滨海盐碱地不同耐盐草本植物土壤养分动态变化   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

潘洁  王立艳  肖辉  程文娟  杨勇 《中国农学通报》2015,31(18):168-172

为探求不同耐盐草本植物对滨海盐碱地生物改良效果,促进盐碱地土壤理化性质向良性循环方向发展,在天津大港地区以盐碱荒地为对照,选取4种耐盐草本植物（田菁、苜蓿、苏丹草、碱蓬）进行试验研究。经过2年(2012—2013)的试验研究,分析了不同耐盐植物对滨海盐碱地土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾的影响。结果表明：随着生育期的延长,4种耐盐植物土壤有机质含量整体变化趋于平稳,土壤速效氮含量表现出逐渐下降的趋势,土壤速效磷整体上表现出了下降的趋势,而土壤速效钾含量与前三者均不同,均表现出了逐渐上升的趋势。耐盐植物处理随着生育期的延长,土壤N/P、N/K、P/K的差异显著性变化趋势表现不同。土壤N/P和P/K的差异显著性变化趋势均表现不同;土壤N/K差异显著性变化趋势表现一致,均表现出逐渐降低。4种耐盐草本植物对土壤有机质、速效氮磷钾的改良效果存在着差异,其中碱蓬处理对于增加土壤有机质效果显著,苜蓿处理对于提高土壤速效氮磷钾含量效果显著。  相似文献   

不同压出室下叶轮切割对离心泵性能影响     

杨从新  富友  强盼  刘洋 《排灌机械工程学报》2015,33(9):750-755

为研究2种不同压出室下叶轮切割对离心泵性能的影响,以及单级单个叶轮切割与多级下单个叶轮切割的差异,基于N-S方程、标准k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法对MD-280-43×6型多级离心清水泵进行三维数值模拟.计算结果表明:以单级单个叶轮为切割目标时,随着切割量增大,螺旋形压出室的水力效率变化趋势比径向导叶式压出室的变化趋势更为明显,压水室水力损失每叶轮2%切割量,损失平均增长分别为0.360,0.193 m,2种压出室内部动压分布及对叶轮所产生径向力的变化趋势有明显差异;以多级下单个叶轮切割与单级单个叶轮切割的对比为目标时,对于径向导叶式压出室离心泵和螺旋形压出室离心泵,其水力效率、扬程、内部湍动能分布与各种单级单个模型平均偏差分别为1.644%,0.279%,2.090 m,1.573 m,1.302 J/kg,1.548 J/kg;不同压出室下叶轮切割特性的研究,应考虑压出室所带来的差异;多级泵叶轮切割特性研究时,应尽量回归多级环境进行研究.  相似文献   

Root exudates from two tobacco cultivars affect colonization of Ralstonia solanacearum and the disease index     

Kai Wu  Saifei Yuan  Guanhua Xun  Wen Shi  Bin Pan  Huilin Guan  Biao Shen  Qirong Shen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,141(4):667-677

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超高效液相色谱质谱联用检测苹果和土壤中丙撑硫脲的残留分析方法     

冯义志  潘金菊  刘伟 《农药科学与管理》2015,36(1):31-33

建立了丙撑硫脲在苹果和土壤中的残留分析方法。样品经提取乙腈提取、PSA净化后质谱检测器检测。结果表明:添加质量分数为0.01~0.5mg/kg时,丙撑硫脲在苹果和土壤中平均添加回收率分别为76.5%~98.3%和84.9%~99.0%,相对标准偏差分别为3.1%~4.9%和3.2%~9.0%。丙撑硫脲在苹果中的最低检出质量分数为0.01mg/kg。该方法快速简便,准确可靠。  相似文献   

代谢组学在乳酸菌发酵食品研究中的应用     

赵丹  杜仁鹏  刘鹏飞  潘超  葛菁萍 《中国农学通报》2015,31(8):240-244

乳酸菌是具有调节免疫、防癌抗突变的益生菌,也是食品生产中的重要工业发酵菌群。代谢组学技术已在乳酸菌发酵食品的进程监控、产品分型、风味形成机理等研究中广泛应用。本研究概述了代谢组学在食品与营养科学研究中的分离和检测技术平台以及数据分析方法,着重阐述了代谢组学技术在乳酸菌发酵食品行业中的应用现状,包括乳制品、豆制品、腌渍食品和饮品。未来代谢组学在乳酸菌发酵食品中的研究将集中在功能性乳酸菌的代谢机理、乳酸菌代谢组学数据库建设和扩容、代谢组学与基因组学、蛋白质组学等系统生物学技术结合应用等领域,尤其是代谢组学技术引入腐乳、酸菜等中国传统乳酸菌发酵食品的产品开发和品质监控,完善行业规范并提升行业发展水平。  相似文献   

乳成分对凝固型酸乳贮藏品质的影响     

任江红  李龙柱  秦立虎  王攀 《乳业科学与技术》2015,38(4):14-17

鲜乳的乳成分随季节、温度、挤乳时间及次数变化明显,导致用其直接加工的酸乳品质差异较大,因此,本实验研究了不同乳蛋白、乳脂肪和乳糖添加量对酸乳贮藏期间酸度和持水性的影响.结果表明:酸乳贮藏持水性随乳蛋白、乳脂肪和乳糖添加量的升高而明显增强;酸度随乳蛋白添加量的增加明显上升,而脂肪和乳糖添加量对凝固型酸乳贮藏酸度无明显影响.  相似文献   

Effects of structure design on resilience and acoustic absorption properties of porous flexible-foam based perforated composites     

Ching-Wen Lou  Shih-Yu Huang  Chen-Hung Huang  Yi-Jun Pan  Ruosi Yan  Chien-Teng Hsieh  Jia-Horng Lin 《Fibers and Polymers》2015,16(12):2652-2662

In this paper, perforated composite panel was combined with porous and resonance structures to investigate the influence on acoustic absorption and resilient properties. The perforated composite panel was fabricated based on highdensity flexible-foam via perforating and reinforcing with laminated hybrid nonwoven fabric. Effect of aperture size (AS) (ranging from 3 mm to 6 mm), perforation ratio (PR) (5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %) and perforation depth (PD) (25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) on the compressive hardness, rebound resilience and acoustic absorption properties was explored. Multiply hybrid nonwoven fabric which was fabricated with low-melting point polyester (LMPET), flame-retardant polyester (FRPET) and recycled Kevlar fibers was utilized to reinforce the flexible composites and improve the acoustic property. Nonwoven that was fabricated with entangled LMPET fibers had porous structures which could reinforce the flexible foam and enhance the acoustic absorption properties. The result revealed that the continuity and supporting of porous flexible foam had directly influence the compressive hardness. The maximum hardness of the flexible-foam based perforated composites reached 420 N. The rebound resilience result showed that the sample had high resilient structure and the resilience was up to 48 %. The perforated flexible composites plate (PFP) with 4 mm-AS performed the highest acoustic absorption coefficient at 0.9. The acoustic absorption coefficient was higher than 0.8 in the frequency range from 800 to 1600 Hz and 1600 to 2400 Hz when perforated composites had 4 mm-AS at 5 % and 10 % perforation ratio. With the increase in perforation ratio, absorption peak moved from 3200 Hz to 4000 Hz. Hybrid nonwoven laminated layer help to broaden the frequency range of acoustic absorption of perforated high-density flexible foam based composites panel. Acoustic absorption coefficient was higher than 0.4 when frequency ranging from 900 Hz to 4000 Hz.  相似文献   

Piscidin is Highly Active against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and NDM-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumonia in a Systemic Septicaemia Infection Mouse Model     

Chieh-Yu Pan  Jian-Chyi Chen  Te-Li Chen  Jen-Leih Wu  Cho-Fat Hui  Jyh-Yih Chen 《Marine drugs》2015,13(4):2287-2305

This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of two synthetic antimicrobial peptides from an aquatic organism, tilapia piscidin 3 (TP3) and tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4), in vitro and in a murine sepsis model, as compared with ampicillin, tigecycline, and imipenem. Mice were infected with (NDM-1)-producing K. pneumonia and multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and subsequently treated with TP3, TP4, or antibiotics for different periods of time (up to 168 h). Mouse survival and bacterial colony forming units (CFU) in various organs were measured after each treatment. Toxicity was determined based on observation of behavior and measurement of biochemical parameters. TP3 and TP4 exhibited strong activity against K. pneumonia and A. baumannii in vitro. Administration of TP3 (150 μg/mouse) or TP4 (50 μg/mouse) 30 min after infection with K. pneumonia or A. baumannii significantly increased survival in mice. TP4 was more effective than tigecycline at reducing CFU counts in several organs. TP3 and TP4 were shown to be non-toxic, and did not affect mouse behavior. TP3 and TP4 are able at potentiate anti-Acinetobacter baumannii or anti-Klebsiella pneumonia drug activity, reduce bacterial load, and prevent drug resistance, indicating their potential for use in combating multidrug-resistant bacteria.  相似文献   

Anti-Obese Effect of Glucosamine and Chitosan Oligosaccharide in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats     

Lanlan Huang  Jian Chen  Peiqiu Cao  Haitao Pan  Chen Ding  Tiancun Xiao  Pengfei Zhang  Jiao Guo  Zhengquan Su 《Marine drugs》2015,13(5):2732-2756

Objective: This study is to evaluate the anti-obese effects of glucosamine (GLC) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into twelve groups: a normal diet group (NF), a high-fat diet group (HF), Orlistat group, GLC high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (GLC-H, GLC-M, GLC-L), COS1 (COS, number-average molecular weight ≤1000) high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (COS1-H, COS1-M, COS1-L), and COS2 (COS, number-average molecular weight ≤3000) high-, middle-, and low-dose groups (COS2-H, COS2-M, COS2-L). All groups received oral treatment by gavage once daily for a period of six weeks. Results: Rats fed with COS1 gained the least weight among all the groups (P < 0.01), and these rats lost more weight than those treated with Orlistat. In addition to the COS2-H and Orlistat groups, the serum total cholesterol (CHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly reduced in all treatment groups compared to the HF group (P < 0.01). The various doses of GLC, COS1 and COS2 reduced the expression levels of PPARγ and LXRα mRNA in the white adipose tissue. Conclusions: The results above demonstrated that GLC, COS1, and COS2 improved dyslipidemia and prevented body weight gains by inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet. Thus, these agents may potentially be used to treat obesity.  相似文献   

热稳定性对甲基对硫磷水解酶在毕赤酵母中分泌的影响     

龚攀  范家佑  田健  伍宁丰  初晓宇 《中国农业科技导报》2015,17(3):42-48

甲基对硫磷水解酶可生物降解有机磷农药,由于其特殊的应用价值,越来越受到人们的关注。来源于苍白杆菌的甲基对硫磷水解酶MPH-Och在毕赤酵母系统中不能有效地分泌表达。将热稳定性提高的突变体MPH-S274Q在毕赤酵母中表达,发现其毕赤酵母重组菌株经摇瓶诱导培养120 h后,培养上清的酶活力达到0.7 U/mL,蛋白分泌量是野生型的14倍,SDS-PAGE电泳图中培养上清有明显的蛋白质条带,进一步证明了分泌效率提高,该结果表明提高蛋白质的热稳定性可以作为提高外源蛋白在毕赤酵母中的分泌效率的一条有效途径。  相似文献