Regeneration, establishment and evaluation of somaclones in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench     

Manjula S. Maralappanavar  M.S. Kuruvinashetti  Chandrashekhar C. Harti 《Euphytica》2000,115(3):173-180

Novel in vitro techniques have the potential to aid conventional breeding programs. Somaclonal variation is considered to be a useful source of variation and has been demonstrated to be feasible in crop species like wheat, rice and maize. A study was taken up at Tissue Culture Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, India, for callus induction, maintenance and regeneration of two well established sorghum varieties, M35-1 and A-1 to study somaclonal variation for both qualitative and quantitative characters. The frequency of callus induction was 90 and 83.3 percent in M35-1 and A-1, respectively, on MS medium with 2 mg l-l of 2,4-D. On higher levels of sucrose (60 gl-l), M35-1 showed good response for both regeneration and rooting, while for variety A-1 BA(0.5 mg l-l) and NAA (0.2 mg l-l) had to be supplemented for satisfactory levels of regeneration (73.3%) and rooting respectively. The regenerated plants (SC₁) were selfed to obtain the seeds for the next generation. In M35-1, variations were observed for chlorophyll, phyllotaxy and midrib structure, while male sterile and branched phenotypes occurred in A-1 families. Combined analysis of variances showed that there was significant difference between and within families for most of the quantitative characters in both cultivars except for the character, fourth leaf breadth in the cultivar A-1. The variation, accompanied by a positive shift from the mean is an indication of the response to selection for any specific character. Occurrence of productive variants among the somaclones of established cultivars like M35-1 and A-1 indicates the possibility of their improvement through somaclonal variation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Identification of near-isogenic lines: an innovative approach,validated for root and shoot morphological characters in a mapping population of rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.)     

H. R. Prabuddha  K. Manjunatha  R. Venuprasad  M. S. Vinod  J. H. Jureifa  H. E. Shashidhar 《Euphytica》2008,160(3):357-368

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) constitute valuable tools in genetic investigations and plant breeding programs. Conventional methods for developing these are time consuming and tedious. An innovative method for identifying NILs is proposed and validated. The method involves computation of simple correlation coefficients of all possible pairs of genotypes within a mapping population using molecular marker data, and phenotypic characterization of those pairs with very high positive correlation. The pairs having both genomic and phenotypic similarity except for a single trait are considered as NILs. This strategy was tested with a doubled haploid mapping population involving CT9993 and IR62266. This population was saturated with 315 markers and comprised 154 lines. The pairs showing very high correlation coefficients (0.70–0.97) and differing for less than 10% of the markers were considered as Genotypically Closely Related Pairs (GCRPs). Graphical genotyping was employed to visualize the genome of the closely related lines. A total of 39 such pairs were subjected to rigorous evaluation for root and shoot morphological traits in two contrasting moisture regimes. Four GCRPs under well-watered condition and ten GCRPs under low moisture stress condition are statistically significant for a single phenotypic trait and are considered as NILs for their respective traits and would be the valuable materials for genetic studies. Mapped QTLs and candidate genes were employed to explain the probable cause of phenotypic difference in NILs.  相似文献   

Growth performance and color enhancement of goldfish,Carassius auratus,fed diets containing natural dyes extracted from annatto (Bixa orellana) seeds     

S.H.S Dananjaya  Prabuddha Manjula  A. S. Dissanayake  M. Edussuriya  K. Radampola  Bae Keun Park 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2020,32(1):53-69

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to evaluate growth performance and color enhancement of goldfish, Carassius auratus, fed diets containing 0, 50, 100, 200, and 250 mg kg^?1 diet of annatto dye (AD) for 60 days. The survival rate was significantly higher in fish fed 100, 200, and 250 mg AD kg^?1 diet over than these fed control and 50 mg AD kg^?1 diet (p < 0.05). AD significantly (p <0 .05) increased the pigmentation in the skin and caudal fin of goldfish in a concentration dependent manner (R² = 0.995, 0.997). The highest amount of total carotenoid deposition in fish skin and fins were given by diets containing 200–250 mg AD kg^?1 diet. The highest redness (a*) of 43.21 and yellowness (b*) of 12.53 were obtained by 250 and 50 mg AD kg^?1, respectively. The present results show that AD can be successfully used as an alternative natural carotenoid source in goldfish diets at levels of 200–250 mg AD kg^?1 diet.  相似文献