Genotype and hormonal effects on callus formation and regeneration in mulberry     

B. N. Susheelamma  K. Raja Shekar  A. Sarkar  M. R. Rao  R. K. Datta 《Euphytica》1996,90(1):25-29

Summary Twenty-five mulberry genotypes were studied for callus induction, to evaluate the effectiveness of hormones in promoting callus growth and to identify genotypes capable of regenerating plants. Fifteen genotypes showed callus initiation. Genotypic variation was also noted for longevity and rate of growth of callus cultures. Calli of different genotypes were maintained for more than one year. Frequency of callus initiation was high on Murashige & Skoog's modified medium incorporated with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D, 100 mg/l casein acid hydrolysate and 150 ml/l coconut water. Regeneration through organogenesis was achieved in six genotypes indicating genotypic specificity.  相似文献   

Anti-viral activity of methyl 1-chloro-7-methyl-2-propyl-1h-benzo[d] imidazole-5-carboxylate against white spot syndrome virus in freshwater crab (Paratelphusa hydrodromous)     

Karthikeyan  K.  Kumar  A. T. Manish  Harshini  D.  Pooja  G.  Daniel  J. Arul  Yasam  Pavani  Gracevictoria  G.  Priayanka  M.  Krishnaraj  P.  Vidya  R.  Devi  S. Asha  Reddy  Sabbasani Rajasekhara  Sudhakaran  Raja 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(2):989-998

Shrimp farming industries are subjected to severe economic loss due to a disease called white spot syndrome, a viral disease caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in penaeid shrimp. Numerous active compounds in the market possess anti-viral activity against the white spot syndrome virus, yet the issue remains unsolved. The present study was carried out to determine the anti-viral activity of methyl 1-chloro-7-methyl-2-propyl-1h-benzo[d] imidazole-5-carboxylate (C₁₃H₁₅N₂O₂Cl) against WSSV. The anti-viral activity of the synthetic compound was determined in freshwater crabs. Crabs were divided into three different experimental groups: healthy control groups (N.C.) received NTE buffer, positive control group (P.C.) crabs received WSSV, and treatment group crabs received WSSV along with synthetic weight compound. Experimental groups were observed for 30 days post-infection. Three different organs (gills, muscles, and head soft tissue (HST)) were dissected from all three groups and analyzed using molecular-based techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, and histopathology. Clinical signs of WSSV were observed in the positive and N.C. groups; however, the treatment group showed a 100% survival rate. Confirmation was done using PCR, Western blot, and histopathology. These results demonstrated that the given synthetic compound has significant anti-viral activity against WSSV.

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Micronutrients (Fe,Mn, Zn and Cu) balance under long-term application of fertilizer and manure in a tropical rice-rice system     

Mohammad Shahid  Arvind Kumar Shukla  Pratap Bhattacharyya  Rahul Tripathi  Sangita Mohanty  Anjani Kumar  Banwari Lal  Priyanka Gautam  Rajagounder Raja  Bipin Bihari Panda  Brundaban Das  Amaresh Kumar Nayak 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(3):737-747

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Sequence analysis of Toll-like receptor genes 1-10 of goat (Capra hircus)     

Raja A  Vignesh AR  Mary BA  Tirumurugaan KG  Raj GD  Kataria R  Mishra BP  Kumanan K 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,140(3-4):252-258

This study involved cloning and sequencing of the coding regions of all 10 Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes of goat. Goat TLR 1-10 gene sequences revealed a high degree of nucleotide identity with sheep and cattle sequences (>90%) and 75-85% with pig, mouse and human sequences. At the amino acid level, 85-99% similarity was observed with sheep and cattle and 60-85% with pig, mouse and human. TLR9c DNA of goat showed the highest amino acid identity to that of sheep (99%) while TLR8 cDNA showed the lowest identity of 88.7% to that of sheep. Variations were seen in the number of leucine rich repeats (LRRs) of goat TLRs as compared to other ruminant species with maximum differences in the TLR3 gene. Phylogenetic analysis through molecular evolution and genetic analysis (MEGA) software and multi dimensional scaling revealed a high degree of conservation of goat TLRs with those from other species. However when the TIR domain of all the TLRs were compared, goat TLR7 TIR alone showed a high divergence of 19.3 as compared to sheep sequences. This is the first report of the full-length cDNA sequences of all the 10 TLR genes of goats which would be a useful tool for the study of evolutionary lineages and for phylogenetic analysis.  相似文献   

Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring     

Sarah A Reed  Joseline S Raja  Maria L Hoffman  Steven A Zinn  Kristen E Govoni 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2015,(1):79-89

Background:Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth.To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene and protein expression in offspring,36 pregnant ewes were fed 60%,100%or 140%of National Research Council requirements from d 31 ± 1.3 of gestation until parturition.Lambs from control-fed(CON),restricted-fed(RES) or over-fed(OVER) ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth(n = 18) or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo(n = 15).Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry,and protein and gene expression analysis.Results:Compared with CON,muscle fiber cross-sectional area(CSA) increased in RES(58%) and OVER(47%)lambs at 1 d of age(P 0.01);however at 3 mo,CSA decreased 15%and 17%compared with CON,respectively(P 0.01).Compared with CON,muscle lipid content was increased in OVER(212.4%) and RES(92.5%) at d 1(P 0.0001).Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1%in OVER and decreased 23.6%in RES compared with CON at 3mo(P 0.0001).At d 1,myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVER(P = 0.07) than CON.Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVER(P = 0.04) and tended to increase in RES(P = 0.06) compared with CON at d 1.However,there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression(P 0.3).Phosphorylated Akt(ser473) was increased in RES at 3 mo compared with CON(P = 0.006).Conclusions:In conclusion,maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring,possibly through altered gene and protein expression.  相似文献   

Improved model for studying hydrological process in the field-to-field irrigation system     

Ebadi  Arash  Raja  Omid  Ebrahimian  Hamed  Yazdani  Mohammad Reza  Rezaverdinejad  Vahid 《Paddy and Water Environment》2022,20(1):137-150

Paddy and Water Environment - One of the common irrigation systems in the paddy fields is field-to-field irrigation. The management of these irrigation systems is difficult and essential because of...  相似文献   

Recent Insights into Signaling Responses to Cope Drought Stress in Rice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Muhammad Mahran Aslam  Muhammad Abdul Rehman Rashid  Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui  Muhammad Tahir Khan  Fozia Farhat  Shafquat Yasmeen  Imtiaz Ahmad Khan  Shameem Raja  Fatima Rasool  Mahboob Ali Sial  Zhao Yan 《水稻科学》2022,29(2):105-117

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Acellular Dermal Matrix for Surgical Repair of Ventral Hernia in Horses     

Vineet Kumar  Anil K. GangwarDayamon D. Mathew  MVSc  Raja A. AhamadAbhishek C. Saxena  MVSc  Naveen Kumar  MVSc  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

The aim of the present study was to evaluate acellular dermal matrix (ADM) of rat origin for the repair of ventral hernia in horses. The skin from rats, to be used as a graft, was de-epithelialized using hypertonic solution and further decellularized with 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.25% tri-(n-butyl)-phosphate. Under general anesthesia, the hernial ring was exposed and repaired with the ADM graft using inlay graft technique. Blood samples were collected at postimplantation days 0, 15, and 30 and were used for sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis to assess the serum protein concentration of the animals, as well as for gelatin zymography for the identification of matrix metalloproteinases. All animals had an uneventful recovery without clinical signs of wound dehiscence, infection, or recurrence of hernias during 6-month follow-up period. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of concentration of the serum proteins revealed that this was increased at day 15 and had decreased again at day 30. Gelatin zymography showed only one major band of 92 kDa in the serum of all the horses with the implant, but the relative amount of 92 kDa was higher at day 15 as compared with day 0 and day 30. It may be concluded that ADM of rat origin can be used safely in horses for repair of ventral hernia.  相似文献   

Optimization of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of palm amino acid surfactant using response surface methodology (RSM)     

Hasmah Bidin  Mahiran Basri  Salina Mat Radzi  Arbakariya Ariff  Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abdul. Rahman  Abu Bakar Salleh 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(2):206-211

Amino acid surfactants are high-value surfactants which have excellent emulsifying characteristics and minimal toxicity to the living body. Enzymatic synthesis of palm kernel amino acid surfactant was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using palm kernel olein (PKO) and l(+)-lysine catalyzed by Lipozyme RM IM. The reaction was performed in batch mode stirred tank reactor (STR) with one multi-bladed impeller. A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed to evaluate the interactive effects of various parameters. The parameters were temperature (A): (40.00–70.00 °C), impeller speed (B): (100.00–400.00 rpm), substrates ratio (C): (1.00–4.00 mmol) and enzyme amount (D): (5.00–8.00 g). The optimum condition derived via RSM at fixed reaction time of 24 h was temperature; 47.50 °C, impeller speed; 323.96 rpm, substrates ratio; 3.25 mmol and enzyme amount; 7.25 g. The experimental yield was 89.03% under the optimum condition, which compared well with the maximum predicted value of 93.77%.  相似文献   

Effects of carbohydrate supplementation on water quality,microbial dynamics and growth performance of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon)     

Sujeet Kumar  P. S. Shyne Anand  D. De  J. K. Sundaray  R. Ananda Raja  G. Biswas  A. G. Ponniah  T. K. Ghoshal  A. D. Deo  A. Panigrahi  M. Muralidhar 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(2):901-912

Biofloc technology based 45-day indoor growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate (CHO), molasses supplementation on two developmental stages viz, juvenile (J) and sub-adult (SA) of Penaeus monodon in zero-water exchange system. P. monodon juveniles (1.56 ± 0.04 g) and sub-adults (14.32 ± 0.22 g) were stocked in fibre-reinforced plastic tanks (1,000 L) with soil base. Carbohydrate supplementation significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite-N (NO₂-N) and nitrate-N (NO₃-N) over the time periods in sub-adult group. However, no significant difference in TAN and NO₂-N was observed in juvenile-based treatments. Supplementation of carbohydrate significantly increased (p < 0.05) the water and soil total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) count in both juvenile and sub-adults. Despite increase in total Vibrio count (TVC), lower TVC/THB % was noticed in the water column of J + CHO (0.82) and SA + CHO (0.73) compared to control groups, J ? CHO (1.48) and SA ? CHO (1.21). Supplementation of carbohydrate increased the final body weight in J + CHO (6.51 ± 0.44 g) and SA + CHO (22.52 ± 0.98 g) compared with respective controls, J ? CHO (5.05 ± 0.45 g) and SA ? CHO (20.00 ± 0.33 g). Similarly, significantly lower (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and better protein efficiency ratio were recorded in carbohydrate-supplemented juvenile and sub-adults treatment groups. The present study demonstrates that supplementation of carbohydrate reduced the nitrogenous metabolites and significantly enhanced the growth performance of juvenile and sub-adult of P. monodon.  相似文献