AM fungi lead to fertilizer phosphorus economy and enhanced system productivity and profitability in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)–pea (Pisum sativum L.) cropping system in Himalayan acid Alfisol     

Anil Kumar  Anil K. Choudhary  K. S. Rana 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(10):1380-1390

The present investigation was carried out at CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India, during 2009–2011 to economize inorganic phosphorus (P) and enhance profitability of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)–pea (Pisum sativum) cropping system through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). A field experiment was replicated thrice in a randomized block design comprising 14 treatments involving AMF (Glomus mosseae) at varying inorganic P (50%, 75%, and 100% of recommended soil test-based P dose) and irrigation regimes (40% and 80% available water capacity] in a Himalayan acid Alfisol. In okra, AMF inoculation at varying P and irrigation regimes registered higher P response ratio (PRR), net returns (10–18%), and benefit:cost (B:C) ratio (17–49%) compared to “generalized recommended P dose (GRD)” and their non-AMF counterparts. Similarly in pea, AMF inoculation at varying P and irrigation regimes again registered higher PRR, net returns (14–23%), and B:C ratio (10–58%) compared to GRD and non-AMF counterparts. Higher system productivity (7–16%) and profitability in terms of net returns (9–23%) and B:C ratio (10–54%) were also registered in AMF-imbedded treatments compared to non-AMF counterparts. Further, “AMF + 75% soil test-based P dose” at either of these irrigation regimes registered statistically similar okra–pea system productivity and profitability as that obtained under “100% soil test-based P dose” at either of two irrigation regimes, thus indicating an economy of soil test-based applied P dose by about 25%. Overall, the current study suggests that practice of AMF inoculation has great potential in enhancing system productivity and profitability besides cutting down about 25% inorganic P requirement in okra–pea production system in the Himalayan acid Alfisol.  相似文献   

Impact assessment of soils treated with refinery effluent     

Dhankhar Rajesh  Chhikara Sunil  Rana Lalita  Sangwan Sushila 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2009,45(5-6):459-465

The effluent collected from the Panipat oil refinery was analysed for different physico-chemical properties. The systematic investigations were carried out to evaluate the effect of refinery effluent on soil fertility by assessing its impact on various soil physico-chemical and biological properties temporally using pot culture experiments. Different concentrations of effluent viz. control, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% were used for the study. It was observed that application of effluent significantly increased pH, EC, TH, TDS, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, alkalinity, Cl^?, SO₄^2?, Fe, P, Na, K, heavy metals, soil dehydrogenase activity and organic content of soil during all intervals of time except bulk density and specific gravity. On the basis of the study it may be suggested that use of treated oil refinery effluent has no adverse effects on physico-chemical properties of soil and can also be used as an alternate source for irrigating crops as it increases the nutrient content of the soil which is essential for the proper growth and maintenance of crop plants.  相似文献   

Management practices of macronutrients for potato for smallholder farming system at alluvial soil (Entisols) of India     

Lalita Rana  Sudarshan Kumar Dutta  Krishnendu Ray  Kaushik Majumdar  Sukamal Sarkar 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(14):1963-1976

In the present study, seven fertilizer treatments [T₁, 50% NPK; T₂, 100% NPK (Recommended dose of fertilizer, 200–65.4–124.5 kg N-P-K ha^?1); T₃, 150% NPK; T₄, 100% PK; T₅, 100% NK; T₆, 100% NP and T₇, control (zero NPK)] with four replications were assessed in the new alluvial soil zone (Entisols) of West Bengal, India. The objectives of the study were to generate information on potato productivity, profitability, indigenous nutrient supply and net gain/loss of NPK in post-harvest soil. Plants grown under higher NPK supply resulted in higher tuber yield and there were significant (p ≤ 0.05) reductions in total yield with nutrient omissions. Nutrient?limited yields were 19.78, 2.83 and 1.77 t ha^?1 for N, P and K, considering total tuber yield (28.24 t ha^?1) obtained under 100% NPK as targeted yield. Indigenous nutrient supply of N, P and K were estimated at 24.1, 22.34 and 110.22 kg ha^?1, respectively that indicates higher K?supplying capacity of experimental soil as compared to N and P. Net income (US$1349 ha^?1 year^?1) and B:C ratio (1.91) was highest with 100% NPK, and further addition of NPK (150%) resulted in decrease on net return (US$1193 ha^?1 year^?1) and B:C ratio (1.73).  相似文献   

Greenhouse gases emission,soil organic carbon and wheat yield as affected by tillage systems and nitrogen management practices     

Chaitanya Prasad Nath  Tapas Kumar Das  Kuldeep Singh Rana  Ranjan Bhattacharyya  Himanshu Pathak  Sangeeta Paul 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(12):1644-1660

Agricultural activities are responsible for greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission in the environment. Strategies are required to enhance the soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) sequestration to adapt and mitigate the climate change. We investigated GHGs emission, SOC and N enhancement under conventional tillage (CT) and zero tillage (ZT) with N management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Seasonal carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission and global warming potential (GWP) reduced for ZT treatments over CT without residues and 100% of required N with a blanket split application (CT – R + 100N). The ZT with 5 t ha^?1 maize (Zea mays L.) residues retention and 75% of required N and GreenSeeker^TM (GS)-aided N management (ZT + R + 75N + GS) reduced yield-scaled GHGs emission and increased total organic carbon (C) stock over CT – R + 100N. However, nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission was lower in CT. The GS-based N management saved 26–35 kg N ha^?1 in different tillage systems in both years over blanket application with higher N uptake and associated reduction in N₂O emission. The study recommends that ZT with residues retention and GS-based N management can minimize the GHGs emission and improve the SOC.  相似文献   

Effects of freeze and cold stress on certain physiological and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes     

Rana Valizadeh-Kamran  Mahmoud Toorchi  Mohammad Mogadam  Hamid Mohammadi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(1):102-111

An experiment was performed as a split-plot design based on a randomized complete block (RCB) with three replicates. The aim was to explore physiological traits, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity associated with cold and freeze stress in four barley genotypes (two stress-tolerant genotypes and two sensitive genotypes). The genotypes were regarded as sub-plots and five temperature levels (namely 20, 4, 0, ?4, ?8°C) as main plots. The results revealed that the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased through freeze and cold stress from 20 to 4°C. This increase was more in the sensitive genotypes than in the tolerant ones. Subsequent to the increase in lipid peroxidation, the membrane stability index (MSI) decreased, thereby increasing the electrolyte leakage. The sensitive genotypes demonstrated greater reduction in the studied parameters. Upon the increase in the H₂O₂ content, the antioxidant enzymes CAT and POD also increased in order to collect and prevent H₂O₂ from damaging the cell and the plant. Compared with the sensitive ones, the tolerant genotypes indicated more increase in the enzymes. The H₂O₂ and MDA content decreased from ?4 to ?8°C, which could be due to intracellular freezing in the sensitive genotypes, but due to the detoxifying of the antioxidant enzymes in the tolerant genotypes. Compared with the POD content, the increase in the CAT content through cold stress was more, which could mean that it was possibly CAT which acted as the main inhibitor of H₂O₂ in cold stress in the barley plant.  相似文献   

Comparison of equine platelet function and survival in whole blood collected in acid‐citrate‐dextrose solution or citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose‐adenine solution          下载免费PDF全文

Rana Bozorgmanesh  Julie W. Sutton‐Burges  Fern Tablin 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(2):262-268

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Ethnicity-Based Inequality in Heat-Related Illness Is on the Rise in California     

Rana Abualsaud  Grigory Ostrovskiy  Ziyad R. Mahfoud 《The Forestry Chronicle》2019,30(1):100-103

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Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alkaline soils of hot sub humid eco-region of Middle Gangetic Plains of India     

Manoj Parihar  Amitava Rakshit  Harikesh Bahadur Singh  Kiran Rana 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2019,69(5):386-397

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the salt affected soils of Varanasi district. Saccharum munja Roxb. was predominate among all the vegetation and shown strong AM fungal colonisation. Soil characteristics revealed their neutral to alkali nature and habituated six genera and eight different species of AM fungi i.e. Acaulospora (1), Cetraspora (1), Entrophospora (1), Funneliformis (2- F. geosporum and F. mosseae), Glomus (1), Rhizolglomus (2- R. intraradices and R. fasciculatum) in the rhizosphere of native salt tolerant vegetation. Rhizolglomus fasciculatum was the most widely distributed species under strongly alkaline condition (52.96%) while Funneliformis mosseae was well distributed under slightly (22.99%) to moderately alkaline condition (35.78%). Soil alkalinity was observed to be detrimental for AMF but members of family Glomeraceae registered their presence more frequently (～65%) with higher spore density showing strong adaptation which might be helpful in restoration of moderately to strongly alkaline disturbed eco-region.  相似文献   

In vitro clonal propagation of mature Tectona grandis through axillary bud proliferation     

Fatima Shirin  Prem Kumar Rana  Asim Kumar Mandal 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(6):465-469

An in vitro clonal propagation procedure for mature Tectona grandis (teak) trees is described. Multiple shoots were induced from nodal segments through axillary bud proliferation. A shoot multiplication rate of 6.33 was achieved on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 10 μM 6-benzyladenine BA and 1 μM 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) during every subculture cycle of 4 weeks. In vitro raised shoots could be successfully rooted (66.66%) on liquid MS medium supplemented with 15 μM NAA, with 1.60 roots per shoot, every 6 weeks of culture. In vitro hardening was carried out in sand soaked with half-strength MS medium (organic free). The plantlets were acclimatized first in a mist chamber and then in polybags in a mixture of soil, sand, and farmyard manure (1 : 1 : 1 v/v) in a shade house.  相似文献   

Effects of tall alleles SD1-in and SD1-ja to the dwarfing allele sd1-d originating from ‘Dee-geo-woo-gen’ on yield and related traits on the genetic background of indica IR36 in rice     

Birendra Bahadur Rana  Misa Kamimukai  Mukunda Bhattarai  Lokendra Rana  Ayaka Matsumoto  Hironori Nagano  Hiroki Oue  Masayuki Murai 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):334

sd1-d originating from ‘Dee-geo-woo-gen’ has been utilized to develop short-culmed indica varieties adaptable to higher fertilizer-application. Its tall alleles SD1-in and SD1-ja are harbored in indica and japonica subspecies, respectively. The sd1-d of indica IR36 was substituted with SD1-in or SD1-ja by recurrent backcrossing with IR36, and two tall isogenic lines (“5867-36” and “Koshi-36”) were developed. IR36, 5867-36 and Koshi-36 were grown in a paddy field in three years, and yield and related traits were measured, the effects of SD1-in and SD1-ja on yielding ability and related characteristics were examined on the genetic background of IR 36. SD1-in decreased panicle number per m² but increased spikelet number per panicle, ripened-grain percentage and 1000-grain weight, compared with sd1-d, resulting in the increase of yield. The increase of 1000-grain weight by SD1-in, caused by the increases of length, width and thickness of grain, was due to the increases of the length and width of lemma. SD1-ja did not significantly affect yield, mainly because the decrease of panicle number per m² was compensated by the enlarged 1000-grain weight owing to the increase of lemma length. Serious lodging was observed in long-culmed 5867-36, suggesting that sd1-d is indispensable for indica breeding programs.  相似文献