Male and female cats have different regional body compositions and energy requirements for weight loss and weight maintenance     

Ricardo Souza Vasconcellos  Karina Nogueira Venturelli Gonalves  Naida Cristina Borges  Francisco Jos Albuquerque de Paula  Júlio Carlos Canola  Mrcia de Oliveira Sampaio Gomes  Tnia Zia Miltenburg  Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(5):1546-1555

Body composition and energy requirements are different between males and females in several species, and both interfere with weight loss. The aim of this study was to compare the total and regional body composition and energy requirements in obese male (n = 8) and female (n = 8) cats, during weight loss and weight maintenance over 17 subsequent weeks after regimen. The total and regional (thoracic and pelvic limbs, and trunk) body composition was assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Females exhibited a higher fat mass (FM) than males (p < 0.05), and the trunk was the site with greater fat accumulation regardless of gender. A 23.0 ± 2.8% reduction in body weight was followed by a 50.3 ± 9.4% and a 37.0 ± 8.9% reduction in fat in the trunk region in males and females respectively. Lean mass (LM) mobilization was also increased in the trunk (p < 0.05), and the loss of LM was associated with a reduction in bone mass. The energy intake to achieve the same rate of weight loss was 12.9 ± 3.4% higher in males (p < 0.05). The cats exhibited a gradual increase in energy requirements to maintain their body weight after weight loss (p < 0.05). It was concluded that obese cats mainly accumulate fat in the trunk. The reduction in lean mass after the regimen also occurred in the trunk, with no modifications in the skeletal muscle mass of the limbs. Neutered male cats have higher energy requirements than neutered females, and gender should be considered during obesity management in cats.  相似文献   

Hematologic reference intervals for Xenopus tropicalis with partial use of automatic counting methods and reliability of long‐term stored samples          下载免费PDF全文

Lily A. Maxham  María J. Forzán  Natacha S. Hogan  Raphaël V. Vanderstichel  Cornelia V. Gilroy 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(2):291-299

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Effects of Salinity on the Response of the Wetland Halophyte <Emphasis Type="Italic">Kosteletzkya virginica</Emphasis> (L.) Presl. to Copper Toxicity     

Rui-Ming Han  Isabelle Lefèvre  Cheng-Jiang Ruan  Natacha Beukelaers  Pei Qin  Stanley Lutts 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(3):1137-1150

Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl. is a perennial wetland halophyte which could be exposed to heavy metals in polluted salt marsh environments. In order to investigate the interaction between salinity (50 mM NaCl) and heavy metal, young plants were exposed in hydroponic culture to 10 μM Cu in the presence or absence of 50 mM NaCl. Copper strongly inhibited the leaf emergence and lateral branch development as well as leaf expansion, and induced a significant decrease in plant dry weight (DW), water content (WC), osmotic potential (Ψ _s) and leaf water potential (Ψ _w). Copper treated plants accumulated significantly higher level of Cu in the roots than in the shoots although Cu intake rates decreased with the duration of stress exposure. Additions of NaCl in the absence of Cu excess had no detrimental impact on plant growth. In the presence of Cu excess, NaCl decreased Cu accumulation in roots and stems but had no positive impact on plant growth. Copper induced a large decrease in K concentration in roots and stems as well as a decrease in Ca concentration in the leaves. The impact of Cu and NaCl appeared to be additive on leaf Ψ _s and leaf quaternary ammonium compounds concentrations. It is concluded that K. virginica exhibits a high bioconcentration factor for Cu which could be, at least partly, responsible for its sensitivity to this toxic element. The impact of stress on K and Ca homeostasis is discussed in relation to ion distribution and presence of mucilage in the plant.  相似文献   

Ovariectomy by left flank approach in prepubertal Nelore (Bos indicus) heifers          下载免费PDF全文

Juliana R. Peiró  Geison M. Nogueira  Guilherme P. Nogueira  Silvia H.V. Perri  Daniel Cardoso 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2009,73(3):237-240

The main objective of this study was to evaluate a recumbent left flank approach to bilateral ovariectomy in prepubertal heifers and to develop an optimal surgical technique for this procedure. Both ovaries were removed from 6 Nelore heifers by left flank approach without any complications, except in 1 heifer, which was believed to have had only 1 ovary based on ultrasound and exploration during surgery, but was later found to have a remaining functional ovary. Ovariectomy via left flank approach in recumbent prepubertal heifers is feasible and technically easy. This procedure does not involve special instrumentation and, despite the invasive approach, it allows optimal visualization of the ovaries and uterus.  相似文献   

Environmental risk assessment of a metal-contaminated area in the Tropics. Tier I: screening phase     

Júlia C. Niemeyer  Matilde Moreira-Santos  Marco Antonio Nogueira  Gabriel Machado Carvalho  Rui Ribeiro  Eduardo Mendes Da Silva  José Paulo Sousa 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(8):1557-1571

Purpose  

The present study presents data on the screening phase (tier 1) of a site-specific ecological risk assessment in a former smelter area heavily contaminated with metals (Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil). Joining information from three lines of evidence (LoE), chemical, ecotoxicological, and ecological, integrated risk values were calculated to rank sites within the area and identify those that may need further investigation in tier 2.  相似文献   

Ocurrence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Philophthalmus gralli</Emphasis> (Trematoda: Philophthalmidae) in farmed ostriches in Brazil     

Guilherme Gomes Verocai  Lauro Nogueira Lopes  Leonardo Burlini  Thaís Ribeiro Correia  Clarissa Pimentel de Souza  Katherina Coumendouros 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1241-1242

This paper reports the occurrence of parasitism by the Oriental eye-fluke, Philophthalmus gralli in ostriches reared in a commercial flock from the State of Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil. The two affected birds presented lacrimation, inflammatory reaction and loss of body condition. After physical examination the birds revealed, 17 and 15 trematodes each, only in the right eyes. The economic impact of this parasite on Brazilian ostrich industry is still undetermined, requiring further studies.  相似文献   

In-soil potassium sensor system     

Lemos SG  Nogueira AR  Torre-Neto A  Parra A  Artigas J  Alonso J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(19):5810-5815

A potentiometric sensor system based on potassium ion-selective electrodes was developed for agricultural purposes. Sensors were built using PVC ion-selective membranes over an inner solid contact prepared with graphite-epoxy composites. A copper plate was used as a reference electrode. A two-stage electronic circuit composed of current and voltage amplifiers was designed to interface the sensors to a distributed data acquisition system. Three ion-selective sensors and three off-the-shelf temperature sensors and their associated circuits were mounted in a PVC tube to set up a soil probe. The electronic controls were placed in an airtight box fixed at the upper part of the probe. The system was evaluated in the field, where the sensors presented sensibility within the range of 69-71 mV dec(-)(1). Extracts of soil samples were analyzed by a current flame photometry approach, and the results, compared with the probe measurements, showed a linear relationship (r (2) = 0.992 and 0.995, respectively, to 5 and 20 cm depths), which implies viability and instrumentation reliability for agricultural applications.  相似文献   

Growth and nutritional disorders of coffee cultivated in nutrient solutions with suppressed macronutrients     

Rilner Alves Flores  Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira Borges  Hilário Júnior Almeida  Renato De Mello Prado 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(11):1578-1588

The objective was to evaluate the effect of omitting macronutrients in the nutrients solution on growth characteristics and nutritional status of coffee. The treatments were complete nutrients solutions and solutions with nutrient omission: N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), K (potassium), Ca (calcium), Mg (magnesium) and S (sulfur). The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions with 3 replicates in a completely random design. Plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, relative chlorophyll index, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration, dry matter, content levels of macronutrients in plant aerial part and root system, and nutritional disorders were evaluated. Macronutrients suppression affected nutrients concentration in many plant parts, inducing the appearance of symptoms characteristic of each nutrient. The most limiting nutrients for coffee plants development were nitrogen and calcium, reflected in the lower dry matter accumulation and nitrogen the most required.  相似文献   

Macronutrient omission and the development and nutritional status of basil in nutritive solution     

Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira Borges  Rilner Alves Flores  Hilário Júnior de Almeida  Leandro Rossato Moda  Renato de Mello Prado 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(11):1627-1633

The correct nutrition of basil (Ocinum basilicum L.) is important to increase its production and quality; however, few papers have deal with this subject. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of omission of individual macronutrients on the growth and nutritional status of basil cultivated in nutritive solution. The treatments consisted of nutrient solutions with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium or sulfur (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, or S) omissions and a complete solution treatment. The plants were cultivated in 8 L plant pots. Plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, relative chlorophyll index, net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, plant dry matter, concentration levels of macronutrients in the aerial part and root system, and nutritional disorders were all evaluated. Nutrient omission was a limiting factor for plant development, substantially reducing its growth. There was also a considerable decrease in nutrient accumulation when compared to the control treatment.  相似文献   

A genomewide association study in divergently selected lines in rabbits reveals novel genomic regions associated with litter size traits     

Bolívar Samuel Sosa-Madrid  María Antonia Santacreu  Agustín Blasco  Luca Fontanesi  Romi Natacha Pena  Noelia Ibáñez-Escriche 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(2):123-138

Uterine capacity (UC), defined as the total number of kits from unilaterally ovariectomized does at birth, has a high genetic correlation with litter size. The aim of our research was to identify genomic regions associated with litter size traits through a genomewide association study using rabbits from a divergent selection experiment for UC. A high-density SNP array (200K) was used to genotype 181 does from a control population, high and low UC lines. Traits included total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), number born dead, ovulation rate (OR), implanted embryos (IE) and embryo, foetal and prenatal survivals at second parity. We implemented the Bayes B method and the associations were tested by Bayes factors and the percentage of genomic variance (GV) explained by windows. Different genomic regions associated with TNB, NBA, IE and OR were found. These regions explained 7.36%, 1.27%, 15.87% and 3.95% of GV, respectively. Two consecutive windows on chromosome 17 were associated with TNB, NBA and IE. This genomic region accounted for 6.32% of GV of TNB. In this region, we found the BMP4, PTDGR, PTGER2, STYX and CDKN3 candidate genes which presented functional annotations linked to some reproductive processes. Our findings suggest that a genomic region on chromosome 17 has an important effect on litter size traits. However, further analyses are needed to validate this region in other maternal rabbit lines.  相似文献