Epidermolysis bullosa simplex in sibling Eurasier dogs is caused by a PLEC non‐sense variant          下载免费PDF全文

Elizabeth A. Mauldin  Ping Wang  Thierry Olivry  Paula S. Henthorn  Margret L. Casal 《Veterinary dermatology》2017,28(1):10-e3

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Involvement of the β-cinnamomin elicitin in infection and colonisation of cork oak roots by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora cinnamomi</Emphasis>     

Marília Horta  Paula Caetano  Clara Medeira  Isabel Maia  Alfredo Cravador 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,127(3):427-436

The virulence of two wild type (PA45 and PA37) and two genetically modified (13C: hygromycin resistant; FATSS: hygromycin resistant and β-cin knock-down) Phytophthora cinnamomi strains towards cork oak (Quercus suber) was assessed via a quantitative evaluation of disease symptoms arising from a soil infestation assay, and by a histological analysis of root colonization. Comparison of virulence, as expressed by symptom severity, resulted in the following ranking: highly virulent (wild type strains), medium virulence (strain 13C) and weakly virulent (FATSS). Both transgenic strains were compromised in their virulence, as expressed by symptom severity, but strain 13C was much less affected than FATSS. Microscopic observation showed that the FATSS strain was unable to effectively invade the root, while 13C and the two wild type strains were all able to rapidly colonize the whole root, including the vascular tissue. These results strengthen the notion that elicitins are associated, either directly or indirectly, with the infection process of Phytophthora.  相似文献   

Inheritance of coffee leaf rust resistance and identification of AFLP markers linked to the resistance gene     

Giovani Greigh de Brito  Eveline Teixeira Caixeta  Ana Paula Gallina  Eunize Maciel Zambolim  Laércio Zambolim  Valdir Diola  Marcelo Elhers Loureiro 《Euphytica》2010,173(2):255-264

The most important disease of Coffea arabica is coffee leaf rust caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix. The purpose of this study was to characterize the inheritance of coffee resistance gene(s) to race II of this pathogen and to identify and map molecular markers linked to this trait. Different populations were used: F₂ (160 plants), BCr (20), and BCs (135), derived from a cross between the resistant genotype Híbrido de Timor UFV 427-15 and the susceptible cultivar Catuaí Amarelo UFV 2143-236 (IAC 30). The segregation analysis showed that the resistance of Híbrido de Timor to race II of the H. vastatrix is conferred by a single dominant gene. The amplification of 176 AFLP (Amplified fragment length polymorphism) primer combinations using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) allowed the identification of three molecular markers linked to the resistance gene. Genetic mapping of these three markers in the F₂ population indicated that they are distributed on both sides, flanking the resistance gene. The markers E.CTC/M.TTT405 and E.CGT/M.TGT300 were found linked to the resistance gene at 8.69 cM (LOD 18.91) and 25.10 cM (LOD 5.37), respectively, while E.CCT/M.TTC230 was localized on the other side of the gene, at 20.50 cM (LOD 6.15). These markers are the first rust resistance markers identified in Híbrido de Timor and can be useful for marker assisted selection in coffee breeding programs.  相似文献   

Panniculitis attributable to Mycobacterium goodii in an immunocompetent dog in Georgia     

Krimer PM  Phillips KM  Miller DM  Sanchez S 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2010,237(9):1056-1059

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Early acute depletion of lymphocytes in calicivirus-infected adult rabbits     

Raquel M. Marques  António Costa-e-Silva  Artur P. Águas  Luzia Teixeira  Paula G. Ferreira 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(8):659-668

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD) is a lethal infection caused by calicivirus that kills 90% of the infected adult rabbits within 3 days. The calicivirus replicates in the liver and causes a fulminant hepatitis. Most studies on the pathology of RHD have been focused on the fulminant liver disease. This may not be the only mechanism in the pathogenesis of RHD: calicivirus infection may also induce leukopenia in the infected adult rabbits. We show now by flow cytometry analysis that the calicivirus induces an early decrease in B and T cells, in both spleen and liver. The depletion of B and T cells was associated with apoptosis labelled by annexin V. These changes occurred in rabbits before they showed enzymatic evidence of liver damage and persisted after liver transaminase values were very high. We conclude that depletion of lymphocytes caused by the calicivirus infection precedes or attends liver damage. The relative contribution of this lymphocyte depletion for the pathogenesis of the fatal calicivirus infection of rabbits remains to be investigated.  相似文献   

A generalized nonlinear mixed-effects height–diameter model for Eucalyptus globulus L. in northwestern Spain     

Felipe Crecente-Campo  Margarida Tomé  Paula Soares  Ulises Diéguez-Aranda 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

A generalized height–diameter model was developed for Eucalyptus globulus Labill. stands in Galicia (northwestern Spain). The study involved a variety of pure stands ranging from even-aged to uneven-aged. Data were obtained from permanent circular sample plots in which trees were sampled within different radii according to their diameter at breast height. A combination of weighted regression, to take into account the unequal selection probabilities of such an inventory design, and mixed model techniques, to accommodate local random fluctuations in the height–diameter relationship, were applied to estimate fixed and random parameters for several models reported in the relevant literature. The models that provided the best results included dominant height and dominant diameter as fixed effects. These models explained more than 83% of the observed variability, with mean errors of less than 2.5 m. Random parameters for particular plots were estimated with different tree selection options. Height–diameter relationships tailored to individual plots can be obtained by calibration of the height measurements of the three smallest trees in a plot. An independent dataset was used to test the performance of the model with data not used in the fitting process, and to demonstrate the advantages of calibrating the mixed-effects model.  相似文献   

Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</Emphasis>, as the main causal agent of citrus anthracnose,and <Emphasis Type="Italic">C. karstii</Emphasis> as species preferentially associated with lemon twig dieback in Portugal     

Ana Paula Ramos  Pedro Talhinhas  S. Sreenivasaprasad  Helena Oliveira 《Phytoparasitica》2016,44(4):549-561

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Cadaveric sperm viability in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei          下载免费PDF全文

Thaís Castelo‐Branco  Bruna Paula Torres Quinto  Roberta Soares  Maria Madalena Pessoa Guerra  Silvio Peixoto 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(10):3350-3351

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The use of sewage sludge as soil amendment. The need for an ecotoxicological evaluation     

Tiago Natal-da-Luz  Serena Tidona  Bruno Jesus  Paula V. Morais  José P. Sousa 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(3):246-260

Background, aim, and scope  Sewage sludge use in agriculture should be limited by the presence of metals and other persistent environmental pollutants. The present study aims to contribute for the definition of a test battery of ecotoxicological assays that allows a proper ecotoxicological characterization of sludges, providing information on their potential hazard and identified “safe” application levels. Materials and methods  Three sludges from distinct sources (urban, olive-processing, and electroplating industries) were tested using avoidance and reproduction tests with earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and springtails (Folsomia candida) and plant growth tests with turnips (Brassica rapa) and oats (Avena sativa). Different soil–sludge mixture concentrations mimicking recommended/realistic field dosages were tested. Results  Only the sludge from the electroplating industry induced an avoidance response from the earthworms (EC₅₀ = 0.4 t/ha) and collembolans (no observed effect concentration (NOEC) = 15 t/ha). This sludge was the only sludge responsible for any effect on the reproductive output of the earthworms (EC₅₀ = 7.74 t/ha). Regarding collembolans, none of the sludges tested caused any significant decrease in reproduction. In higher plant tests, the two industrial sludges were toxic, causing a decrease growth in both species. The EC₂₀ values determined for B. rapa were 20.3 and 24.2 t/ha and for A. sativa 14.7 and 16.2 t/ha for sludges from olive-processing and electroplating industries, respectively. Discussion  The metal loadings of the different test sludges could partially explain the results obtained. The toxicity of the test sludge from electroplating industry observed on the tested invertebrates and plants could be explained by the high amount of total chromium from which 22.3% was in the most toxic oxidation state—Cr(VI). However, the toxicity caused by the sludge from the olive-processing industry in the test plants could be attributed to the presence of other compounds (not measured in this study) since the metal content was not high enough to induce such an effect. The absence of toxicity showed by the urban test sludge was in agreement with its low levels of metals. Conclusions  The response of the different test organisms and end points varied according to the sludge type. The urban sludge was non-toxic whereas the sludge from the electroplating industry caused a toxic effect on almost all parameters measured (avoidance behavior of both test organisms, reproduction of earthworms, and growth of both plant species). Sludge from the olive-processing industry only caused a toxic effect on growth of both plant species. By analyzing the sensitivity of the different parameters for the most toxic sludge, it was found that avoidance and reproduction were more sensitive than plant growth, whereas plant seed germination was not sensitive at all. Recommendations and perspectives  The ecotoxicological evaluation of wastes can be used as an environmental safety control of sludge use in agriculture. A tiered approach could be adopted for this purpose, incorporating avoidance tests in the first tier (screening level) and reproduction and plant growth tests in a second tier. But more evidence aiming to define the most suitable ecotoxicological test battery for specific sludges with a different contamination profile is still needed.  相似文献   

Larvicidal activities and chemical composition of essential oils from Piper klotzschianum (Kunth) C. DC. (Piperaceae)     

Jeferson C do Nascimento  Jorge M David  Luiz CA Barbosa  Vanderlucia F de Paula  Antonio J Demuner  Juceni P David  Lucia M Conserva  Jésu C Ferreira Jr  Elsie F Guimarães 《Pest management science》2013,69(11):1267-1271

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