Gene expression profiles in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) during the estrous cycle and pregnancy: Possible roles of chemokines in regulating CL function during pregnancy     

Ryosuke SAKUMOTO  Ken-Go HAYASHI  Misa HOSOE  Kosuke IGA  Keiichiro KIZAKI  Kiyoshi OKUDA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(1):42-48

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Diverse functions of perlecan in central nervous system cells in vitro          下载免费PDF全文

Ryosuke Nakamura  Fumio Nakamura  Shigeharu Fukunaga 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(10):904-911

Therapeutic treatment targeting one cell type is considered ineffective in remedying any injury to the central nervous system (CNS). Perlecan, a multi‐functional, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, shows diverse effects on distinct cell types, suggesting that it is one of the candidates that can augment the regenerative mechanisms in the injured CNS. Therefore, we examined the functions of perlecan in CNS cells in vitro by using perlecan purified from bovine kidney. Perlecan‐coated cell culture plates, unlike their type I/III collagen‐coated counterparts, did not inhibit the adhesion of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) and neurons. The coated perlecan and the perlecan added to the culture medium suppressed astrocyte proliferation; however, perlecan added to the medium promoted NS/PC proliferation. Neurons were promoted to extend their neurites on the perlecan‐coated substrate, and perlecan added to the medium also showed a similar effect. NS/PC proliferation and neurite extension is a major regenerative reaction in CNS injury, whereas excess proliferation of astrocytes cause hypertrophy of glial scars, which repels neurons. Our in vitro study suggests that perlecan is an attractive candidate to promote regenerative mechanisms and to suppress reactions that hamper regenerative processes in cases of CNS injury.  相似文献   

Disruption of endogenous perlecan function improves differentiation of rat articular chondrocytes in vitro          下载免费PDF全文

Ryosuke Nakamura  Fumio Nakamura  Shigeharu Fukunaga 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(4):449-458

Heparan sulfate (HS) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are necessary for normal cartilage development and chondrocyte differentiation. However, recent studies demonstrated that HSPG accelerate dedifferentiation and catabolism in chondrocytes from degenerative cartilage. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of HSPG on chondrocyte differentiation in vitro. Rat articular chondrocytes were cultured at low (0.3 × 10⁴ cells/cm²) and high (1.5 × 10⁵ cells/cm²) density in the presence or absence of heparitinase I, an HS degrading enzyme. Cells cultured at low density dedifferentiated and exhibited an elongated morphology, and treatment with heparitinase I precluded cell elongation. Conversely, populations of chondrocytes cultured at high density exhibited either a dedifferentiated or differentiated phenotype. Glycosaminoglycan accumulation increased in heparitinase I‐treated cells. To determine the function of perlecan, an important HSPG for cartilage development, in chondrocyte differentiation, rat chondrocyte cultures were exposed to an anti‐perlecan antiserum to inhibit perlecan function. Western blotting analysis indicated that preventing perlecan activity increased type II collagen synthesis. Our results suggest that HSPG are negative regulators of chondrocyte differentiation in vitro and that perlecan contributes to chondrocyte dedifferentiation in vitro.  相似文献   

Reliability of estrous detection in Holstein heifers using a radiotelemetric pedometer located on the neck or legs under different rearing conditions     

Sakaguchi M  Fujiki R  Yabuuchi K  Takahashi Y  Aoki M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):819-828

To evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of estrous detection using a new pedometry system that can measure the hourly activity of cattle, pedometers were attached to the neck and the hind legs of 15 Holstein heifers. Heifers were reared in pasture for grazing, an open paddock, or in a tie-stall barn (an additional pedometer was attached to a front leg of each of these heifers). The most recent 24 h-total number of steps was compared for each 1 h-interval with the mean value of the preceding days during the reference period (RP). The neck pedometer detected all 10 instances of estrous activity (100%) for the grazing heifers at 1.3 times the thresholds value for a 5-day RP but with only 32% accuracy. The hind leg pedometer, however, obtained 100% efficiency and 83% accuracy at 1.4 times the threshold value for a 7-day RP. The efficiencies and accuracies in detecting 12 instances of estrous activity under the paddock condition were 92 and 65% (neck, 1.3-fold, 7-day RP) and 92 and 100% (hind leg, 1.6- or 1.7-fold, 7-day RP), respectively. Under the tie stall condition, the neck pedometers detected 92% of 23 instances of estrous activity with 34% accuracy (1.2-fold, 3-day RP), and the efficiencies and accuracies of the leg pedometers were 78 and 78% (hind leg, 1.4-fold, 4- or 6-day RP) and 87 and 83% (front leg, 1.4-fold, 7-day RP), respectively. Prediction of ovulation time was more precisely with the leg pedometers than with those under the tie stall conditions. Our preliminary results indicate that this new pedometer system has practical value for estrous detection in heifers under different rearing conditions, which affect the criteria required for detection. Furthermore, they also indicate that a leg pedometer can reliably detect estrus and that a neck pedometer may only be capable of detecting estrus under paddock rearing conditions.  相似文献   

A promising strain of endophytic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces</Emphasis> sp. for biological control of cucumber anthracnose   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Masafumi Shimizu  Sachiko Yazawa  Yusuke Ushijima 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(1):27-36

In a survey for effective biocontrol agents of Colletotrichum orbiculare, causal agent of cucumber anthracnose, 43 (MBCu series) and 135 (MBPu series) endophytic actinomycete strains were recovered from surface-sterilized organs of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) plants, respectively. The strains were cultured with C. orbiculare on IMA-2 agar medium to determine their in vitro antagonistic ability. Eleven strains that strongly inhibited hyphal growth of the pathogen were selected as potent antagonists. Detached cotyledons of cucumber were soaked in a spore suspension of an antagonistic strain 1 day before challenge-inoculation with the pathogen, and six of these antagonists (MBCu-32, 36, 42, 45, and 56, and MBPu-75) significantly reduced the number and size of the lesions on the cotyledons compared to the untreated control. In the same way, these six strains inhibited lesion development on attached leaves of 3-week-old cucumber seedlings. Strain MBCu-56, the most suppressive of the strains, was selected for further tests. Its suppressiveness increased as concentrations increased; pretreatment of leaves with the strain at 10⁷, 10⁸ and 10⁹ cfu/ml suppressed disease by 72, 79 and 93%, respectively. These results strongly indicated that MBCu-56 has strong potential for controlling cucumber anthracnose. Based on the taxonomic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, MBCu-56 was identified as Streptomyces sp. With scanning electron microscopy, the substrate mycelia of the strain were seen to colonize the surface of leaves above the cuticle. Some hyphae also penetrated and grew underneath the cuticle.  相似文献   

Application of surrogate broodstock technology in aquaculture     

Yoshizaki  Goro  Yazawa  Ryosuke 《Fisheries Science》2019,85(3):429-437

Fisheries Science - Surrogate broodstock technology facilitates the production of donor-derived gametes in surrogates, and comprises transplanting germ cells of a donor into recipients of a...  相似文献   

Development of a simple method for sperm cryopreservation of Scombridae fishes in outdoor environments     

Wataru Kawamura  Ryosuke Yazawa  Reoto Tani  Yutaka Takeuchi  Tetsuro Morita  Hiroyuki Yoshikawa  Goro Yoshizaki 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(8):3376-3383

We developed a simple dry shipper method for cryopreserving the sperm of Scombridae fish in outdoor environments. First, we undertook a preliminary study to optimize the sperm cryopreservation conditions using bullet tuna, Auxis rochei (Risso, 1810) sperm. We found that the optimum cryomedium contained 90% foetal bovine serum (FBS) or 300 mM trehalose as an external cryoprotectant and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as an internal cryoprotectant. Under these optimized conditions, the post‐thaw sperm had a duration of motility of 500 s and a motility rate of >70%. We then performed practical trials of the optimized protocol in various outdoor environments (e.g., fishing boats and ports) using the sperm of five Scombridae species: chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782); blue mackerel, S. australasicus (Cuvier, 1832); skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758); longtail tuna Thunnus tonggol, (Bleeker, 1851) and Pacific bluefin tuna, T. orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844). The post‐thaw sperm of all five of these species had a duration of motility of 650 s and a motility rate of >70%, indicating that this simple method can be used to obtain high‐quality cryopreserved sperm of various Scombridae species in outdoor environments.  相似文献   

基于作物模型与叶面积指数遥感影像同化的区域单产估测研究   总被引：4，自引：15，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

杨鹏  吴文斌  周清波  陈仲新  查燕  唐华俊  柴崎亮介 《农业工程学报》2007,23(9):130-136

通过对作物光合、呼吸、蒸腾、营养等一系列生理生化过程的定量模拟，作物生长模型已经被成功应用于田间尺度的作物单产研究。为了进一步将作物模型扩展应用于区域尺度，提高区域作物单产的模拟精度，该文探讨了将作物模型与多时相叶面积指数(LAI)遥感影像同化以改善区域单产估测的方法。研究首先通过地理信息系统将美国农业部开发的“考虑气候的作物环境决策模型”——EPIC模型，扩展为空间模型。然后，通过基于Landsat TM影像差值植被指数DVI与田间观测叶面积指数构建的最优回归模型，反演了研究区域的多时相叶面积指数影像。最后通过优化算法实现了空间EPIC模型与影像信息的同化，并将系统应用于河北石家庄地区2004年冬小麦的单产估测。结果表明，通过数据同化校正部分关键参数后的空间作物模型的单产模拟精度得到有效提高，但要达到业务运行精度仍有待进一步改善。  相似文献   

日本以农协为主推进智慧农业发展经验及对中国的启示     

胡鹤鸣  王应宽  李明  芋生憲司  海津裕  古桥贤一  张洪铎  冈本凉佑  黄金其 《农业工程学报》2024,40(8):299-310

日本农业面临严峻的农业人口老龄化与农业人口减少的问题,且以小型田块和山地耕地居多,农业劳作不便。为了解决上述问题,保障粮食供应,振兴地方经济,日本正大力发展智慧农业。日本农协协助制定了新的农业基本法以及农林水产信息化战略以支持农业的发展,并在农业机械自动化、农用信息系统、农村网络改造、农用航空、植物工厂等方面开展了大量的科技创新与应用,推动了日本现代农业的发展,日本以140.4万人且主体为老龄人口的核心农户实现了近1.3亿人口的主要粮食自给自足。日本农协多层级、多部门、全方位覆盖农业流程的服务,为智慧农业的落地助力。纵观日本智慧农业的发展历程与成效,借鉴其成功经验,对中国农业发展提出如下建议：应当创新农业体制机制,打通信息、人力、资源的流通渠道;优化农村营商环境,发挥好地方、高校、企业等不同主体的优势,立足乡村振兴角度对智慧农业技术进行长期的实证化研究;借鉴日本农协在农业生产、销售、推广、管理上的经验,因地制宜,积极探索,夯实根基,有助于推进中国乡村全面振兴,加快农业农村现代化和建设智慧农业强国。  相似文献   

Flower greening in phytoplasma-infected Hydrangea macrophylla grown under different shading conditions     

Elly Kesumawati  Munetaka Hosokawa  Takushi Kimata  Tatsuya Uemachi  Susumu Yazawa 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

To determine the effect of light intensity on flower greening, the Japanese hydrangea phyllody (JHP) phytoplasma-infected hydrangea cultivars ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’, ‘Rosea’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants were grown under different shade conditions. In the first-year experiment, the results indicate that the flowers of the JHP-phytoplasma-infected hydrangea become green under shaded conditions (70% and 49% sunlight intensities). On the other hand, under full sunlight intensity (100% sunlight intensity), the flowers of ‘Midori’, ‘Rosea’, and ‘Libelle’ plants were blue, pink or white. To calculate the percentage of flower greening, inflorescences of these plants were separated and divided into individual flowers, and classified into four types by green-area ratio, calculated using Adobe Photoshop. Under shading with one sheet of cheesecloth (70% sunlight intensity), the inflorescences of ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants were composed of more than 40% completely green flowers (0.8 ≦ green-area ratio), whereas those of ‘Rosea’ plant had 0% completely green flowers. Under shading with two sheets of cheesecloth (49% sunlight intensity), the inflorescences of ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants had more than 75% completely green flowers; ‘Rosea’ plants had 28%. In the second-year experiment, under full sunlight intensity, ‘Midori’ plants had four types of flower depending on their green-area ratio, namely, completely blue or pink, pink-green, greenish and completely green flowers. Under shading with two sheets of cheesecloth, ‘Midori’ plants had more than 90% completely green flowers. The JHP-phytoplasma could not be identified by PCR analysis in flowers with a green-area ratio = 0 (completely blue/pink/white flowers). On the other hand, in flowers with a green-area ratio > 0, the JHP-phytoplasma was detected by PCR analysis. Thus, we conclude that shading enhances flower greening in hydrangea by increasing the JHP-phytoplasma concentration in the flowers.  相似文献