Humoral and cellular immune responses in dogs with inapparent natural Leishmania infantum infection     

Coura-Vital W  Marques MJ  Giunchetti RC  Teixeira-Carvalho A  Moreira ND  Vitoriano-Souza J  Vieira PM  Carneiro CM  Corrêa-Oliveira R  Martins-Filho OA  Carneiro M  Reis AB 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,190(2):e43-e47

Molecular analysis, serology and immunophenotyping for T lymphocytes and their subsets, B lymphocytes and monocytes were performed on dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. Animals were categorised as asymptomatic dogs I (AD-I), with negative serology and positive molecular results, and asymptomatic dogs II (AD-II), with positive serology and positive molecular results, and these were compared to symptomatic dogs (SD) and control dogs (CD). AD-I exhibited immunophenotypic features similar to those of CD, including isotype profiles and concentrations of monocytes. Similar biomarkers were found in AD-II and SD, such as, higher levels of immunoglobulins IgG, IgG2, IgM and IgA and higher concentrations of eosinophils. High frequencies of T lymphocytes and CD4(+) T cells were observed in both AD-I and AD-II compared to SD, whereas CD8(+) T cells were higher only in AD-II compared with SD. Analysis of B lymphocytes revealed an increased frequency of this cell type only in AD-II animals compared with SD. Asymptomatic dogs appear to have a dichotomous infection spectrum that can influence the humoral and cellular immunological status during canine visceral leishmaniasis.  相似文献   

The split application of potassium influence the production,nutrients extraction,and quality of sweet potatoes     

Carla Verônica Corrêa  Aline Mendes de Sousa Gouveia  Natália de Brito Lima Lanna  Ana Emília Barbosa Tavares  Veridiana Zocoler Mendonça  Felipe Girotto Campos 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(16):2048-2056

Abstract

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of split application of potassium (K) fertilizer on the production and quality of sweet potatoes. Ten treatments were evaluated in factorial design (3?×?3?+?1): three doses of potassium (60, 90, and 120?kg K₂O ha^?1); three application types (100% applied at planting; 50% applied at planting and 50% was given as topdressing; 25% applied at planting and 75% was given as topdressing) and one control (without the application of K₂O either at planting or topdressing). The experiment used a randomized complete block design and four repetitions. The following parameters were studied: root number; root fresh matter per plant; total dry matter; yield; total macronutrient extraction; sugar content of starch; and commercial starch. The production characteristics of the roots presented a significant interaction between the factors doses of potassium and application types (parcelaments). Finally, better results were obtained when potassium was applied 50% at planting and 50% as topdressing.  相似文献   

Diet supplemented with probiotic for Nile tilapia in polyculture system with marine shrimp     

Jatobá A  Vieira Fdo N  Buglione-Neto CC  Mouriño' JL  Silva BC  Seiftter WQ  Andreatta ER 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):725-732

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum) supplemented diet on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a polyculture system with marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) as regards culture performance, hematology, and gut bacterial microbiota. Ten 20-m2 pens were arranged in one earthen pond and stocked with 2 fish (41.9 g) m⁻² and 10 shrimp (2.3 g) m⁻², in total of 40 Nile tilapias and 200 shrimp per experimental unit. Tilapia groups in five of the experimental units were fed a commercial diet supplemented with L. plantarum and the other five with an unsupplemented commercial diet (control). After 12 weeks of culture, the tilapia groups fed the probiotic-supplemented diet presented values 13.6, 7.5, and 7.1% higher for feed efficiency, yield, and final weight, respectively. Viable culturable heterotrophic bacteria counts were reduced, and the number of lactic acid bacteria was increased in the gut of fish and shrimp fed the probiotic-supplemented diet. Hematological analyses showed higher number of thrombocytes and leukocytes in tilapia fed the supplemented diet. L. plantarum utilized in this study colonized the gut of tilapia and shrimp and resulted in reduced number of total bacteria and increased tilapia final weight and feed efficiency.  相似文献   

Misuse of Antimicrobials and Selection of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strains in Breeding Kennels: Genetic Characterization of Bacteria After a Two‐year Interval     

A Rota  C Milani  M Corrò  I Drigo  S Börjesson 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(1):1-6

Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) strains have been isolated from dogs with increasing frequency; prolonged or excessive use of antimicrobials is associated with the selection of MRSP, and misuse of antimicrobials is frequent in breeding kennels. This study was carried out in two breeding kennels (A and B) in which we had isolated MRSP in 2008: the aim was to assess colonization of previously positive bitches and of other bitches sharing the same environment and to assess the genetic profile of both the old and the new strains [spa typing, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and Pulsed‐field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)]. Six animals from Kennel A (two from 2008) and eight from Kennel B (one from 2008) were tested: 16 MRSP strains were isolated only from bitches housed in Kennel B. Old and new isolates were mecA positive, resulted spa type t02 and carried SSCmec II–III. PGFE showed that all isolates were related and belonged to the main clone lineage dominating in Europe, ST71‐J‐t02‐II–III. Kennels A and B differ in the use of antimicrobials, which has been reduced over time in Kennel A, while has remained excessive in Kennel B, where many agents belonging to different classes (third‐generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolids) are administered to dogs, without veterinary supervision, especially around parturition. Misuse of antimicrobials is the key factor for the selection of MRSP strains in healthy dogs and for their persistence over time. Dog breeders should be aware that infections caused by multiresistant bacteria have very limited therapeutical options and represent a huge challenge for animal health.  相似文献   

Application of PCR-RFLP technique to species identification and phylogenetic analysis of Streptomyces associated with potato scab in Brazil based on partial atpD gene sequences     

Daniele Bussioli Alves Corrêa  Denise Salomão  Júlio Rodrigues-Neto  Ricardo Harakava  Suzete Aparecida Lanza Destéfano 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,142(1):1-12

  相似文献   

A history of passion fruit woodiness disease with emphasis on the current situation in Brazil and prospects for Brazilian passion fruit cultivation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. B. M. Cerqueira-Silva  L. D. H. C. S. Conceição  A. P. Souza  R. X. Corrêa 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,139(2):255-264

Plants of the Passiflora genus are widely cultivated for the production of fruit, cosmetics and pharmacological products and for floriculture. Here, we review the history of the identification of viral pathogens involved in passion fruit woodiness disease, which can affect different species of Passiflora. Additionally, we discuss prospects for research and development related to this pathosystem and applications to plant breeding. We discuss the different potyviruses identified as potential causal agents of passion fruit woodiness in Africa, Asia, Australia and Brazil. We focus on the status of the cultivation of different Passiflora species in Brazil and place this problem in a global context. Both classical and molecular strategies for obtaining virus-resistant Passiflora plants are discussed in this work, thus providing insight into this pathosystem and useful information for breeders of Passiflora species.  相似文献   

Complex and open fractures: a straightforward approach to management in the cat     

Corr S 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(1):55-64

CLINICAL CHALLENGES: Cats often present with traumatic injuries of the limbs, including complex and open fractures, frequently as a result of road traffic accidents. On initial assessment, complex and open fractures may appear to require expertise beyond the experience of the general practitioner and, in some cases, referral to a specialist may be indicated or amputation should be considered. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Many cases, however, can be managed using straightforward principles. This review describes a logical and practical approach to treating such injuries. It discusses general principles of fracture management, highlights the treatment of open fractures, and describes the use of external skeletal fixation for stabilisation of both open and complex fractures. EQUIPMENT: Most fractures can be stabilised using equipment and expertise available in general practice if the basic principles of fracture fixation are understood and rigorously applied. EVIDENCE BASE: Many textbooks and journal articles have been published on the management of fractures in companion animals, presenting case studies, case series and original biomechanical research. The simple strategy for managing complex injuries that is provided in this review is based on the published literature and the author's clinical experience.  相似文献   

QTL mapping and identification of corresponding genomic regions for black pod disease resistance to three <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora</Emphasis> species in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Theobroma cacao</Emphasis> L.     

M. A. Barreto  J. R. B. F. Rosa  I. S. A. Holanda  C. B. Cardoso-Silva  C. I. A. Vildoso  D. Ahnert  M. M. Souza  R. X. Corrêa  S. Royaert  J. Marelli  E. S. L. Santos  E. D. M. N. Luz  A. A. F. Garcia  A. P. Souza 《Euphytica》2018,214(10):188

The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) is a species of great importance because cacao beans are the raw material used in the production of chocolate. However, the economic success of cacao is largely limited by important diseases such as black pod, which is responsible for losses of up to 30–40% of the global cacao harvest. The discovery of resistance genes could extensively reduce these losses. Therefore, the aims of this study were to construct an integrated multipoint genetic map, align polymorphisms against the available cacao genome, and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to black pod disease in cacao. The genetic map had a total length of 956.41 cM and included 186 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers distributed among 10 linkage groups. The physical “in silico” map covered more than 200 Mb of the cacao genome. Based on the mixed model predicted means of Phytophthora evaluation, a total of 6 QTLs were detected for Phytophthora palmivora (1 QTL), Phytophthora citrophthora (1 QTL), and Phytophthora capsici (4 QTLs). Approximately 1.77–3.29% of the phenotypic variation could be explained by the mapped QTLs. Several SSR marker-flanking regions containing mapped QTLs were located in proximity to disease regions. The greatest number of resistance genes was detected in linkage group 6, which provides strong evidence for a QTL. This joint analysis involving multipoint and mixed-model approaches may provide a potentially promising technique for detecting genes resistant to black pod and could be very useful for future studies in cacao breeding.  相似文献   

NDVI variation according to the time of measurement,sampling size,positioning of sensor and water regime in different soybean cultivars     

Luis?Guilherme?Teixeira?Crusiol  Josirley?de?Fátima?Corrêa?Carvalho  Rubson?Natal?Ribeiro?Sibaldelli  Walkyria?Neiverth  Alexandre?do?Rio  Leonardo?Cesar?Ferreira  Sergio?de?Oliveira?Procópio  Liliane?Márcia?Mertz-Henning  Alexandre?Lima?Nepomuceno  Norman?Neumaier  José?Renato?Bou?as?FariasEmail author 《Precision Agriculture》2017,18(4):470-490

Although the information on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in plants under water deficit is often obtained from sensors attached to satellites, the increasing data acquisition with portable sensors has wide applicability in agricultural production because it is a fast, nondestructive method, and is less prone to interference problems. Thus, we carried out a set of experiments to investigate the influence of time, spatial plant arrangements, sampling size, height of the sensor and water regimes on NDVI readings in different soybean cultivars in greenhouse and field trials during the crop seasons 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14. In experiments where plants were always evaluated under well-watered conditions, we observed that 9 a.m. was the most suitable time for NDVI readings regardless of the soybean cultivar, spatial arrangement or environment. Furthermore, there was no difference among NDVI readings in relation to the sampling size, regardless of the date or cultivar. We also observed that NDVI tended to decrease according to the higher height of the sensor in relation to the canopy top, with higher values tending to be at 0.8 m, but with no significant difference relative to 1.0 m—the height we adopted in our experiments. When different water regimes were induced under field conditions, NDVI readings measured at 9 a.m. by using a portable sensor were successful to differentiate soybean cultivars with contrasting responses to drought.  相似文献   

Brain lesions in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.     

André Mendes Ribeiro Corrêa  Priscila Zlotowski  David Emilio Santos Neves de Barcellos  Cláudio Estêv?o Farias da Cruz  David Driemeier 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(1):109-112

Anti-porcine circovirus type 2 (anti-PCV2) immunostaining was associated with cerebellar lymphohistiocytic vasculitis combined with hemorrhages (50 pigs) or with lymphohistiocytic meningitis (23 pigs) in pigs naturally affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The animals originated from 12 farms in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In total, 456 unthrifty 3- to 5-month-old postweaning pigs confirmed as PMWS cases were necropsied. Although most findings mimicked those extensively reported in PMWS-affected pigs, there were distinctive brain lesions that included multiple hemorrhages in the cerebellar leptomeninges associated with lymphohistiocytic vasculitis and fibrinoid degeneration in vessels of the cerebellum and periventricular areas (69 pigs). These vascular lesions were also seen in conjunction with lymphohistiocytic meningitis (38 additional pigs). PCV2 antigen was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional perivascular macrophages and endothelial-like cells in brain tissues. Together these findings suggest that these lesions were caused by PCV2.  相似文献