Response of Corriedale and Crioula Lanada Sheep to Artificial Primary Infection with Haemonchus Contortus     

Bricarello PA  Gennari SM  Oliveira-Sequeira TC  Vaz CM  Gonçalves de Gonçalves I  Echevarria FA 《Veterinary research communications》2002,26(6):447-457

Clinical, parasitological and biochemical parameters were evaluated in Corriedale and Crioula Lanada sheep after a single experimental infection with Haemonchus contortus. Ten 4-month-old worm-free lambs, of each breed, were infected with 200 L₃ H. contortus per kg live weight and four uninfected animals of each breed were used as controls. Every week, the animals were weighed and blood and faecal samples were collected for measurement of packed cell volume (PCV), total serum protein (TSP) and albumin (ALB), and the number of eggs per gram of faeces (EPG), respectively. Twelve weeks after infection, the animals were slaughtered. The worm burden was determined and samples of the abomasal mucosa were processed for determination of the number of eosinophils, mast cells and globule leukocytes. No significant differences in PCV, TSP, ALB, parasite burden or the cell populations of the abomasal mucosa were observed between breeds, but Crioula lambs had a lower EPG count. The comparison of the infected groups with their respective controls revealed significant alterations in PCV, TSP and ALB in the Corriedale lambs and in PCV, TSP, ALB and the density of eosinophils and mast cells in the Crioula lambs.  相似文献   

Towards the first linkage map of the<Emphasis Type="Italic">Didymella rabiei</Emphasis> genome     

J.?LichtenzveigEmail author  P.?Winter  S.?Abbo  D.?Shtienberg  W.?J.?Kaiser  G.?Kahl 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(5):467-472

A genetic map was developed for the ascomyceteDidymella rabiei (Kovachevski) v. Arx (anamorph:Ascochyta rabiei Pass. Labr.), the causal agent of Ascochyta blight in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The map was generated with 77 F₁ progeny derived from crossing an isolate from the U.S.A. and an isolate from Syria. A total of 232 DAF (DNA Amplification Fingerprinting) primers and 37 STMS (Sequence-Tagged Microsatellite Site) primer pairs were tested for polymorphism between the parental isolates; 50 markers were mapped, 36 DAFs and 14 STMSs. These markers cover 261.4cM in ten linkage groups. Nineteen markers remained unlinked. Significant deviation from the expected 1:1 segregation ratios was observed for only two markers (Prob. of χ²<0.05). The implications of our results on ploidy level of the asexual spores are discussed. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 5, 2002.  相似文献   

Three<Emphasis Type="Italic">Orobanche</Emphasis> species newly found on crops in israel     

Daniel?M.?JoelEmail author  Hanan?Eisenberg 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(2):187-190

Orobanche amethystea Thuill.,O. loricata Reichenb. andO. pubescens D’Urv. were found to parasitize the roots of cultivated plants in Israel.Orobanche pubescens is known from the local flora, and was now found to cause damage in parsley fields and toTropaeolum majus L. (nasturtium) in ornamental gardens.Orobanche amethystea andO. loricata are known as occasional weeds in Europe and were recently found for the first time in Israel.Orobanche amethystea densely populated vetch fields in Israel, andO. loricata was found in ornamental gardens. A key for the identification ofOrobanche species in cultivated areas in Israel is given, based on morphological features. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 13, 2002.  相似文献   

Induced resistance in cotton seedlings against fusarium wilt by dried biomass of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Penicillium chrysogenum</Emphasis> and its water extract     

Hezhong?Dong  Yigal?CohenEmail author 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(1):77-87

Dry mycelium (DM) of killedPenicillium chrysogenum and its water extract (DME) were used to induce resistance in cotton plants againstFusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum (Fov). Results showed that the efficacy of either DM or DME in controlling the disease depends on both the concentration and the mode of application. DM amended to the soil at 0.25–2% (w/w) provided 32–75% protection againstFov. Soil drench with 2–5% DME (w/v) and pre-sowing seed soakage with 5–10% DME provided 51–77% and 28–35% protection against the wilt disease, respectively, whereas no protection was obtained with foliar sprays of 1–10% DME. DM and its water extract had no direct antifungal activity on growth ofFov in vitro, suggesting that disease control with DM or DME resulted from the induction of natural defense mechanisms in the cotton plants. Soil drench with 5% DME was as effective as 2% DM powder in inducing resistance againstFov, implying that the resistance-inducing substances were mostly water-soluble. Four cotton cultivars with various genetic resistance levels againstFov were tested at the seedling stage: two resistant ‘Pima’ cultivars and two susceptible ‘Acala’ cultivars. The level of protection achieved in the two susceptible cultivars with DME was equal to, or higher than, that of the two resistant cultivars treated with water. Innate and induced peroxidase activity in cotyledons or hypocotyls and roots coincided with the level of genetic resistance and DME-induced resistance, respectively. Based on our results, an integrated control strategy ofFov with both genetic resistance and induced resistance is suggested.  相似文献   

Brucellosis in Brazil     

Poester FP  Gonçalves VS  Lage AP 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,90(1-4):55-62

This paper reviews the epidemiology of bovine, swine, ovine, caprine, and canine brucellosis in Brazil. The zoonotic aspects of Brucella infection in Brazil is also discussed. Emphasis is given to the new program for the control of brucellosis in cattle and buffaloes that is likely to provide important insights into the prospects and strategies for controlling brucellosis in developing countries.  相似文献   

Effect of seasonal conditions on oestrus occurrence and postpartum period in Anatolian water buffaloes     

Aksoy M  Kaya A  Uçar M  Lehimcioglu N  Tekeli T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,109(9):416-418

Oestrus and calving records of Anatolian buffaloes were analyzed to investigate influence of climatic conditions on oestrus occurrence and postpartum period. Oestrus records showed a seasonal pattern concentrated between July and September which is the warmest period of the year. Likewise, more than half (52.7%) of the total calvings occurred between May and August. Month of calving significantly influenced the length of calving to first oestrus interval and open period (P < 0.01). The average length of open period was significantly shorter in autumn and summer calvers compared to those calved in spring and winter (P < 0.05) during long days. The humidity rate was negatively correlated with both calving to first oestrus interval and open period (P < 0.05). In conclusion, exposure to high environmental temperatures around 20 degrees C exerted no suppressive influence on ovarian activity in Anatolian buffaloes. Although humidity rate (P < 0.05) and ambient temperature (P < 0.01) was found to be correlated with the duration of postpartum period, day length might be the main factor regulating reproductive biorhythm and postpartum events in Anatolian buffalo cows.  相似文献   

Note: Pyrethroid resistance and possible involvement of glutathione<Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>-transferases in<Emphasis Type="Italic">Helicoverpa armigera</Emphasis> from Turkey     

Sakine Ugurlu  Metin Konus  Belgin Isgor  Mesude Iscan 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(1):23-26

An introductory study was conducted to investigate the pyrethroid resistance ofHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) strains in Turkey, collected from cotton fields in the Adana and Antalya provinces, through two different synthetic pyrethroid insecticides: lambda-cyhalothrin and esfenvalerate. In addition, the roles of glutathioneS-transferases (GSTs) in this resistance mechanism were analyzed. It was found that whereas resistance ratios for lambda-cyhalothrin (LD₅₀ levels) were 3- and 98-fold increased in the Adana and Antalya strains, respectively, esfenvalerate ratios were 3.3- and 92.3-fold increased in the Adana and Antalya strains, respectively, with respect to the susceptible strain. Furthermore, Adana and Antalya strains showed 2.4- and 2.9-fold higher GST activities than the susceptible strain, respectively. In the Antalya field strain, the minor increase in GST activity compared with the resistance levels implies that GSTs may be not greatly involved in this resistance. It also provides evidence that they could not be the only metabolic mechanism responsible for resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin and esfenvalerate inH. armigera from Turkey. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 16, 2006.  相似文献   

Transmission of the Bunchy Top Disease of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) by the Leaf Hopper Empoasca papayae Oman     

Seín F  Adsuar J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1947,106(2745):130-131

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Movement asymmetries in horses presented for prepurchase or lameness examination     

Aagje M. Hardeman  Agneta Egenvall  Filipe M. Serra Bragança  Marc H. W. Koene  Jan-Hein Swagemakers  Lars Roepstorff  Rene van Weeren  Anna Byström 《Equine veterinary journal》2022,54(2):334-346

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Estimating the production losses due to cystic echinococcosis in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Turkey     

Sarıözkan  Savaş  Küçükoflaz  Mehmet 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):203-208

Veterinary Research Communications - The current study aimed at estimating the direct (condemned offal) and indirect (meat, milk, and fecundity losses) production losses due to cystic...  相似文献