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71.
Satoshi Haga Hiroshi Ishizaki Miwa Nakano Seiji Nakao Kiyoshi Hirano Yoshito Yamamoto Miya Kitagawa Hiroyuki Sasaki Yoshihiro Kariya 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(2):135-142
Blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC) has become a key bio‐marker for animal health. Forest‐grazing cattle are known to forage various native plants that have high TAC. This study evaluated differences of plasma TAC between forest‐grazing (FG) and pasture‐grazing cattle (PG). Experiment 1 monitored the plasma TAC levels of 32 Japanese Black cattle. The level in PG did not change throughout the grazing period. However, that in FG, which increased from summer, was significantly higher than that in PG through fall (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, we used nine Japanese Black heifers and investigated their blood antioxidant parameters and the TAC in plants that the cattle consumed in late June and September. The plasma TAC levels in FG were significantly higher than those in PG in both periods (P < 0.05). Plasma levels of lipid peroxidation in FG tended to be lower than that in PG (P = 0.098). Furthermore, the TAC levels in various species of shrubs and trees consumed by FG were higher than those in pasture grasses. Results of this study show that plasma TAC of grazing Japanese Black cattle in forestland increase from summer through fall. 相似文献
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Hitoshi Kubota Takahide Doi Shoichiro Yamamoto Seiichi Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):270-284
ABSTRACT: Stocking of exogenous, hatchery-reared white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis has been conducted throughout much of their range in Honshu Island, Japan, to increase angling opportunities. Although the native charr populations are thought to have declined because of hybridization with introduced fish, their distribution and genetic status have been uncertain. Fine population structures of charr in the upper Tone River drainage were examined using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite analyses so as to clarify the presence of native populations. One common mtDNA haplotype was detected in all populations in the Ohashi River and Watarase River, and four and one tributary populations were monomorphic for such haplotypes, respectively. However, several haplotypes, considered to have originated from stocked hatchery fish, were observed in the stocked and the remaining populations. Judging from the genetic integrity over a fine geographic scale, the former were considered as indicative of native populations and the latter as admixtures with hatchery fish. Comparisons of genetic diversity, deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, principal component analysis, and relatedness estimations based on microsatellite DNA can also provide evidence for distinguishing native populations from those influenced by hatchery fish. 相似文献
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Shin-Kwon?Kim Toshio?TakeuchiEmail author Atsushi?Akimoto Hirofumi?Furuita Takeshi?Yamamoto Masahito?Yokoyama Yuko?Murata 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(3):627-632
ABSTRACT: The effect of dietary taurine on juvenile Japanese flounder was determined by feeding three taurine-supplemented experimental diets (TAU) and a commercial diet (CD) to evaluate a practical diet for juvenile Japanese flounder. Juvenile Japanese flounder were reared on the three experimental diets supplemented with taurine at 0, 0.5, 1.0% and CD. These diets were fed to juvenile Japanese flounder of an initial mean body weight of 0.2 g for 6 weeks at 20°C and the taurine contents of the whole body and tissues were analyzed. The final average body weight of juvenile Japanese flounder fed the 1.0% TAU was significantly higher than that of the other groups. Taurine contents in the whole body and tissues increased with the increase in dietary taurine level. These results indicate that juvenile Japanese flounder require at least 15 mg/g taurine in the diet, even though a combined mix of fish, krill and squid meal was the main protein source in the experimental diets. 相似文献
77.
Masayuki?Takahashi Takeshi?Yamamoto Sanae?Kato Kunihiko?KonnoEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(3):662-671
ABSTRACT: The effect of salt concentration on the thermal denaturation profile of myosin in walleye pollack and carp myofibrils was compared by studying the subfragment-1 (S-1) and rod denaturation rates upon heating. Species-specific denaturation mode observed at 0.1 M KCl was no longer detected when samples were heated above 0.5 M KCl, where S-1 and rod denaturation rates were identical to each other. As the heating of the chymotryptic digest of myofibril formed practically no rod aggregates, S-1 denaturation in a form of myosin was the rate limiting step for rod aggregate formation. As the aggregate formation by rod was remarkably suppressed by lowering the temperature, the free movement of myosin tail upon heating was suggested to play an important role in the rod aggregate formation in a high salt medium. 相似文献
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Abstract – The relationships between size and age at smolting and juvenile growth rates were examined for 13 populations of white-spotted charr ( Salvelinus leucomaenis ). Mean smolt length (ranging 142–210 mm in fork length) and smolt age (2.4–3.7 years) varied significantly among populations and there was a significant negative relationship between smolt length and age. Mean smolt length was positively correlated with mean specific growth rate from age 0 to 1 year, whereas mean smolt age was negatively correlated with specific growth rate. The present study shows that the freshwater environment conditions operating on juvenile growth are important for moulding the phenotypic characteristics of size and age at smolting. 相似文献