Kristina Roesel and Delia Grace (eds): Food safety and informal markets: animal products in sub-Saharan Africa     

Ann Waters-Bayer 《Agriculture and Human Values》2016,33(2):493-494

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汞矿区周围环境及畜禽砷、铅、铬污染情况调查     

覃朗  万洁妤  艾淼  施云刚  吴荣华  欧德渊 《贵州畜牧兽医》2015,39(2):7-10

目的:对汞矿周围环境和畜禽进行砷、铅、铬污染调查,为掌握其污染情况提供依据。方法:电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS测定。结果:环境中水源污染铅、砷严重,蔬菜、粮食受到不同程度污染;鸡、鸭组织铅污染严重;猪、牛、羊砷、铅污染严重,部分组织受铬轻度污染。结论:汞矿周围环境以及饲养的畜禽存在严重砷、铅污染,轻度铬污染。  相似文献   

G.M. Turchini,W.-K. Ng and D.R. Tocher (eds): Fish oil replacement and alternative lipid sources in aquaculture feeds     

Malcolm Jobling 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(3):595-596

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酒石酸泰万菌素对特定畜禽疫病防治功效研究进展     

万进  马妮妮  王聪 《中国动物检疫》2021,38(8):75-78

酒石酸泰万菌素(简称泰万菌素)系大环内酯类动物专用抗生素。本文综述了泰万菌素防治敏感细菌感染、支原体病、猪痢疾以及猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等畜禽疫病的功效研究成果,证实泰万菌素对于防治上述畜禽疫病功效显著。近年来研究发现,泰万菌素活性不同于其他类抗生素,可作为抗病毒药物使用,特别适用于对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的治疗。泰万菌素可抑制病毒复制,缩短病毒血症周期,降低死亡率,减轻临床症状;同时还可通过降低母猪流产率,提高产健康仔猪数以及改善母猪、仔猪病毒血症等,达到控制病毒垂直传播的目的。在当前日益关注兽药残留、动物源细菌耐药性的社会背景下,泰万菌素制剂能很好满足畜禽养殖场用药需求。  相似文献   

水稻再生水灌溉下的节水减排效果     

韩焕豪  刘鑫焱  高蓉  崔远来  顾世祥 《节水灌溉》2021,(12):43-49

为探明水稻再生水灌溉下的节水减排效果,在国家农业环境大理观测实验站开展了水稻再生水灌溉试验研究.试验设淹水灌溉(Flooding Irrigation,FI)及间歇灌溉(Alternate Wetting and Drying,AWD)两种灌溉模式,F1(全生育期清水灌溉+施全部化肥)、F2(分蘖期、拔节孕穗期再生水灌溉+施部分化肥)及F3(返青期、分蘖期、拔节孕穗期再生水灌溉+施部分化肥)3种施肥模式.分析了再生水灌溉下稻田田面水、不同深度地下水氮磷及化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)浓度变化及其流失负荷量,并研究了稻田的氮磷消纳能力及再生水对清水、肥料替代率.结果表明,再生水灌溉下田面水氮素浓度峰值出现次数多但峰值均较小,氮、磷径流损失负荷量平均值分别为2.65及0.62 kg/hm2,比清水灌溉增加了26％及28.6％.地下水氮、磷浓度整体上呈随深度的增加而减小趋势,再生水灌溉下氮素淋溶损失比清水灌溉少11％.AWD下氮、磷径流、淋溶负荷较FI均减少,返青期灌再生水在淋溶损失方面与其他再生水灌溉处理相比没有明显差异.稻田对所灌的再生水中氮、磷的消纳能力分别为92％及81％;灌再生水后4～5 d,COD的去除率可达78.2％.采用再生水灌溉几乎不会对环境造成负面影响.再生水灌溉替代清水效率可达75％左右,FI模式下再生水带入肥量较AWD大,75％水平年氮素替代化肥效率达35.8％,而磷素的带入量和替代率均较小.  相似文献   

纳米Al_2O_3改性水性木器漆耐磨性和硬度的研究     

龙玲  万祥龙  曲岩春 《林业科学》2011,47(9)

为提高水性聚丙烯酸酯木器漆的耐磨性和硬度,进行纳米Al2O3浆料的制备及其对水性木器漆改性的研究,探讨分析不同制备方法和Al2O3添加量对漆膜耐磨性和硬度的影响。结果表明:以聚丙烯酰胺为分散剂、聚乙二醇和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚为润湿剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定保护胶,在高速搅拌下制成的纳米Al2O3浆料,在透射电镜下观察发现纳米Al2O3颗粒分布均匀,具有良好的分散性;在不影响漆膜透明度的情况下,漆膜耐磨性和硬度随Al2O3添加量增加得到提高,添加量在1.5%时漆膜具有较好的耐磨性和硬度;纳米杂合工艺法的漆膜耐磨性和硬度优于后添加法制备的水性木器漆涂膜。  相似文献   

镉、铜胁迫对路易斯安娜鸢尾生理生化的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱广慧  唐蓉  高莉  倪红莲 《北方园艺》2011,(24):84-86

通过溶液培养的方法,研究了Cd、Cu胁迫对路易斯安娜鸢尾幼苗生长及生理生化的影响.结果表明:Cd、Cu胁迫下,路易斯安娜鸢尾幼苗生长缓慢,地上、地下干重下降,叶片中的叶绿素含量均随胁迫浓度的增加而降低；植株叶片的丙二醛和游离脯氨酸含量、超氧化物岐化酶活性均随处理浓度、处理时间的延长而增加.  相似文献   

Characterizing long-term forest disturbance history and its drivers in the Ning-Zhen Mountains,Jiangsu Province of eastern China using yearly Landsat observations (1987–2011)     

Mingshi Li  Chengquan Huang  Wenjuan Shen  Xinyu Ren  Yingying Lv  Jingrui Wang  Zhiliang Zhu 《林业研究》2016,27(6):1329-1341

Forest losses or gains have long been recognized as critical processes modulating the carbon flux between the biosphere and the atmosphere. Timely, accurate and spatially explicit information on forest disturbance and recovery history is required for assessing the effectiveness of existing forest management. The major objectives of our research focused on testing the mapping efficacy of the vegetation change tracker (VCT) model over a forested area in China. We used a new version of VCT algorithm built upon the Landsat time series stacks (LTSS). The LTSS consisted of yearly image acquisitions to map forest disturbance history from 1987 to 2011 over the Ning-Zhen Mountains, Jiangsu Province of east China. The LTSS consisted of TM and ETM+ scenes with different projections due to distinct data sources (Beijing remote sensing ground station and the USGS EROS Center). The validation results of the disturbance year maps showed that most spatial agreement measures ranged from 70 to 86 %, comparable with the VCT accuracies reported for many places in USA. Very low accuracies were identified in 1995 (38.3 %) and 1992 (56.2 %) in the current analysis. These resulted from the insensitivity of the VCT algorithm to detect low intensity disturbances and also from the mis-registration errors of the image pairs. Major forest disturbance types existing in our study area were identified as agricultural expansion (39.8 %), urbanization (24.9 %), forest management practice (19.3 %), and mining (12.8 %). In general, there was a gradual decreasing trend in forest cover throughout this region, caused principally by China’s economic, demographic, environmental and political policies and decisions, as well as some weather events. While VCT has largely been used to assess long term changes and trends in the USA, it has great potential for assessing landscape level change elsewhere throughout the world.  相似文献   

Effect of ammonia and nitrite on vigour,survival rate,moulting rate of the blue swimming crab <Emphasis Type="Italic">Portunus pelagicus</Emphasis> zoea     

Yong Yang Liao  Hong Hu Wang  Zhi Gan Lin 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(2):339-350

The effects of ammonia and nitrite on vigour, survival rate, moulting rate of zoea of blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus, were studied. A total of five nitrite-N treatments (26.67, 53.34, 106.68, 213.36, 426.72 mg/l) and a control (no nitrite-N added) were set up for the acute nitrite-N toxicity experiment; a total of five ammonia-N treatments (8.43, 16.86, 33.72, 67.44, 134.88 mg/l) and a control (no ammonia-N added) were set up for the acute ammonia-N toxicity experiment. The results showed that the vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 53.34 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of nitrite-N were 179.47, 76.56, 66.70, 37.49, 25.01, 25.35, 25.34 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 16.86 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of ammonia-N were 51.04, 39.62, 38.72, 24.43, 16.90, 13.42, 11.16 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The zoeae are highly sensitive to ammonia and nitrite, and the toxicity of ammonia and nitrite on Portunus pelagicus decrease with development of this crab.  相似文献   

Sarkis J. Khoury: Conversations with the Conscience     

Roger Chao 《Agriculture and Human Values》2010,27(2):251-252

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