Comment on papers by Evans et al. and Mekel-Bobrov et al. on Evidence for Positive Selection of MCPH1 and ASPM     

Timpson N  Heron J  Smith GD  Enard W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5841):1036; author reply 1036

Evans et al. and Mekel-Bobrov et al. (Reports, 9 September 2005, p. 1717 and 1720, respectively) reported that human genetic variants of Microcephalin (MCPH1) and abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated (ASPM) are under strong positive selection. We genotyped these variants in 9000 children and find no meaningful associations with brain size and various cognitive measures, which indicates that contrary to previous speculations, ASPM and MCPH1 have not been selected for brain-related effects.  相似文献   

Retraction     

Case RB  Chang YP  Smith SB  Gore J  Cozzarelli NR  Bustamante C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5714):1409

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Gene splicing preemption rejected     

Wade N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1977,196(4288):406

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The Selaginella genome identifies genetic changes associated with the evolution of vascular plants     

Banks JA  Nishiyama T  Hasebe M  Bowman JL  Gribskov M  dePamphilis C  Albert VA  Aono N  Aoyama T  Ambrose BA  Ashton NW  Axtell MJ  Barker E  Barker MS  Bennetzen JL  Bonawitz ND  Chapple C  Cheng C  Correa LG  Dacre M  DeBarry J  Dreyer I  Elias M  Engstrom EM  Estelle M  Feng L  Finet C  Floyd SK  Frommer WB  Fujita T  Gramzow L  Gutensohn M  Harholt J  Hattori M  Heyl A  Hirai T  Hiwatashi Y  Ishikawa M  Iwata M  Karol KG  Koehler B  Kolukisaoglu U  Kubo M  Kurata T  Lalonde S  Li K  Li Y  Litt A  Lyons E  Manning G  Maruyama T  Michael TP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6032):960-963

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Mouse B-type lamins are required for proper organogenesis but not by embryonic stem cells     

Kim Y  Sharov AA  McDole K  Cheng M  Hao H  Fan CM  Gaiano N  Ko MS  Zheng Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6063):1706-1710

B-type lamins, the major components of the nuclear lamina, are believed to be essential for cell proliferation and survival. We found that mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) do not need any lamins for self-renewal and pluripotency. Although genome-wide lamin-B binding profiles correlate with reduced gene expression, such binding is not directly required for gene silencing in ESCs or trophectoderm cells. However, B-type lamins are required for proper organogenesis. Defects in spindle orientation in neural progenitor cells and migration of neurons probably cause brain disorganizations found in lamin-B null mice. Thus, our studies not only disprove several prevailing views of lamin-Bs but also establish a foundation for redefining the function of the nuclear lamina in the context of tissue building and homeostasis.  相似文献   

Can nitrogen input mapping from aerial imagery improve nitrous oxide emissions estimates from grazed grassland?     

Maire  Juliette  Gibson-Poole  Simon  Cowan  Nicholas  Krol  Dominika  Somers  Cathal  Reay  Dave S.  Skiba  Ute  Rees  Robert M.  Lanigan  Gary J.  Richards  Karl G. 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(5):1743-1774

Precision Agriculture - Most nitrogen (N) lost to the environment from grazed grassland is produced as a result of N excreted by livestock, released in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions,...  相似文献   

Recombinant DNA: the last look before the leap     

Wade N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1976,192(4236):236-238

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Plant sciences. Plant genes on steroids     

Sablowski R  Harberd NP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5715):1569-1570

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Genetic factors in type 2 diabetes: the end of the beginning?     

O'Rahilly S  Barroso I  Wareham NJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5708):370-373

The intensive search for genetic variants that predispose to type 2 diabetes was launched with optimism, but progress has been slower than was hoped. Even so, major advances have been made in the understanding of monogenic forms of the disease which together represent a substantial health burden, and a few common gene variants that influence susceptibility have now been unequivocally identified. Armed with a better understanding of the tools needed to detect such genes, it seems inevitable that the rate of progress will increase and the relevance of genetic information to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diabetes will become increasingly tangible.  相似文献   

Regulation of dendritic protein synthesis by miniature synaptic events   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sutton MA  Wall NR  Aakalu GN  Schuman EM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5679):1979-1983

We examined dendritic protein synthesis after a prolonged blockade of action potentials alone and after a blockade of both action potentials and miniature excitatory synaptic events (minis). Relative to controls, dendrites exposed to a prolonged blockade of action potentials showed diminished protein synthesis. Dendrites in which both action potentials and minis were blocked showed enhanced protein synthesis, suggesting that minis inhibit dendritic translation. When minis were acutely blocked or stimulated, an immediate increase or decrease, respectively, in dendritic translation was observed. Taken together, these results reveal a role for miniature synaptic events in the acute regulation of dendritic protein synthesis in neurons.  相似文献