'A singular optical phenomenon.'     

Hastings CS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1884,3(64):501-502

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Mathematics and biology. A bright future for biologists and mathematicians?     

Hastings A  Palmer MA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5615):2003-2004

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Reservations about dam findings     

Bain DJ  Smith SM  Nagle GN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5891):910; author reply 910-910; author reply 912

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Light to Hide by: Ventral Luminescence to Camouflage the Silhouette     

Hastings JW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,173(4001):1016-1017

The so-called pony fish of the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific region can emit light from a broad area of its ventral surface. An experimental analysis of this luminescent system supports the hypothesis that it functions by emitting light during the daytime, which matches the background light and thereby obscures the silhouette of the animal.  相似文献   

Identifying autism loci and genes by tracing recent shared ancestry   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Morrow EM  Yoo SY  Flavell SW  Kim TK  Lin Y  Hill RS  Mukaddes NM  Balkhy S  Gascon G  Hashmi A  Al-Saad S  Ware J  Joseph RM  Greenblatt R  Gleason D  Ertelt JA  Apse KA  Bodell A  Partlow JN  Barry B  Yao H  Markianos K  Ferland RJ  Greenberg ME  Walsh CA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5886):218-223

To find inherited causes of autism-spectrum disorders, we studied families in which parents share ancestors, enhancing the role of inherited factors. We mapped several loci, some containing large, inherited, homozygous deletions that are likely mutations. The largest deletions implicated genes, including PCDH10 (protocadherin 10) and DIA1 (deleted in autism1, or c3orf58), whose level of expression changes in response to neuronal activity, a marker of genes involved in synaptic changes that underlie learning. A subset of genes, including NHE9 (Na+/H+ exchanger 9), showed additional potential mutations in patients with unrelated parents. Our findings highlight the utility of "homozygosity mapping" in heterogeneous disorders like autism but also suggest that defective regulation of gene expression after neural activity may be a mechanism common to seemingly diverse autism mutations.  相似文献   

Medicine. The future of personal genomics     

McGuire AL  Cho MK  McGuire SE  Caulfield T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5845):1687

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Conservation and rewiring of functional modules revealed by an epistasis map in fission yeast     

Roguev A  Bandyopadhyay S  Zofall M  Zhang K  Fischer T  Collins SR  Qu H  Shales M  Park HO  Hayles J  Hoe KL  Kim DU  Ideker T  Grewal SI  Weissman JS  Krogan NJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5900):405-410

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Direct measurement of the reaction front in chemically amplified photoresists     

Lin EK  Soles CL  Goldfarb DL  Trinque BC  Burns SD  Jones RL  Lenhart JL  Angelopoulos M  Willson CG  Satija SK  Wu WL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5580):372-375

The continuing drive by the semiconductor industry to fabricate smaller structures using photolithography will soon require dimensional control at length scales comparable to the size of the polymeric molecules in the materials used to pattern them. The current technology, chemically amplified photoresists, uses a complex reaction-diffusion process to delineate patterned areas with high spatial resolution. However, nanometer-level control of this critical process is limited by the lack of direct measurements of the reaction front. We demonstrate the use of x-ray and neutron reflectometry as a general method to measure the spatial evolution of the reaction-diffusion process with nanometer resolution. Measuring compositional profiles, provided by deuterium-labeled reactant groups for neutron scattering contrast, we show that the reaction front within the material is broad rather than sharply defined and the compositional profile is altered during development. Measuring the density profile, we directly correlate the developed film structure with that of the reaction front.  相似文献   

Crystal structure of a self-spliced group II intron     

Toor N  Keating KS  Taylor SD  Pyle AM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5872):77-82

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Radioactive elements on Mercury's surface from MESSENGER: implications for the planet's formation and evolution     

Peplowski PN  Evans LG  Hauck SA  McCoy TJ  Boynton WV  Gillis-Davis JJ  Ebel DS  Goldsten JO  Hamara DK  Lawrence DJ  McNutt RL  Nittler LR  Solomon SC  Rhodes EA  Sprague AL  Starr RD  Stockstill-Cahill KR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6051):1850-1852

The MESSENGER Gamma-Ray Spectrometer measured the average surface abundances of the radioactive elements potassium (K, 1150 ± 220 parts per million), thorium (Th, 220 ± 60 parts per billion), and uranium (U, 90 ± 20 parts per billion) in Mercury's northern hemisphere. The abundance of the moderately volatile element K, relative to Th and U, is inconsistent with physical models for the formation of Mercury requiring extreme heating of the planet or its precursor materials, and supports formation from volatile-containing material comparable to chondritic meteorites. Abundances of K, Th, and U indicate that internal heat production has declined substantially since Mercury's formation, consistent with widespread volcanism shortly after the end of late heavy bombardment 3.8 billion years ago and limited, isolated volcanic activity since.  相似文献