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11.
Arnold S. Parco Mavir C. Avellaneda Anna H. Hale Jeffrey W. Hoy Collins A. Kimbeng Michael J. Pontif Kenneth A. Gravois Niranjan Baisakh 《Plant Breeding》2014,133(5):654-659
Brown rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia melanocephala, poses an increasing threat to sugarcane industries worldwide. Recently, markers R12H16 and 9020‐F4 were developed for a major resistance gene Bru1 that contributes to a significant proportion of brown rust resistance in multiple sugarcane industries. Marker‐assisted screening of Louisiana sugarcane germplasm showed a low frequency (4.3%, five out of 117 clones) of Bru1 among sugarcane cultivars and elite breeding clones. Likewise, among progeny of crosses involving wild/exotic germplasm, only 14 of 208 clones (6.7%) tested Bru1 positive. However, Bru1 frequency was higher (28.7%, 52 of 181 clones) in wild/exotic germplasm, which indicated that diverse genetic resources are available for Bru1 introgression. Commercial Bru1‐positive cultivar, ‘L 01‐299', was resistant to brown rust. However, Bru1‐positive cultivar, ‘L 10‐146’, was susceptible while Bru1‐negative cultivars, such as ‘L 99‐233’, showed resistance to brown rust. Bru1‐negative clones with brown rust resistance offer an opportunity to identify alternate sources of resistance, which can be pyramided with Bru1 for effective and durable resistance in sugarcane against the changing pathogen. 相似文献
12.
Sahoo PK Mohanty BR Kumari J Barat A Sarangi N 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(6):527-537
Transferrin partial complementary DNAs were cloned from the livers of five species in four genera of Indian carps (Indian major carp species: Labeo rohita, Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala; medium carp: Puntius sarana; minor carp: Labeo bata) subsequent to polymerase chain reaction amplification with published heterologous primers or self-designed primers derived from conserved regions of transferrin cDNA sequences. The partial transferrin cDNAs of the five species of carps had sizes from 624 to 633 bp (487 bp for L. rohita) and encoded an open reading frame consisting of 206–211 (162 for L. rohita) amino acids. The alignments of carp cDNA sequences showed 85–97% homology and 71–93% homology in deduced amino acid sequences. A phylogenetic tree of amino acid sequences of transferrin cDNAs from carps showed that the relationship among the four genera of Indian carps is well correlated with that derived from classic morphologic analyses. The hypothesized cleavage site and interdomain bridge of transferrin molecule were predicted for the above carp species and interestingly the cleavage site amino acid sequence was found to be conserved among all the carps. To study the tissue-specific expression of the transferrin gene, various tissues (liver, kidney, spleen, brain, muscle, testis, heart, intestine, gill and fin) from apparently healthy (control), moribund and survived C. mrigala experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila infection were analyzed. Transferrin mRNA was detected only in liver RNA and to lesser extent in brain tissue out of the 10 tissues analyzed irrespective of bacterial infection. 相似文献
13.
Bhupamani Das Niranjan Kumar Mehul M. Jadav Jayesh B. Solanki T.K.S. Rao 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(8):1577-1589
This study aims to evaluate the conjunctiva colour-based FAMACHA score (FS) coupled with a body condition score (BCS), haemogram and stressor hormone level estimation, in identifying post-mortem (PM)/coproscopically proven individuals wanting therapy for economically important gastrointestinal (GI) helminths, Haemonchus contortus, in the small ruminants. The incidence of haemonchosis was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (60.81%) in the ruminants with FS = 3. The H. contortus count in the animals with FS 2, 3 and 4 was 23.2 ± 0.37, 62 ± 2.5 and 74 ± 3.2 (p < 0.05) [positive correlation (r = 0.841 in goats; r = 0.828 in sheep, p < 0.05)], respectively, with corresponding 2.8 ± 0.15, 2 ± 0.3 and 2 ± 0.16 BCS (negative correlation, p > 0.05). The infected animals of FS 2, 3 and 4 measured 8.2 ± 0.0, 7.5 ± 0.23 and 6.7 ± 0.34 g/dl Hb (r = ?0.452, p = 0.01) in goats/9.3 ± 0.8, 8.6 ± 0.5 and 7.6 ± 0.3 g/dl Hb (r = ?0.511, p = 0.05) in sheep with 21.2, 19.8 ± 1.8 and 17.8 ± 0.2% PCV (r = ?0.369, p = 0.05) in goats/26.7 ± 1.2, 22.2 ± 0.2 and 20.9 ± 0.6% PCV (r = ?0.251, p = 0.03) in sheep, respectively. The FS 2, 3 and 4 infected goats/sheep measured 6.1 ± 0, 7.9 ± 1.0 and 9.5 ± 0.9 (p < 0.05)/5.8 ± 2.3, 6.9 ± 1.2 and 7.8 ± 0.2% (p < 0.05) mid-granulocyte [(r = 0.928 (goats)/0.834 (sheep), p < 0.05], while the cortisol level was 15.6, 23 ± 4.5 and 42 ± 2.3 (p = 0.23)/12.1 ± 0, 15.9 ± 1.2 and 24 ± 3.4 (p = 0.29) μg/dl, respectively. The infected ruminants recorded low (p < 0.05) level of Hb/PCV while high level of mid-granulocytes/cortisol. Specificity of FAMACHA test was maximized (100%) when FS = 4 was considered anaemic, but sensitivity was low (35.29% in goats; 25% in sheep). The false negatives was 5.9 (goat)/12.5 (sheep)% when FS ≥ 3 was considered anaemic. The small ruminants with FS ≥ 3, BCS ≤ 2.5, Hb ≤ 7.5 g/dl (goats)/8.6 g/dl (sheep), PCV ≤ 19.8% (goats)/22.2% (sheep) and mid-granulocyte ≥7.9% (goats)/6.9 ± 1.2% (sheep) can be subjected to target-selective treatment for haemonchosis in the field simultaneously maximizing the economic benefit to the farmers. 相似文献
14.
Arakere Chunchegowda Udaya Shankar Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka Sathyanarayana Niranjan‐Raj Hanumanthaiah Bhuvanendra Kumar Munagala S Reddy Siddapura Ramachandrappa Niranjana Harishchandra Sripathy Prakash 《Pest management science》2009,65(10):1059-1064
BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the effect of seven Bacillus‐species plant‐growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) seed treatments on the induction of disease resistance in cowpea against mosaic disease caused by the blackeye cowpea mosaic strain of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). RESULTS: Initially, although all PGPR strains recorded significant enhancement of seed germination and seedling vigour, GBO3 and T4 strains were very promising. In general, all strains gave reduced BCMV incidence compared with the non‐bacterised control, both under screen‐house and under field conditions. Cowpea seeds treated with Bacillus pumilus (T4) and Bacillus subtilis (GBO3) strains offered protection of 42 and 41% against BCMV under screen‐house conditions. Under field conditions, strain GBO3 offered 34% protection against BCMV. The protection offered by PGPR strains against BCMV was evaluated by indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with lowest immunoreactive values recorded in cowpea seeds treated with strains GBO3 and T4 in comparison with the non‐bacterised control. In addition, it was observed that strain combination worked better in inducing resistance than individual strains. Cowpea seeds treated with a combination of strains GBO3 + T4 registered the highest protection against BCMV. CONCLUSION: PGPR strains were effective in protecting cowpea plants against BCMV under both screen‐house and field conditions by inducing resistance against the virus. Thus, it is proposed that PGPR strains, particularly GBO3, could be potential inducers against BCMV and growth enhancers in cowpea. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
15.
Sarah E. Bertrand-Garcia Carrie A. Knott Niranjan Baisakh Prasanta K. Subudhi Stephen A. Harrison Michael D. Materne Herry Utomo 《Euphytica》2012,185(1):103-117
Numerous sea oats (Uniola paniculata L.) plants are transplanted to Northern Gulf of Mexico beaches each year to reduce coastal erosion. To adapt to environmental
changes and effectively reduce coastal erosion, genetically diverse sea oats plants with demonstrated plant performance must
be used. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify improved sea oats lines; and (ii) determine the genetic diversity
of improved sea oats lines. From 2003 to 2005, 2,000 sea oats lines were evaluated in unreplicated field trials at natural
beach sites. In 2005, 75 sea oats lines were selected based upon phenotypic performance. The 75 selected lines and 3 plants
of ‘Caminada’, the only commercially available sea oats line, were evaluated in replicated field trials in 2008 and 2010.
In 2008, UP01LA-15 K-HB-3092, UP01LA-16S-GP-3138, UP01LA-31-GP-3103, UP01LA-33-GP-1303, and UP01NC-04-HB-3374 had higher (p < 0.05) stem densities than Caminada. In 2010, variation was not detected for any trait measured; lack of significant differences
was most likely due to plant stress caused by storm surge one week after transplant. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism
detected 534 loci for the 75 selected lines and 3 Caminada plants. One hundred eighty one loci were polymorphic; the average
polymorphism rate was 34% (range = 25–43%). Polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.15 to 0.41 and averaged 0.29
while Jaccard similarity coefficients ranged from 0.8243 to 0.9794. These findings demonstrate the application of plant breeding
techniques to develop genetically different sea oats lines with improved performance for coastal restoration projects in the
northern Gulf of Mexico. 相似文献
16.
Saket K. Niranjan Sitangsu M. Deb Arjava Sharma Abhijit Mitra Subodh Kumar 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,130(3-4):268-271
In the present study, we explored structural and functional variations and possible duplication of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-DQA gene in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Two cDNA sequences, amplified from one individual water buffalo, were designated as Bubu-DQA1 (DQA*0101) and -DQA2 (DQA*2001). The percentage of nucleotide and amino acid similarity between Bubu-DQA1 and -DQA2 revealed that these sequences display more similarity to alleles of respective DQA1 and DQA2 genes from other ruminant species than to each other. The phylogenetic analysis also revealed a considerably larger genetic distance between these two genes than between homologous genes from other species. The larger genetic distance between DQA*0101 and DQA*2001, and the presence of different bovine DQA putative locus specific amino acid motifs, suggests these sequences are non-allelic. This finding is consistent with DQA gene duplication in other ruminants. 相似文献
17.
Summary Factors affecting the volume expansion of potato cubes during puffing in a fluidised bed were examined. It was found that
puffing temperature, initial size, pre-drying time and puffing time influenced the degree of expansion of the cube during
the puffing step. Blanching alone was found not to influence expansion, but in conjunction with the other factors it was found
that blanched samples showed greater volume expansion than unblanched samples. The optimum conditions for maximum volume expansion
were found to be; blanching for 80 s, cube size between 7.5–12.5 mm, pre-drying time of 90 min. at 90°C and a puffing time
of 270s at 130°C. 相似文献
18.
Kanika Singh Hitesh B. Vasava Didier Snoeck Bhabani S. Das David Yinil Damien Field Todd Sanderson Chris Fidelis Israr Majeed Niranjan Panigrahi 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(3):492-502
In this study, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) approach was examined for making input recommendations in the smallholder cocoa farms of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Soil samples were collected from four provinces of PNG. Soil samples from four different depths (0–10, 10–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm) of 32 profiles in each of these site were used to create a database of soil chemical and physical properties. Spectral reflectance values at 1 nm interval covering visible to shortwave‐infrared (350–2,500 nm) were collected for each of these soil samples to develop partial least squares regression models. Soil textural fractions, soil organic carbon contents and available N were well predicted by the DRS approach with R2 values larger than 0.75. Moderate to poor estimation efficiencies were observed for remaining parameters. Nevertheless, the estimated soil attributes and their corresponding measured soil parameters were used as inputs to an input recommendation model of soil diagnosis to create input recommendation for a targeted cocoa yield of 1,000 kg dry cocoa beans ha‐1 Resulting input recommendations were similar for both of these input sources (measured and DRS‐estimated) suggesting that the DRS approach may provide an easy way to create input recommendations. 相似文献
19.
The fish-seed production industry in India has recorded remarkable growth over the last three decades. The hypophysation technique
was successfully introduced into India in 1957 and steady progress towards the refinement of the technique has been registered,
which has revolutionized carp seed production in the Indian subcontinent. Advancement of carp maturity through brood stock
management and multiple breeding has enabled spawn production well ahead of the monsoon and even beyond, ensuring seed availability
throughout the year. The quality of seed is an important consideration for commercial aquaculturists. So, partial stock replenishment
in carp hatcheries is practised to overcome the problem of inbreeding, which otherwise leads to poor growth of carps. Similarly,
gametes of improved stock are cryopreserved and utilized for quality seed production as well as upgrading the brood stock
of carps. The gamete cryopreservation protocol for carps is the focus of this review. An attempt has also been made to incorporate
information on carp brood stock management, inducing agents, and seed production, including hatchery management. 相似文献
20.
Bhattacharya TK Chatterjee RN Sharma RP Rajkumar U Niranjan M Reddy BL 《British poultry science》2011,52(5):551-557
1. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing was performed in White Leghorn hens to explore the polymorphisms present in the promoter of the prolactin gene. The effects of different genotypes on egg production and quality traits were determined, and expression of the prolactin gene in different genotypes was quantified by real time-PCR.
2. Five genotypes and four alleles at each of two Fragments of the promoter were found, of which the FG genotype in Fragment 1 and the PQ genotype in Fragment 2 were the most predominant genotypes.
3. The genotypes of Fragment 1 had significant effects (P?
4. Prolactin expression in the genotypes of Fragment 1 differed significantly and GH genotyped birds had the highest level of expression. The genotypes of Fragment 2 did not show any significant differences of expression.
5. It was concluded that the prolactin gene promoter was highly polymorphic, and had significant effects on egg quality traits in White Leghorn hens. 相似文献