Prevalence of antibodies to Lawsonia intracellularis in pig herds in Australia     

PK Holyoake  D Emery  J Gonsalves  M Donahoo  A Collins 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(5):186-188

Objective Proliferative enteropathy (PE) of pigs is caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. Clinical severity appears to depend, at least partly, on the infective dose and strain of L. intracellularis. Serological tests are able to detect subclinical disease. The Bioscreen ELISA for detecting L. intracellularis-specific antibodies is widely used to monitor the circulating antibody status of pigs in Australia, but its sensitivity and specificity have not been reported. The aim of the present study was to measure the seroprevalence of antibodies to L. intracellularis in growing pigs in Australia. Methods Test sera were sourced from 1817 serum samples collected from finisher pigs from 63 herds across Australia in 2001, selected from a larger sample of 180 herds to represent the contribution that each herd size makes to the number of pigs produced. The test sera were the most recent collection of pig sera from all states and samples had been stored at −80°C from 2001 until testing was conducted in 2008. Sera were tested using the BioScreen ELISA. Results All herds tested positive for L. intracellularis-specific antibodies. The mean percentage of positive samples within each herd was 84.2% (range 31.3–100%). Conclusions Lawsonia intracellularis is endemic in pig herds in Australia and cost-effective strategies to reduce reliance on antibiotics, such as vaccination and/or all-in/all-out pig flow coupled with cleaning and disinfection of pens, are warranted.  相似文献   

Investigating risk factors and possible infectious aetiologies of mummified fetuses on a large piggery in Australia     

N Dron  M Hernández‐Jover  RE Doyle  PK Holyoake 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(12):472-478

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Simulation of the economic impact of proliferative enteritis on pig production in Australia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

PK HOLYOAKE  BP MULLAN†  RS CUTLER 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(3):89-92

The economic impact of proliferative enteritis (PE) on an ‘average’ pig farm was calculated using the AUSPIG decision support system. Inputs were modelled on actual cases of PE, in which affected herds suffered from depressed growth rate, decreased feed efficiency and stock losses. The costs associated with non-haemorrhagic PE and proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy ranged from $15/sow/yr to $141/sow/yr, respectively, depending on the clinical severity of the disease, incidence of infection and the type of medication strategy used to treat and control the disease.  相似文献   

沙棘叶水提物适应原性及安全性评价     

花圣卓  王宏昊  滕晓萍  温中平  Banerjee PK  Kumar R 《国际沙棘研究与开发》2011,(2):39-48

本文评估了沙棘叶水提物在大白鼠体内的适应原活性和毒性.提取物的剂量依赖性适应原活性的研究采取将小鼠置于低温(5℃),低压(428mmHg),抑制(C-H-R)的环境下的30min前口服不同剂量的沙棘叶水提物.在亚急性毒性中,连续14d每天口服10倍和20倍最大有效剂量（每天口服1g/kg体重和2g/kg体重）和连续30...  相似文献   

Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Homologous and Heterologous DNA Vaccines against Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Pacific Herring     

Lucas M. Hart  Niels Lorenzen  Katja Einer-Jensen  Maureen K. Purcell  Paul K. Hershberger 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(3):121-128

Abstract

Homologous and heterologous (genogroup Ia) DNA vaccines against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (genogroup IVa) conferred partial protection in Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii. Early protection at 2 weeks postvaccination (PV) was low and occurred only at an elevated temperature (12.6°C, 189 degree days), where the relative percent survival following viral exposure was similar for the two vaccines (IVa and Ia) and higher than that of negative controls at the same temperature. Late protection at 10 weeks PV was induced by both vaccines but was higher with the homologous vaccine at both 9.0°C and 12.6°C. Virus neutralization titers were detected among 55% of all vaccinated fish at 10 weeks PV. The results suggest that the immune response profile triggered by DNA vaccination of herring was similar to that reported for Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by Lorenzen and LaPatra in 2005, who found interferon responses in the early days PV and the transition to adaptive response later. However, the protective effect was far less prominent in herring, possibly reflecting different physiologies or adaptations of the two fish species.

Received August 1, 2016; accepted March 10, 2017 Published online July 11, 2017  相似文献   

Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Buffalo Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells     

NE Gade  MD Pratheesh  A Nath  PK Dubey  Amarpal  B Sharma  G Saikumar  G Taru Sharma 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):358-367

Immune privileged mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple cell types and possess great potential for human and veterinary regenerative therapies. This study was designed with an objective to isolate, expand and characterize buffalo bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) at molecular and cellular level. Buffalo BM‐MSCs were isolated by Ficoll density gradient method and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS). These cells were characterized through alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining, colony‐forming unit (CFU) assay, mRNA expression analysis (CD 73, CD 90, CD 105, Oct4 and Nanog), immunolocalization along with flow cytometry (Stro 1, CD 73, CD 105, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) and in situ hybridization (Oct4 and Sox2). Multilineage differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic) was induced in vitro, which was further assessed by specific staining. Buffalo BM‐MSCs have the capacity to form plastic adherent clusters of fibroblast‐like cells and were successfully maintained up to 16^th passage. These cells were AP positive, and further CFU assay confirmed their clonogenic property. RT‐PCR analysis and protein localization study showed that buffalo BM‐MSCs are positive for various cell surface markers and pluripotency markers. Cytoplasmic distribution of mRNA for pluripotency markers in buffalo BM‐MSCs and multilineage differentiation were induced in vitro, which was further assessed by specific staining. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of buffalo BM‐MSCs, which suggests that MSCs can be derived and expanded from buffalo bone marrow and can be used after characterization as a novel agent for regenerative therapy.  相似文献   

Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy in two young horses     

PK Readford  GD Lester  CJ Secombe 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(5):209-212

Two cases of temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO) in young Australian horses are described. The pathogenesis of THO is yet to be fully elucidated, but current theories include extension of infection from otitis media or interna to the temporohyoid joint or a primary but non‐infectious degenerative condition within the temporohyoid joint. The young age of the horses and the unilateral distribution suggested an infectious aetiology. Both horses partially responded to treatment with broad‐spectrum antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory drugs with concurrent management of ulcerative keratitis. The management of violent head shaking in one horse included the administration of gabapentin, an anticonvulsant known to have antihyperalgesic effects and reduce neuropathic pain.  相似文献   

Assessment of current disease surveillance activities for pigs post-farmgate in New South Wales     

AK Schemann  M Hernández-Jover  W Hall  PK Holyoake  J-ALML Toribio 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(3):75-83

Objectives Evaluate current disease surveillance activities at saleyards and abattoirs in New South Wales (NSW) in order to establish the prevalence of clinical anomalies in pigs at different sites and to compare the sensitivity of detecting anomalies inside versus outside of pens. Procedure Routine inspections of pigs by staff and government inspectors were observed at two saleyards and two abattoirs in NSW during three visits over a 2-month period (January 2008–March 2008). All pigs presented for sale or slaughter were examined for 19 clinical anomalies from either the side of the pen or while animals were moving outside the pen, with data being combined to give an assumed ‘gold standard’. We compared the prevalence of anomalies among animals at the four sites using logistic regression, as well as the sensitivity of detection of the two inspection methods. Results Frequency and methodology of routine inspection varied among sites. Of the 7747 pigs inspected, 822 (10.6%) showed at least one clinical anomaly. There was moderate agreement between detecting anomalies in penned pigs versus while being moved. Pigs at one abattoir exhibited significantly fewer anomalies than pigs at the other sites. Conclusion The prevalence of anomalies among pigs at saleyards and abattoirs in NSW was relatively high (≈10%). Weaknesses in current disease surveillance activities for pigs post-farmgate have been identified. Increased regulation, surveillance training and modification of standard operational procedures for inspection have the potential to improve the current system.  相似文献   

A diagnostic dilemma: detecting proliferative enteritis in pigs at slaughter     

PK HOLYOAKE  RS CUTLER  IW CAPLE 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(9):308-309

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Effects of FGF10 on Bovine Oocyte Meiosis Progression,Apoptosis, Embryo Development and Relative Abundance of Developmentally Important Genes In Vitro          下载免费PDF全文

RF Pomini Pinto  PK Fontes  B Loureiro  AC Sousa Castilho  J Sousa Ticianelli  E Montanari Razza  RA Satrapa  J Buratini  C Moraes Barros 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(1):84-90

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF10) acts at the cumulus oocyte complex, increasing the expression of cumulus cell expansion‐related genes and oocyte competency genes. We tested the hypothesis that addition of FGF10 to the maturation medium improves oocyte maturation, decreases the percentage of apoptotic oocytes and increases development to the blastocyst stage while increasing the relative abundance of developmentally important genes (COX2, CDX2 and PLAC8). In all experiments, oocytes were matured for 22 h in TCM‐199 supplemented with 0, 2.5, 10 or 50 ng/ml FGF10. In Experiment 1, after maturation, oocytes were stained with Hoechst to evaluate meiosis progression (metaphase I, intermediary phases and extrusion of the first polar body) and submitted to the TUNEL assay to evaluate apoptosis. In Experiment 2, oocytes were fertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage. Blastocysts were frozen for analysis of COX2, CDX2 and PLAC8 relative abundance. In Experiment 1, 2.5 ng/ml FGF10 increased (p < 0.05) the percentage of oocytes with extrusion of the first polar body (35%) compared to 0, 10 and 50 ng/ml FGF10 (21, 14 and 12%, respectively) and FGF10 decreased the percentage of oocytes that were TUNEL positive in all doses studied. In Experiment 2, there was no difference in the percentage of oocytes becoming blastocysts between treatments and control. Real‐time RT‐PCR showed a tendency of 50 ng/ml FGF10 to increase the relative abundance of COX2 and PLAC8 and of 10 ng/ml FGF10 to increase CDX2. In conclusion, the addition of FGF10 to the oocyte maturation medium improves oocyte maturation in vitro, decreases the percentage of apoptotic oocytes and tends to increase the relative abundance of developmentally important genes.  相似文献