The importance of lactic acid bacteria for phytate degradation during cereal dough fermentation     

Reale A  Konietzny U  Coppola R  Sorrentino E  Greiner R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(8):2993-2997

Lactic acid fermentation of cereal flours resulted in a 100 (rye), 95-100 (wheat), and 39-47% (oat) reduction in phytate content within 24 h. The extent of phytate degradation was shown to be independent from the lactic acid bacteria strain used for fermentation. However, phytate degradation during cereal dough fermentation was positively correlated with endogenous plant phytase activity (rye, 6750 mU g(-1); wheat, 2930 mU g(-1); and oat, 23 mU g(-1)), and heat inactivation of the endogenous cereal phytases prior to lactic acid fermentation resulted in a complete loss of phytate degradation. Phytate degradation was restored after addition of a purified phytase to the liquid dough. Incubation of the cereal flours in buffered solutions resulted in a pH-dependent phytate degradation. The optimum of phytate degradation was shown to be around pH 5.5. Studies on phytase production of 50 lactic acid bacteria strains, previously isolated from sourdoughs, did not result in a significant production of intra- as well as extracellular phytase activity. Therefore, lactic acid bacteria do not participate directly in phytate degradation but provide favorable conditions for the endogenous cereal phytase activity by lowering the pH value.  相似文献   

Lactobacillus rhamnosus as additive for maize and sorghum ensiling   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Salimei E  Capilongo V  Simoni A  Peiretti PG  Maglieri C  Romano CA  Mannina L  Coppola R  Sorrentino E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9600-9607

The effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus AT195, a potential probiotic microorganism cultured in buffalo "scotta" whey, on chemical and microbiological composition in maize and sorghum ensiling were evaluated. Both crops were harvested, chopped, and treated or not with the selected strain prior to ensiling in fiberglass vertical silos; 90 days after ensiling, silages were sensorially evaluated and sampled. Different chemical components were evaluated both on fresh crops and silages: in particular, the water-soluble carbohydrates content was investigated by high-field NMR spectroscopy and the carbohydrate fermentation profile was performed by GC. Besides phenotypic identification and typing, microbiological studies included Lb. rhamnosus genotype typing by RAPD-PCR. All silages, inoculated or not, were well preserved, as their chemical and microbiological data along with the fermentation profiles showed. The selected strain used as inoculum influenced the lactic acid population of silages and evidenced a good survival performance during the ensiling process of both maize and sorghum. Moreover, the use of Lb. rhamnosus strain efficiently improved the quality of the multifactorial ensiling process by significantly reducing the ammonia nitrogen content of both maize and sorghum silages.  相似文献   

Partition behavior of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in oil-brine mixtures during thermal processing for fish canning     

Sacchi R  Paduano A  Fiore F  Della Medaglia D  Ambrosino ML  Medina I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(10):2830-2835

The chemical modifications and partitioning toward the brine phase (5% salt) of major phenol compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) were studied in a model system formed by sealed cans filled with oil-brine mixtures (5:1, v/v) simulating canned-in-oil food systems. Filled cans were processed in an industrial plant using two sterilization conditions commonly used during fish canning. The partitioning of phenolic compounds toward brine induced by thermal processing was studied by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the phenol fraction extracted from oils and brine. Hydroxytyrosol (1), tyrosol (2), and the complex phenolic compounds containing 1 and 2 (i.e., the dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycon 3, the dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycon 4, and the oleuropein aglycon 6) decreased in the oily phase after sterilization with a marked partitioning toward the brine phase. The increase of the total amount of 1 and 2 after processing, as well as the presence of elenolic acid 7 released in brine, revealed the hydrolysis of the ester bond of hydrolyzable phenolic compounds 3, 4, and 6 during thermal processing. Both phenomena (partitioning toward the water phase and hydrolysis) contribute to explain the loss of phenolic compounds exhibited by EVOO used as filling medium in canned foods, as well as the protection of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in canned-in-EVOO fish products.  相似文献   

Delta-viniferin,a resveratrol dehydrodimer: one of the major stilbenes synthesized by stressed grapevine leaves     

Pezet R  Perret C  Jean-Denis JB  Tabacchi R  Gindro K  Viret O 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(18):5488-5492

Delta-viniferin is a resveratrol dehydrodimer, an isomer of epsilon-viniferin. This compound has been reported as a molecule produced in vitro by the oxidative dimerization of resveratrol by plant peroxidases or fungal laccases. It was also recently identified in wines and in grape cell cultures. We have now identified this dimer by NMR, high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), and HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) in grapevine leaves infected by Plasmopara viticola (downy mildew) or UV-C irradiated. Its concentration was higher than that of epsilon-viniferin and constitutes one of the most important phytoalexins derived from resveratrol.  相似文献   

Antispasmodic saponins from bulbs of red onion, Allium cepa L. var. Tropea     

Corea G  Fattorusso E  Lanzotti V  Capasso R  Izzo AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(4):935-940

A phytochemical analysis of the polar extract from the red bulbs of Allium cepa L. var. Tropea, typical of Calabria, a southern region of Italy, was performed extensively for the first time, leading to the isolation of four new furostanol saponins, named tropeoside A1/A2 (1a/1b) and tropeoside B1/B2 (3a/3b), along with the respective 22-O-methyl derivatives (2a/2b and 4a/4b), almost certainly extraction artifacts. High concentrations of ascalonicoside A1/A2 (5a/5b) and ascalonicoside B (6), previously isolated from Allium ascalonicum Hort., were also found. This is the first report of furostanol saponins in this A. cepa variety. The chemical structures of the new compounds were established through a combination of extensive nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and chemical analyses. High concentrations of quercetin, quercetin 4(I)-glucoside, taxifolin, taxifolin 7-glucoside, and phenylalanine were also isolated. The new saponins were found to possess antispasmodic activity in the guinea pig isolated ileum; such an effect might contribute to explaining the traditional use of onion in the treatment of disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract.  相似文献   

Correction to: Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration     

Mologni  Omar  Lyons  C. Kevin  Marchi  Luca  Amishev  Dzhamal  Grigolato  Stefano  Cavalli  Raffaele  Röser  Dominik 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(4):761-762

European Journal of Forest Research - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01385-w  相似文献   

Structural diversity and height growth models in urban forest plantations: A case-study in northern Italy     

Pasquale A. Marziliano  Raffaele Lafortezza  Giuseppe Colangelo  Clive Davies  Giovanni Sanesi 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2013,12(2):246-254

Current knowledge on the growth models of urban forest plantations several years after their establishment still remains poor and fragmentary. Furthermore few studies have assessed the growth of urban plantations on reclaimed land, such as brownfield sites.This paper assesses urban forest plantations in terms of tree height growth, crown width and vertical structural using as a case study tree inventory-data collected in an urban forest plantation (Parco Nord Milano, PNM northern Italy). In this research tree inventory-data was used to achieve the following objectives: (i) to develop a series of tree height-growth models and tree crown-width models for the main taxonomic units in the study-area; (ii) to analyse the temporal pattern of current increments of tree height; (iii) to assess the vertical stratification of tree crowns using a method developed by Latham et al. (1998).The results suggest that during the earlier stage after planting, trees reach high levels of growth (tree height and crown width) regardless of the taxonomic unit. Evidence is found to support a high level of spatial competition between individual trees of different taxonomic units in as little as 15–18 years. Competition between trees appears to be mainly affected by diametrical differentiation rather than hypsometric variation: trees grow more in diameter than in height. Furthermore a decrease in longitudinal growth was observed for most tree species while the radial growth tends to be constant over time. The research at PNM shows that in temperate climates this can be achieved in less than 30 years. We believe that these analyses could provide important data supporting the planning of new urban forest plantations on reclaimed land and inter alia provide some answers to the questions around plantations growth evaluation and management.  相似文献   

Benchmarking the impact of traditional small-scale logging systems used in Mediterranean forestry     

Raffaele Spinelli  Natascia Magagnotti  Carla Nati 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

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Annual usage and long-term productivity of a truck-mounted slash bundler under mountain conditions     

Raffaele Spinelli  Carolina Lombardini  Natascia Magagnotti 《European Journal of Forest Research》2012,131(3):821-827

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Evaluation of a new natural adjuvant obtained from locust bean gum to reduce the amount of copper necessary to control downy mildew of grapevine     

Lahoz  Ernesto  Tarantino  Paola  Mormile  Pasquale  Malinconico  Mario  Immirzi  Barbara  Cermola  Michele  Carrieri  Raffaele 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2018,125(3):287-296

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Two field trials in integrated cultivation (2014 and 2016) were carried out with the aim to evaluate the efficacy and the persistence of copper...  相似文献