Use of Propofol–Xylazine and the Anderson Sling Suspension System for Recovery of Horses from Desflurane Anesthesia     

EUGENE P. STEFFEY VMD  PhD  Diplomate ACVA & ECVA  ROBERT J. BROSNAN DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVA  LARRY D. GALUPPO DVM  Diplomate ACVS  KHURSHEED R. MAMA DVM  Diplomate ACVA  AYAKO IMAI DVM  MS  LARA K. MAXWELL DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVCP  CYNTHIA A. COLE DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVCP  SCOTT D. STANLEY PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(8):927-933

Objective— To characterize the behavior of horses recovering in the Anderson Sling Suspension System after 4 hours of desflurane anesthesia and postdesflurane intravenous (IV) administration of propofol and xylazine. Study Design— Experimental study. Animals— Healthy horses (n=6), mean±SEM age 12.3±1.8 years; mean weight 556±27 kg. Methods— Each horse was anesthetized with xylazine, diazepam, and ketamine IV and anesthesia was maintained with desflurane in O₂. At the end of 4 hours of desflurane, each horse was positioned in the sling suspension system and administered propofol–xylazine IV. Recovery events were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed. Venous blood was obtained before and after anesthesia for biochemical and propofol analyses. Results— Anesthetic induction and maintenance were without incident. Apnea commonly accompanied propofol administration. All horses had consistent recovery behavior characterized by a smooth, careful, atraumatic return to a standing posture. Conclusions— Results of this study support careful, selective clinical use of desflurane, propofol–xylazine, and the Anderson Sling Suspension System to atraumatically transition horses with high anesthetic recovery risk to a wakeful standing posture. Clinical Relevance— Technique choices to facilitate individualized, atraumatic recovery of horses from general anesthesia are desirable. Use of IV propofol and xylazine to transition horses from desflurane anesthesia during sling recovery to standing posture may facilitate improved recovery management of high‐injury risk equine patients requiring general anesthesia.  相似文献   

Intra-articular Anesthesia of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint Alleviates Lameness Associated With the Navicular Bursa in Horses     

R. SCOTT PLEASANT DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    H. DAVID MOLL DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    WILLIAM B. LEY DVM  MS  Diplomate ACT    PIERRE LESSARD DVM  MPVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVPM  LORIN D. WARNICK DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVPM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(2):137-140

Objective — To determine if intra-articular anesthesia of the distal interphalangeal joint could alleviate lameness associated with the navicular bursa in horses.
Study Design — Experimental investigation.
Animals — Six clinically normal horses.
Methods — Lameness was induced in each horse by injecting either the left or right front navicular bursa with 5 mg of amphotericin-B. Forty-eight hours later each horse was videotaped walking and trotting before, and 5, 30, and 60 minutes after injecting the distal interphalangeal joint of the treated limb with 5 mL of 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride. All video recordings were then rerecorded onto master tapes in a random sequence. Four clinicians, unaware of the animal identity related to observation time or limb treated, independently viewed these tapes and graded the lamenesses.
Results — There was a significant reduction in lameness 5 and 30 minutes after anesthetic was injected into the distal interphalangeal joint. Lameness scores 60 minutes after anesthetic administration were not significantly different than baseline values. Gross pathological examination confirmed marked inflammation of the treated navicular bursae and normal appearance of the distal interphalangeal joints.
Conclusions — Intra-articular anesthesia of the distal interphalangeal joint can alleviate lameness associated with the navicular bursa.
Clinical Relevance — Intra-articular anesthesia of the distal interphalangeal joint is not specific only for lameness originating in the distal interphalangeal joint.  相似文献   

HERBICIDES AS FERTILIZER ADDITIVES     

M. R. SCOTT  E. M. SCOTT 《Weed Research》1962,2(4):247-263

Summary. Granulated compound fertilizers were tested as solid carriers for a variety of herbicides known to be active when applied as liquids.
Pasture and cereal experiments with 2,4-D and MCPA as fertilizer additives indicated considerable loss of herbicidal activity in comparison with spray formulations.
Residual herbicides such as TCA, propham and diuron retained their activity when added to fertilizer for application to root crops. The most effective of the herbicides used as fertilizer additives were TCA and propham, both of which gave good control of Avena fatua in sugar beet, and a mixture of chlorpropham and diuron gave promising results as a general weed control treatment in carrots.
It is concluded that the addition of these or similar herbicides to fertilizer granules may have advantages over conventional spray formulations for those crops which require broadcast pre-sowing applications of herbicides and fertilizer. For such crops the use of a granular fertilizer as the carrier instead of inert material could also have advantages over conventional granular herbicides, particularly by reducing transport and application costs.  相似文献   

The topology of pore structure in cracking clay soil. II. Connectivity density and its estimation     

G. J. T. SCOTT  R. WEBSTER  S. NORTCLIFF 《European Journal of Soil Science》1988,39(3):315-326

Pores in soil, especially in cracking clays, interconnect in more or less complex patterns. The complexity of the pattern can be represented by its connectivity. The connectivity of a network of cracks is the number of loops in it, and the number of loops per unit volume of soil is the connectivity density (G_v) .
The patterns of cracks wider than 60 μm were exposed in parallel sections 50 μm apart, photographed and skeletonized. Loops were tracked from one section to another and counted. Other loops completed in three dimensions but not apparent in horizontal sections were recognized and added to the count. The counts were linearly related to the number of sections examined, and by regression analysis stable and precise estimates of G_v were obtained for the clay subsoils of Windsor and Swanwick soil series from as few as eight sections. The connectivity density of the crack pattern in the Windsor subsoil was approximately 300 cm⁻³ and that of the Swanwick series about 195 cm⁻³.  相似文献   

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ABILITY OF PLANTS TO ABSORB PHOSPHATE FROM SOILS     

W. N. M. FOSTER  R. SCOTT RUSSELL 《European Journal of Soil Science》1958,9(2):280-288

  相似文献   

CARBON, NITROGEN, SULPHUR, AND PHOSPHORUS IN SOME SCOTTISH SOILS   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. H. WILLIAMS  E. G. WILLIAMS  N. M. SCOTT 《European Journal of Soil Science》1960,11(2):334-346

  相似文献   

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ABILITY OF PLANTS TO ABSORB PHOSPHATE FROM SOIL   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R. SCOTT RUSSELL  E. W. RUSSELL  P. G. MARAIS 《European Journal of Soil Science》1958,9(1):101-108

  相似文献   

Clinicopathologic Effects of a 21-Aminosteroid Compound (U74389G) and High-Dose Methylprednisolone on Spinal Cord Function After Simulated Spinal Cord Trauma   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JOAN R. COATES DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM-Neurology    DONALD C. SORJONEN DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM-Neurology    STEPHEN T. SIMPSON DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM-Neurology    NANCY R. COX DVM  PhD    JAMES C. WRIGHT DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVPM    JUDITH A. HUDSON DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVR    SUSAN T. FINN-BODNER DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVR  SCOTT A. BROWN DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVCP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(2):128-139

A model simulating acute-compressive spinal cord trauma at the second lumbar spinal cord segment (100 g, 300 seconds) was used to evaluate the efficacy of a vehicle control, methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS), and a 21-aminosteroid compound (U74389G). Dogs were allocated into one of five treatment groups (A to E) using ultrasonographic determination of spinal cord diameters to ensure even distribution of spinal cord diameters among the treatment groups. Initial dosages of the vehicle control (A), methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg of body weight) (B), or U74389G (30 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg of body weight) (C, D, or E, respectively) were administered intravenously 30 minutes after trauma. Dosages were reduced by one-half for 2 and 6 hour treatments. Then every 4 hours for 42 hours, dosages were reduced one-third and one-sixth from the original dose of methylprednisolone and U74389G, respectively. Neurological examinations were performed daily for 21 days. Histopathological examination of the traumatized spinal cord showed malacic and degenerative lesions. Although significant differences in some portions of the neurological and histopathologic examinations were observed, clinical efficacy for MPSS and U74389G could not be established in this model.  相似文献   

Sebaceous gland melanosis in dogs with endocrine skin disease or follicular dysplasia: a retrospective study     

MARY S. BAGLADI  DANNY W. SCOTT  WILLIAM H. MILLER JR 《Veterinary dermatology》1996,7(2):85-90

Abstract Skin biopsy specimens from 107 dogs with endocrine skin disorders were examined for the presence of melanin granules in the sebaceous glands or ducts (sebaceous gland melanosis). Nineteen of these cases (17.8%) had sebaceous gland melanosis. Skin biopsy specimens from 71 dogs with follicular dysplasia were similarly examined and 27 (38.0%) had sebaceous gland melanosis. Sebaceous gland melanosis alone cannot be used to differentiate histologically follicular dysplasia and endocrine skin disorders. Résumé— Des biopsies cutanées provenant de 107 chiens présentant des troubles cutanés associés à une dysendocrinie ont été examinées pour la rechereche de granules de mélanine dans les glandes sébacées ou dans leurs canaux (mélanose des glandes sébacées). Dix neuf de ces cas (17,8%) présentaient une mélanose des glandes sébacées. Des biopsies provenant de 71 chiens à dysplasic folliculaire ont été examinées de la même manière et 27 (38%) de ces cas présentaient également une mélanose des glandes sébacées. La mélanose des glandes sébacées seule ne peut être utilisée pour différencier histopathologiquement les dysplasies folliculaires des lésions cutanées associées à une dysendocrinie. [Bagladi, M.S., Scott, D.W., Miller, W.H. Sebaceous gland melanosis in dogs with endocrine skin disease or follicular dysplasia: A retrospective study (Mélanose des glandes sébacées chez des chiens présentant une dysendocrinic à expression cutanée et chez des chiens présentant une dysplasie folliculaire). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 85–90.] Resumen Se examinó la presencia de gránules de melanina en las glándulas sebáceas (melanosis de glándulas sebáceas) en muestras de biopsia cutánea de 107 perros con desequilibrios endocrinos cutáneos. Diecinueve de estos casos (17.8%) mostraban melanosis de glándulas sebáceas. Las muestras de biopsia cutánea de 71 perros con displasia folicular se examinaron de forma similar y 27 (38.0%) mostraban melanosis de glándulas sebáccas. La melanosis de glándulas sebáceas en sí no puede utilizarse para diferenciar histológicamente entre la displasia folicular y los desequilibrios endocrinos. [Bagladi, M.S., Scott, D.W., Miller, W.H. Sebaceous gland melanosis in dogs with endocrine skin disease or follicular dysplasia: A retrospective study (Melanosis glandulas sebaceas en perros con enfermedad endocrina o dysplasia folicular: estudio retrospectivo). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 85–90.] Zusammenfassung— Es wurden Hautbiopsien von 107 Hunden mit endokrinen Hauterkrankungen auf das Vorkommen von Melaningranula in den Talgdrüsen oder -ausführungsgängen (Talgdrüsenmelanose) untersucht. 19 dieser Fälle (17,8%) zeigten Talgdrüsenmelanose. Die Hautbiopsien von 71 Hunden mit follikulärer Dysplasie wurden auf ähnliche Weise untersucht, 27 davon (38,0%) wiesen ebenfalls Talgdrüsenmelanose auf. Talgdrüsenmelanose allein kann nicht dazu verwendet werden, um histologisch follikuläre Dysplasie und endokrine Hauterkrankungen zu unterscheiden. [Bagladi, M. S., Scott, D. W., Miller, W. H. Sebaceous gland melanosis in dogs with endocrine skin disease of follicular dysplasia: a retrospective study (Talgdrüsenmelanose bei Hunden mit endokrinen Hauterkrankungen oder follikulärer Dysplasie: eine retrospektive Studie). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 85–90.]  相似文献   

Spontaneous Neoplastic and Hyperplastic Skin Lesions of the Woodchuck     

WAYNE I. ANDERSON  DANNY W. SCOTT  WILLIAM E. HORNBUCKLE  JOHN M. KING  BUD C. TENNANT 《Veterinary dermatology》1990,1(4):177-180

Abstract— In a retrospective postmortem survey of laboratory woodchucks (Marmota monax), four neoplastic and one hyperplastic skin lesions were identified. These included two lipomas and single cases each of squamous cell carcinoma, apocrine gland adenoma and sebaceous gland hyperplasia. Three animals were male, the other two female. Animals ranged from 2 to 7 years of age. Four animals were negative for markers of woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV). The other, a 7-year-old female with an axillary lipoma, was a chronic carrier. Four neoplasms were discrete masses; the digital squamous cell carcinoma was more extensive, infiltrative and interfered with prehension. The low incidence of skin tumours (0.8 per cent) parallels that described in other laboratory rodent species. Résumé— Une étude rétrospective portant sur des autopsies de marmottes de laboratoire (Marmota monax) a permis la mise en évidence de 4 lésions néoplasiques et d'une lésion hyperplasique de la peau. Il s'agissait de deux lipomes ainsi que de cas isolés d'épthélioma spinocellulaire, d'adénome apocrine et d'hyperplasie sébacée. Trois animaux étaient des mäles et deux, des femelles. L'äge variait de 2 à 7 ans. Quatre animaux étaient négatifs au marqueur de l'hépatite virale de la marmotte (WHV). Le cinquième, une femelle de 7 ans présentant un lipome axillaire, était un porteur chronique. Quatre des néoplasies étaient des masses discrètes; l'épithélioma spinocellulaire du doigt était plus extensif, infiltrant et gênait la préhension. La faible incidence des tumeurs cutanées (0,8%) est identique à celle que l'on décrit chez d'autres rongeurs de laboratoire. Zusammenfassung— In einer retrospektiven postmortalen Untersuchung von Labor-Murmeltieren (Marmota monax) wurden vier neoplastische und eine hyperplastische Hautveränderung festgestellt. Darunter waren zwei Lipome und einzelne Fälle von jeweils einem Plattenepithelkazinom, einem apokrinen Adenom und einer Talgdrüsenhyperplasie. Drei Tiere waren männlich, die beiden anderen weiblich. Das Alter der Tiere lag zwischen 2 und 7 Jahren. Vier der Tiere reagierten negativ auf Murmeltier-Hepatitis-Virus-Marker (WHV). Ein weiteres 7 Jahre altes weibliches Tier mit einem Lipom im Achselbereich war chronischer Träger. Vier der Neubildungen stellten diskrete Massen dar; das Plattenepithelkarzinom im Fußbereich war ausgedehnter, infiltrativ wachsend und beeinträchtigte die Greifbewegungen. Das geringe Vorkommen von Hauttumoren (0,8%) entspricht demjenigen, das bei anderen Nagern beschrieben wurde. Resumen En un estudio retrospectivo postmortem de marmotas de laboratio (Marmota monax) se identificaron cuatro lesiones neoplásicas cutáneas y una lesión cutánea de tipo hiperplásico. Entre estas se encontraban dos lipomas y casos individuales de carcinoma de células escamosas, adenoma de glándulas apocrinas e hiperplasia de glándulas sebáceas. Tres animales eran machos y los dos restantes eran hembras. La edad de los animales oscilaba entre los dos y los siete años. Cuatro animales fueron negativos para maracadores del virus de la hepatitis de la marmota. El otor, una hembra de 7 años de edad con un lipoma axilar, era un portador crónico. Cuatro neoplasias eran masas bien delimitadas mientras que el carcinoma de células escamosas digital era aprehensión. Esta baja incidencia de neoplasias cutánea en la marmota (0,8%) es semejante a la descrita en otros roedores de laboratorio.  相似文献