicity to various HEK293-transfectant cells. Next, we elucidated the positive function of CAEP to the somatic cells. Recently, we have reported that hepatotoxin microcystin-LR was taken up into the hepatocytes mediated by hepatocellular uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, and the cells were induced cytotoxicity subsequently. Cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR to permanently OATP1B3-expressing HEK293-OATP1B3 cells rather than to HEK293-OATP1B1 cells was preferentially attenuated by CAEP in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the enzyme activity of serine/threonine phosphatase, which was inhibited by microcystin-LR, was recuperated by co-exposure to CAEP. Furthermore, microcystin-LR-induced cellular protein phosphorylation were disrupted by CAEP exposure. These results suggested that CAEP is a promising remedy and/or preventive medicine for liver damage with microcystin-LR.  相似文献   

Species diversity of the marine diatom genus Skeletonema in Japanese brackish water areas     

Machiko Yamada  Mayuko Otsubo  Yuki Tsutsumi  Chiaki Mizota  Naoki Iida  Kazuma Okamura  Masashi Kodama  Akira Umehara 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):923-934

The genus Skeletonema includes phytoplankton species that are important primary producers in marine food chains. Brackish waters have been reported to be one of the important habitats of some species of Skeletonema. To elucidate the species diversity of Skeletonema in brackish waters, we investigated three Japanese brackish bodies of water: the coastal waters of Toyama Bay, a tidal area of the Chikugo River, and a constructed reservoir in Isahaya Bay. We used molecular analysis based on large subunit rDNA and fine morphological structure to identify species. Skeletonema costatum s.s. (sensu stricto) was isolated at salinities as low as 0.6, but Skeletonema dohrnii, Skeletonema subsalsum, and Skeletonema tropicum were not found at salinities below 11.0. S. costatum s.s. could survive transfer from a medium with a salinity of 15 to a salinity of 2, but S. dohrnii did not survive in the same experiment. Only S. costatum s.s. germinated from the sediment of a reservoir in which the salinity was 0.1–1.4; incubation conditions included temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C and salinities of 5 and 30. Skeletonema costatum s.s. was identified as the species most adaptable to low-level salinity variations throughout its lifecycle.  相似文献   

Extracellular matrix of Magnaporthe oryzae may have a role in host adhesion during fungal penetration and is digested by matrix metalloproteinases     

Kanako Inoue  Tomoko Suzuki  Kenichi Ikeda  Shan Jiang  Naoki Hosogi  Gang-Su Hyon  Sizuka Hida  Taku Yamada  Pyoyun Park 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(1):96-96

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The <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis NST3/SND1</Emphasis> promoter is active in secondary woody tissue in poplar     

Naoki Takata  Shingo Sakamoto  Nobutaka Mitsuda  Toru Taniguchi 《Journal of Wood Science》2017,63(4):396-400

Wood biomass is one of the promising future materials for biofuels with no competing food uses. However, the higher cost to produce bioethanol from wood feedstocks is regarded as a priority issue. Genetic engineering techniques have been proposed to enhance the quality and quantity of wood materials to overcome the cost problem. Although many genetically engineered trees with applicable traits such as low lignin, a high syringyl to guaiacyl ratio and high cellulose content are generated, ectopic expression of an effector gene under a constitutive promoter can sometimes induce untoward side effects on plant growth and development. Our recent study demonstrated that AtNST3/SND1 promoter of Arabidopsis thaliana is a candidate tool for driving a potent activator to enhance wood biomass production in poplar without any growth retardation. However, the tissue- and cell-dependent activity of the promoter remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we generated transgenic poplar expressing AtNST3/SND1promoter::GUS to examine in detail the activity of the AtNST3/SND1 promoter. Histochemical analysis revealed that the promoter was predominantly active in secondary woody tissue. Our result indicates that the AtNST3/SND1 promoter is an option for expressing an effector gene to modify secondary cell wall components and wood biomass.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Follicular Development and Oocyte Quality in Pre‐pubertal Cats     

K Uchikura  M Nagano  M Hishinuma 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e405-e411

Our study was conducted to assess the follicular development and availability of sound ovarian oocytes for in vitro production (IVP) of embryos in pre‐pubertal cats. The relationship between body and ovarian weight was examined in 93 cats. The results revealed that ovarian weight rapidly increased until 100 days of estimated age. By histological evaluation of ovaries obtained from 11 pre‐pubertal cats with estimated age of <20, 20–40 and 100–120 days, it was clarified that the increase in ovarian weight during kitten growth accompanied the increase in the number and size of antral follicles. The follicular diameter and percentage of normal oocytes in secondary/antral follicles also increased as estimated age (body weight) increased. The oocytes obtained from pre‐pubertal cats with 100–120 days of estimated age were used for IVP of embryos. The results showed that the success rates of in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and development to blastocysts after in vitro culture in pre‐pubertal cats were lower than in sexually mature cats. However, the percentage of blastocysts based on the cleaved embryos and cell number of blastocysts in pre‐pubertal cats were comparable to those in mature cats. In conclusion, these results suggest that the ovaries of pre‐pubertal cats with ≥100 days of age contain oocytes with in vitro developmental competence to blastocysts.  相似文献   

Purulent Necrotic Dislocation of the Hip Joint Associated with Umbilical Infection in a Foal     

Fumie MAGATA  Mitsuo ISHII  Eri OIKAWA  Hidefumi FURUOKA  Kazutaka YAMADA  Naoki SASAKI  Syo SHIMIZU  Hisashi INOKUMA 《Journal of Equine Science》2010,21(2):17-20

A 42-day-old heavy draft horse fell into sudden astasia. Significant swelling and heat sensation of the left femoral region were observed. Because of a friction sound in the left hip, we supposed that the hip joint was dislocated or the hip bone was fractured. Computed Tomography (CT) examination showed that the left hip joint was dislocated and the left femoral head was disjunct. We carried out a pathological autopsy, and made a diagnosis of the foal as fracture of the hip bone and femoral head with suppurative umbilical arteritis. Pathologic changes in the umbilical artery and hind leg were completely unilateral, suggesting that left umbilical arteritis spread to the blood circulation, causing arthritis and dislocation of the hip bone.  相似文献   

应用PCR-DGGE技术对发酵全混合日粮中可培养乳酸菌的调查     

王福金  西野直树  王靖宇 《动物营养学报》2010,22(6)

为了了解发酵全混合日粮(TMR silage)发酵过程中的乳酸菌的菌种变化,应用MRS琼脂培养基对新鲜啤酒糟和豆腐渣以及它们的发酵TMR(贮存0、14和56 d)的乳酸菌进行培养,所得的可培养乳酸菌应用PCR-DGGE进行筛选,对菌体DNA的碱基序列进行测定,在GenBank上检索相近的16S rDNA序列对其鉴定.结果表明:2种原料中的乳酸菌种类完全不同;加入相同的其他材料变成TMR后,优势乳酸菌发生改变;发酵初期(14 d)的2种发酵TMR中都有2种乳酸菌,并且有1种乳酸菌相同;发酵后期(56 d)的2种发酵TMR中都有5种乳酸菌,而且有4种乳酸菌相同.由此可知,采用不同食品废弃物所制作的发酵TMR,在发酵后期所含菌种趋于相同、种类增加.  相似文献   

Normalization using ploidy and genomic DNA copy number allows absolute quantification of transcripts,proteins and metabolites in cells     

Hiroshi Shimada  Takeshi Obayashi  Naoki Takahashi  Minami Matsui  Atsushi Sakamoto 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):29

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