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61.
For a correct characterization of Madeira wine commercially available in the market, 52 samples having different types and ages, representative of the delimited region of Madeira (liquor wine of quality produced in delimited region), were analyzed in relation to physicochemical and sensorial parameters. Standard methodology for spirits and alcoholic beverages as well as a council of tasters were adopted respectively to quantify such parameters, according to European Union regulations. The main physicochemical parameters analyzed demonstrated that Madeira wine represent a high quality beverage without toxicological risks, as all constituents have in general contents clearly below the maximum concentration admissible by the national and/or international rules. A reasonable differentiation of properties could be achieved between samples having different types and ages, when principal component, discriminant and cluster analyses were applied to the analytical data, especially for physicochemical parameters. 相似文献
62.
de Carvalho MA Santos PS Nogueira SS Lessa F Almeida Vdos A Le?a-Júnior NF Salvarani FM Lobato FC Nogueira-Filho SL 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(4):732-734
An outbreak of necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens type C was diagnosed in captive collared (Pecari tajacu) and white-lipped (Tayassu pecari) peccaries housed in the Laboratory of Applied Ethology of Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz located in Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil. Four collared peccaries and three white-lipped peccaries, all juveniles (25-105 days old), were affected. For all affected animals, lethargy and inappetance were followed by sudden death within 24 hours. Histopathology of intestinal wall, culture of C. perfringens type C, and the identification of beta-toxin from intestinal content confirmed the diagnosis. 相似文献
63.
Modestas Ruzauskas Natacha Couto Sigita Kerziene Rita Siugzdiniene Irena Klimiene Marius Virgailis Constan?a Pomba 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2015,57(1)
Background
The bacterial genus Staphylococcus consists of many species that causes infections in pet animals. Antimicrobial resistant staphylococci cause infections that are difficult to treat and they are important from the point of one health perspective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) species, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in diseased pet animals (Group A) and kennel dogs (Group B) in Lithuania and to characterize the isolates according to their antimicrobial resistance.Results
Twenty-one MRS isolates were obtained from 395 clinical samples (5.3 %; CI 95 % 3.5-8.0) of Group A animals. Sixteen, four and one isolates were from dogs, cats and a pet rabbit, respectively. The mecA gene was present in 20 isolates, whereas one isolate was positive for the mecC gene. Twenty-one MRS isolates (20.0 %; CI 95 % 13.5-28.6) were obtained from the vagina of female dogs (n = 105) (Group B). All isolates carried the mecA gene. Twelve MRS species were isolated of which S. pseudintermedius was the most common (18/42) followed by S. haemolyticus (8/42) and S. lentus (4/42). MRSA was not found. All MRS strains were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Resistance to tetracycline (16/21), clindamycin (15/21) and erythromycin (14/21) was the most common types of resistance in Group A animals. Three isolates also demonstrated resistance to rifampin. Resistance toward gentamicin (16/21), ciprofloxacin (15/21), macrolides (15/21) and tetracycline (12/21) was the most common in kennel dogs (Group B). The most common genes encoding resistance to antimicrobials (excluding beta-lactams) in isolates from Group A pets were tetK (21/42), aph(3′)-IIIa (11/42) and aac(6'')-Ie-aph(2'''')-Ia (9/42).Conclusions
A wide range of MRS species were found in pet animals in Lithuania. MRSA was not found. 相似文献64.
Alice Maria Melville Paiva Della Libera Fernando Nogueira de Souza Camila Freitas Batista Bruna Parapinski Santos Luis Fernando Fernandes de Azevedo Eduardo Milton Ramos Sanchez Soraia Araújo Diniz Marcos Xavier Silva Jo?o Paulo Haddad Maiara Garcia Blagitz 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)
The effects of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) on the immune response have been extensively investigated; however, its effects on mammary gland immunity are only speculative. Although BLV has a tropism for B cells, it can affect both adaptive and innate immunities because these systems share many effector mechanisms. This scenario is the basis of this investigation of the effects of BLV on mammary gland immunity, which is largely dependent upon neutrophilic functions. Thus, the present study sought to examine neutrophilic functions and the lymphocyte profile in the milk of naturally BLV-infected cows. The viability of the milk neutrophils and the percentage of milk neutrophils that produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) or phagocytosed Staphylococcus aureus were similar between BLV-infected and BLV-uninfected dairy cows. Furthermore, the expression of CD62L and CD11b by the milk neutrophils and the percentage of milk neutrophils (CH138+ cells) that were obtained from the udder quarters of the BLV-infected cows were not altered. Conversely, the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) representing intracellular ROS production and the phagocytosis of S. aureus, the expression of CD44 by the milk neutrophils and the percentage of apoptotic B cells were lower in the milk cells from BLV-infected dairy cows, particularly those from animals with persistent lymphocytosis (PL). The lymphocyte subsets were not different among the groups, with the exception of the percentage of CD5−/CD11b− B cells, which was higher in the milk cells from BLV-infected cows, particularly those with PL. Thus, the present study provides novel insight into the implications of BLV infection for mammary gland immunity. 相似文献
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67.
Henrique Silva Silveira Duarte Laércio Zambolim Alexandre Sandri Capucho Antonio Fernandes Nogueira Júnior André Wilson Campos Rosado Carine Rezende Cardoso Pierce Anderson Paul Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,137(2):249-257
Standard area diagrams (SADs) to assess the severity of potato early blight (Alternaria grandis) on leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were developed and validated. The proposed SADs include images of leaves with 10 distinct disease severities (0.1, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 %). The SADs were validated by 12 raters who had no previous experience in evaluating plant disease. Lin’s concordance correlation analysis of estimated vs. actual disease severity (based on image analysis) showed that precision and accuracy improved for most raters using the SADs, compared to assessments made without the SADs. The SADs improved accuracy (coefficient of bias, C b ?=?0.97 and 0.99, without and with SADs, respectively) and agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρ c ?=?0.91 and 0.98 without and with SADs, respectively) of the estimates of severity. Severity estimates were more reliable when using SADs (coefficient of determination, R 2 ?=?0.80 unaided and R 2 ?=?0.95 with SADs, and the intra-class correlation ρ?=?0.86 without SADs and ρ?=?0.97 using the SADs). The SADs improved raters’ ability to accurately, precisely and reliably estimate potato early blight severity, and as such can be used to assess severity for several purposes, including breeding for resistance, fungicide screening, and pathotype characterization. 相似文献
68.
69.
Josias C. Faria Paula A. M. R. Valdisser Elsa O. P. L. Nogueira Francisco J. L. Aragão 《Plant Breeding》2014,133(5):649-653
Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) is the causal agent of bean golden mosaic of common beans. A transgenic bean line that has been developed based on RNA interference to silence the BGMV rep gene showed immunity to the virus. Crosses were done between the transgenic line and six bean cultivars followed by four backcrosses to the commercial cultivars ‘Pérola’ and ‘BRS Pontal’. The transgene locus was consistently inherited from the crosses analysed in a Mendelian fashion in the segregating populations. The disease resistance reaction co‐inherited with the transgene. Nevertheless, the expression of disease resistance displayed a dosage effect phenomenon in the F1 generation. The analysis of the homozygous near‐isogenic lines in field conditions, under high BGMV disease incidence, indicated that the transgenic lines were completely resistant. These results show the strength of the disease resistance obtained, the stability of the trait across generations and its usefulness in the management of a disease for which there is no reported Phaseolus germplasm with immunity. 相似文献
70.
Nogueira SA Torres SM Malone ED Diaz SF Jessen C Gilbert S 《Veterinary dermatology》2006,17(4):259-265
Imiquimod is an immune response modifier with potent antiviral and antitumour activity. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of an imiquimod 5% cream (Aldaratrade mark: 3M, Saint Paul, MN, USA) as a topical treatment for equine sarcoids. Fifteen horses with a total of 19 tumours were enrolled, including mixed (7), fibroblastic (5), flat (3), verrucous (2), and nodular (2) types. Baseline data included history, physical examination, tumour location, measurement and digital photography. Imiquimod was applied by the owners three times a week until complete resolution of the tumour or 32 weeks, whichever occurred first. Tumours were measured and photographed every 4 weeks. Treatment efficacy was defined as 75% or greater reduction of tumour size by the end of the trial. Four sarcoids were withdrawn from the study. Twelve of the remaining 15 tumours (80%) showed more than 75% reduction in size and nine (60%) totally resolved between 8 and 32 weeks. The most common adverse effects of exudation, erythema, erosions, depigmentation and alopecia were limited to the tumour and adjacent areas. The results suggest that topical imiquimod is a therapeutic option for the treatment of equine sarcoids, although more detailed studies are required to corroborate these initial findings. 相似文献