Water mobility in multicomponent model media as studied by 2H and 17O NMR     

Vittadini E  Dickinson LC  Lavoie JP  Pham X  Chinachoti P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(6):1647-1652

Molecular mobility of water was studied in a microbiological media containing complex and heterogeneous mixtures of cellulose, l-sorbose, and orange serum broth (OSB) using (2)H and (17)O high-resolution NMR. All mixtures showed Lorentian (17)O NMR spectra but complex (2)H NMR line shapes. Sorbose, when solubilized, caused line-narrowing where as cellulose-OSB mixtures showed wide peaks with flat plateaus. Presence of liquid or solvent water had a profound effect on a marked increase in T(2) relaxation time observed in sorbose-containing samples. (17)O NMR data were not composition dependent, while (2)H NMR data were highly sorbose dependent.  相似文献   

Main Characteristics of Statistical Data and the Statistical System for Wood and Wood-processing Products in Vietnam     

Phan Sy Hieu  Vu Huong Thuy  Pham Duc Thuan  Le Thanh Van 《Small-Scale Forestry》2011,10(2):185-198

This paper describes the characteristics of data about wood and wood-processing products published in Vietnam. The characteristics include inconsistency of data published by major data sources, lack of necessary data, and irregular publication frequency. Reasons are identified for the existence of the above characteristics of data for the wood and wood-processing industries, including recent changes in the functions of state statistical organizations and unclear concepts of data published. These characteristics create difficulties for researchers and policy-makers working at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for analysing policies and establishing supply targets for the wood and wood-processing industries in 5-year economic plans. To improve the statistical system, co-operation between state organisations and the information network (e.g. computers and internet connection) requires strengthening.  相似文献   

Multiple glassy states in a simple model system     

Pham KN  Puertas AM  Bergenholtz J  Egelhaaf SU  Moussaïd A  Pusey PN  Schofield AB  Cates ME  Fuchs M  Poon WC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5565):104-106

Experiments, theory, and simulation were used to study glass formation in a simple model system composed of hard spheres with short-range attraction ("sticky hard spheres"). The experiments, using well-characterized colloids, revealed a reentrant glass transition line. Mode-coupling theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the reentrance is due to the existence of two qualitatively different glassy states: one dominated by repulsion (with structural arrest due to caging) and the other by attraction (with structural arrest due to bonding). This picture is consistent with a study of the particle dynamics in the colloid using dynamic light scattering.  相似文献   

Effects of permanent magnetic fields on the proliferation of Phalaenopsis protocorm-like bodies using liquid medium     

Pham Thanh Van  Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva  Le Huy Ham  Michio Tanaka 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Magnetic fields (MFs) have been applied for the first time in orchid micropropagation. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) – approximately 3 mm in diameter – first derived from leaf segment culture of Phalaenopsis Gallant Beau ‘George Vazquez’, were subcultured every 2 months, and served as initial explants. The proliferation of Phalaenopsis PLBs in liquid medium in the Miracle Pack^® culture system was affected by the action of different intensities and polarities of MFs: 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 Tesla (T) at North (N) and South (S) poles. The MF of 0.1 T – S resulted in the greatest fresh weight of regenerated PLBs. The average number of neo-PLBs formed per clusters in the PLB treated by MF: 0.1–0.2 T was decreased compared to the control exposed to natural MF (5 × 10⁻⁶ T). The proliferation of PLBs under 0.15 T – MF at both N and S poles for 2 and 7 weeks demonstrated that a longer duration of exposure to an MF of 0.15 T, regardless of the polarity, resulted in greater biomass of newly formed PLBs and smaller average number of newly formed PLBs. The S pole of MF had stronger effects on Phalaenopsis PLBs proliferation than the N pole did in all treatments.  相似文献   

Rice genetic diversity at farm and village levels and genetic structure of local varieties reveal need for in situ conservation     

M. B. Barry  J. L. Pham  B. Courtois  C. Billot  N. Ahmadi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1675-1690

Rice genetic diversity partitioning between farms, varieties and, within-variety diversity, were analysed in two villages of Maritime Guinea with contrasted agroecological conditions. One thousand and two hundred individual plants belonging to 45 accessions collected in eight farms were genotyped using 10 SSR markers. The molecular variance was evenly shared between and within accessions, while the farm effect was almost nil. Local varieties had a multi-line genetic structure. The number of multilocus genotypes was proportional to the utilisation rate of the variety in the village. The F _ST values between different accessions of each variety were significant which indicated low genetic consistency in the variety names. This varietal structure could mainly be explained by the migration phenomenon and the high varietal turnover. Compared to allelic diversity, multilocus genotypic diversity seemed to be the most suitable indicator of the quantitative distribution of diversity at different management scales (accession, farm and village). The within- and between-farm F _ST values were in the same order of magnitude. The within-farm diversity was not farm-specific but quantitatively high, i.e. up to 50% of the total genotypic diversity of a given village. Given the relative importance of the within-variety diversity, the in situ approach stands out as the most effective solution. As farms do not host specific diversity the in situ approach could be implemented by working with a small number of farms.  相似文献   

Antioxidant properties of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and study of the reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Pham TQ  Cormier F  Farnworth E  Tong VH  Van Calsteren MR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(5):1455-1461

Crocin-a water soluble carotenoid-is found in the fruits of gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) and in the stigmas of saffron (Crocus sativus Linne). For crocin purification, gardenia fruits are extracted with 50% acetone, followed by ether washing, ion exchange, and separation by preparative HPLC. Purified crocin with purity of >99.6% has an antioxidative activity at concentrations up to 40 ppm. At 20 ppm the antioxidative activity of crocin is comparable to that of BHA. The antioxidant property of crocin as evaluated by the thiocyanate method was better than with the thiobarbituric acid method. The adduct between the linoleic acid radical and crocin was detected by LC-MS. When crocin reacted with oxygen in the presence of FeSO(4), intermediates such as monohydroperoxides and dihydroperoxides of crocin were formed and detected by LC-MS.  相似文献   

High yield and nutritional quality of rice for animal feed achieved by continuous irrigation with treated municipal wastewater     

Tran  Lanh Danh  Phung  Luc Duc  Pham  Dung Viet  Pham  Dong Duy  Nishiyama  Masateru  Sasaki  Atsushi  Watanabe  Toru 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(3):507-513

Paddy and Water Environment - Two consecutive pilot-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the potential reuse of treated municipal wastewater (TWW) as an irrigation source for cultivating...  相似文献   

Effects of lactulose supplementation on the growth of bifidobacteria and biotransformation of isoflavone glycosides to isoflavone aglycones in soymilk     

Pham TT  Shah NP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(12):4703-4709

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis bb12 and B. longum 20099 were used to hydrolyze isoflavone glycosides (IG) to biologically active forms, which are isoflavone aglycones (IA), in soymilk (SM) prepared from soy protein isolate (SPI) and SM supplemented with 0.5% (w/v) of lactulose (SML). Supplementation of lactulose significantly ( p < 0.05) enhanced the viable counts of B. animalis subsp. lactis bb12 and B. longum 20099 up to 2.34 and 2.15 log CFU/mL, respectively. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis bb12 and B. longum 20099 utilized 3.32 and 3.75 mg/mL of lactulose at 24 h of incubation, respectively. Supplementation of lactulose also appeared to be a key factor in decreasing the pH of SML. The biotransformation of IG to IA was enhanced significantly by 6.8-17.1% and 12.8-13.5% in SML by B. animalis subsp. lactis bb12 and B. longum 20099, respectively. However, the presence of lactulose in SML showed the stimulating effect on B. longum 20099 only after 12 h of incubation. Isoflavone aglycones ranged from 69.5 to 77.1% of total isoflavone compounds in SML after incubation.  相似文献   

Growth performance,carcass quality characteristics and colonic microbiota profiles in finishing pigs fed diets with different inclusion levels of rice distillers’ by‐product     

Oanh Nguyen Cong  Taminiau Bernard  Dang Pham Kim  Luc Do Duc  Moula Nassim  Huyen Nguyen Thi  Thinh Nguyen Hoang  Daube Georges  Bindelle Jrme  Ton Vu Dinh  Jean‐Luc Hornick 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(8):948-960

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets containing rice distillers’ by‐product (RDP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and gut microbiota of fattening pigs. Twenty‐four crossbred finishing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire), 56.9 ± 3.1 kg initial body weight, were randomly allocated to three groups. For 56 days, pigs were fed one of three diets including RDP0 (control), RDP15 (15% RDP in DM), and RDP30 (30% RDP in DM). With RDP level in diet, average daily gain and backfat thickness linearly increased (p < 0.05), and drip loss tended to increase (p ≤ 0.08). In addition, 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon profiling showed that RDP was associated with modulation of colonic microbiota composition, especially at family and genus levels. Relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae families in colonic digesta increased with inclusion of RDP, while that of Enterobacteriaceae decreased. The proportion of genera unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae, and Butyrivibrio increased as inclusion of RDP. These results indicate that up to 30% inclusion in diet of finishing pigs, RDP can modulate colonic microbiota composition, and induces an improvement of animal growth and fat deposition.  相似文献   

Barnacle culture: background,potential and challenges     

Daniel A. López  Boris A. López  Christopher K. Pham  Eduardo J. Isidro  Mirko De Girolamo 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(10):e367-e375

There are approximately a dozen species of commercially interesting barnacles worldwide, some of which have been cultured on a semi‐industrial scale. These species are listed and information is provided with regard to geographical distribution, landings and prices. Traditionally, ‘goose’ barnacles (four species) are considered to be the most important for consumption. World production already stands at 500 tonnes year^?1, but this species has not been cultured to date. Some ‘acorn’ barnacles are also consumed (seven species), with harvest levels per species that do not exceed 200 tonnes year^?1 and selling prices that can reach US$17/kg. ‘Acorn’ barnacle culture on a world scale is still developing. Nevertheless, production has occurred on a semi‐industrial scale; specifically, spat have been collected from the wild and grown in suspended systems. Farming trials have focused on two species of acorn barnacles: Austromegabalanus psittacus (Molina 1782) ‘picoroco’ in Chile and Megabalanus azoricus (Pilsbry 1916) ‘craca’ in Portugal. The large‐scale production of these crustaceans will depend on the optimization of spat collection from the wild and/or the parallel development of mass production technologies for larvae (hatcheries). In addition, further development will be achieved by opening up new markets for commercialization.  相似文献