Relationship between plasma concentrations and analgesia after intravenous fentanyl and disposition after other routes of administration in cats     

Robertson SA  Taylor PM  Sear JW  Keuhnel G 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2005,28(1):87-93

Data allowing rational use of analgesics in cats are limited. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fentanyl were studied in cats. Plasma fentanyl concentrations were measured using radioimmunoassay in a crossover study in six cats after 10 microg/kg (i.v.) or by application of fentanyl in pluronic lecithin organogel (PLO) to the inner ear pinna. On a separate occasion thermal thresholds were measured after i.v. fentanyl (10 microg/kg) or saline. Plasma fentanyl concentrations reached 4.7-8.31 ng/mL 2 min after i.v. administration and were undetectable after 95 min. Fentanyl was not detected in plasma at any time after PLO use. Thermal thresholds did not change following saline administration but were increased above baseline from 5 to 110 min after i.v. fentanyl. In this model a plasma concentration of >1.07 ng/mL was required to provide analgesia. Plasma concentrations were measured in additional cats after intranasal or oral dosing (2 microg/kg) and after 30 microg/kg in PLO gel. After oral and nasal dosing, Cmax values were 0.96 and 1.48 ng/mL at 5 and 2 min, respectively. Plasma fentanyl was not detected after application of the higher dose of fentanyl in PLO.  相似文献   

Effects of treatment with omeprazole or ranitidine on gastric squamous ulceration in racing Thoroughbreds   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lester GD  Smith RL  Robertson ID 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,227(10):1636-1639

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of oral administration of omeprazole and ranitidine on gastric squamous ulceration in Thoroughbreds in race training. DESIGN: Modified crossover study. ANIMALS: 60 Thoroughbreds in race training with gastric squamous mucosal ulceration. PROCEDURE: Horses were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received no treatment for 28 days followed by administration of omeprazole (4 mg/kg [1.8 mg/lb], PO, once daily) for 28 days; group 2 received omeprazole (4 mg/kg, PO, once daily) for 28 days followed by no treatment for 28 days; and group 3 received ranitidine (6.6 mg/kg [3.0 mg/lb], PO, q 8 h) for 28 days followed by administration of omeprazole (4 mg/kg, PO, once daily) for 28 days. Ulceration was assessed endoscopically at days 0, 28, 42, and 56. Lesions were scored from 0 (no ulceration) to 3 (severe ulceration). RESULTS: After the initial 28 days of treatment, the decrease in ulcer severity was significantly greater after omeprazole treatment than after ranitidine treatment. Ulcer severity decreased significantly in group 3 horses after 14 days of treatment with omeprazole. Discontinuation of omeprazole resulted in worsening of ulcer scores; however, ulcer scores at completion of the study were less than at day 0. Horses that received omeprazole after 28 days of ranitidine treatment had a further reduction in ulcer severity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Omeprazole was more effective than ranitidine in healing gastric squamous ulcers in Thoroughbreds in race training. Improvement was detected by 14 days and persisted in most of the group 2 horses for at least 28 days after omeprazole treatment was discontinued.  相似文献   

DIFFERENTIATION OF SUB-TYPES OF EQUINE HERPESVIRUS I BY RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

M. Sabine  G. R. Robertson  J. M. Whalley 《Australian veterinary journal》1981,57(3):148-149

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The growth of the follicle and corpus luteum in the ovary of the sheep     

J S Hutchinson  H A Robertson 《Research in veterinary science》1966,7(1):17-24

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Estimation of growth hormone secretion rate in cattle     

M K Yousef  Y Takahashi  W D Robertson  L J Machlin  H D Johnson 《Journal of animal science》1969,29(2):341-344

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Serological response of cattle after vaccination and challenge with Brucella abortus     

S.S. Sutherland  D.V. Le Cras  A.G. Robertson  J.M. Johnston  R.J. Evans 《Veterinary microbiology》1982,7(2):165-175

New and currently used serological procedures were evaluated using sera from cattle that were challenged with B. abortus S544 (S544) after vaccination with either B. abortus S19 (S19) or B. abortus 45/20 (S45/20) as calves or adults. In animals vaccinated with S19, titres to the indirect haemolysis test (IHLT) rose more slowly, declined more rapidly and involved fewer animals than did titres to the complement fixation test (CFT). In animals vaccinated with S45/20 the rough antigen complement fixation test (RCFT) showed persistent titres. At slaughter the IHLT and CFT were found to be more specific and more sensitive than the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) in the detection of cattle infected with B. abortus.  相似文献   

VERTICILLIUM WILT OF LUCERNE IN BRITAIN   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Mary  Noble N. F. Robertson  W. J. Dowson 《Plant pathology》1953,2(1):31-33

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Subcutaneous emphysema from an axillary wound that resulted in pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothorax in a horse.     

S R Hance  J T Robertson 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(8):1107-1110

A 5-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was examined because of a small axillary wound sustained 5 days earlier and had resulted in extensive subcutaneous emphysema. Three days after admission, the horse's respiratory rate had increased to 72 breaths/min, and the horse appeared anxious and distressed. Thoracic radiography revealed pneumomediastinum and severe bilateral pneumothorax. Tube thoracostomy was performed on both hemithoraxes. The drains were connected to one-way suction valves and suction devices to decompress the thorax. A nasopharyngeal catheter was inserted, and oxygen insufflation was started. Cross ties were placed on the horse to limit movement, and the wound was packed. The horse improved within 30 minutes after initiating treatment. The horse was released 15 days after the development of pneumothorax, at which time the pneumothorax had resolved, the wound was no longer open, and the subcutaneous emphysema had greatly decreased. Although subcutaneous emphysema is usually regarded as a temporary cosmetic disfigurement, it can lead to serious complications such as pneumothorax. This case demonstrates that subcutaneous emphysema can lead to a life-threatening pneumothorax if the pressure is great enough to migrate through the mediastinum and into the pleural cavity. Horses with subcutaneous emphysema should be kept in confinement and monitored for the development of pneumothorax.  相似文献   

The case for routine intraoperative ECG monitoring.     

S Robertson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(2):437-440

Monitoring of the ECG is not advocated as the sole means of assessing cardiovascular function, but it does play an essential role in the diagnosis of intraoperative arrhythmias and does alert the anesthesiologist to potentially serious problems, which may otherwise go unrecognized.  相似文献   

A COMPLICATION OF CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION IN THE DOG:     

Sheilah A.  Robertson  PhD  David  Fowler  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1988,29(5):202-203

This case history describes a fatal complication of cardiac catheterization in a dog. A 2-year-old intact female miniature Schnauzer presented with a one month history of coughing, tachypnea, and dyspnea that was unresponsive to medical therapy. On clinical examination, a 4/6 systolic murmur was auscultated over the left and right fourth intercostal spaces. Lung sounds were diffusely increased. Survey radiographs revealed cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema. Cardiac catheterization was undertaken to clarify the cause of congestive cardiac failure but was abandoned when contrast medium was seen in the pericardial sac following an attempted injection of the contrast medium into the left ventricle. During recovery from anesthesia progressive pallor, hemothorax, and respiratory distress developed. The dog died 10 hours later despite aggressive support therapy. Gross necropsy revealed hemorrhage into the pericardial sac and pleural space, thrombus formation around and perforation of the right coronary artery.  相似文献