'For want of a joint the horse was lost...'.     

J R Pascoe 《Equine veterinary journal》1992,24(6):412-414

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Microvascular permeability changes in ischemia/reperfusion injury in the ascending colon of horses.     

D D Henninger  J R Snyder  J R Pascoe  G W Dilling 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(8):1191-1196

The normal microvascular permeability of the ascending colon in horses and the microvascular permeability of that segment after ischemia and reperfusion were investigated. Microvascular permeability was estimated by the ratio of lymphatic protein to plasma protein concentration (Cl/Cp) at high lymph flow rates in 8 adult horses in 2 equal groups: normal and ischemic (2-hour period). Lymphatic flow rates and lymph and plasma protein concentrations were determined. Intestinal biopsy specimens were obtained at the end of each experiment. Flow independent values were selected and compared by one-way ANOVA, and the mean and SEM of these values were determined. The mean Cl/Cp ratios for the flow independent part of each data set were as follows: normal = 0.36 +/- 0.08; ischemic = 0.70 +/- 0.08. These groups were significantly different (P < or = 0.0001). Microscopic evaluation revealed mild congestion and edema in the normal group. The ischemic group had mild to moderate mucosal degeneration, with moderate to severe congestion and edema. We concluded that ischemia of the ascending colon, when followed by reperfusion, results in a significant increase in microvascular permeability.  相似文献   

A computer-derived protocol to aid in selecting medical versus surgical treatment of horses with abdominal pain     

N G Ducharme  P J Pascoe  J H Lumsden  G R Ducharme 《Equine veterinary journal》1989,21(6):447-450

In order to determine which variables are useful in identifying horses with abdominal pain requiring surgery, data were analysed from 219 horses presented at one veterinary teaching hospital. Using multiple stepwise discriminant analysis with a recursive partitioning algorithm, we obtained a decision tree that identifies surgical and non-surgical patients. The prevalence of surgical patients was 79 per cent in this population. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of this decision tree were 99 per cent, 55 per cent, 90 per cent and 99 per cent respectively. Compared to the clinical decision, this decision tree yielded more false positives (11 per cent) but almost eliminated false negatives (1 per cent). This decision tree was validated by the jack-knife method and also by evaluation using a new sample in a second veterinary teaching hospital in which the prevalence of surgical patients was 55 per cent. This led to sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of 93 per cent, 73 per cent, 81 per cent and 89 per cent respectively.  相似文献   

Atypical interstitial pneumonia     

R R Pascoe  M D McGavin 《The Veterinary record》1969,85(14):376-377

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Outcomes and complications associated with ventral screws, pins, and polymethyl methacrylate for atlantoaxial instability in 12 dogs     

Sanders SG  Bagley RS  Silver GM  Moore M  Tucker RL 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2004,40(3):204-210

Clinical outcomes and complications of a technique used for atlantoaxial stabilization were evaluated in a group of 12 dogs. At surgery, the atlantoaxial joint was realigned and rigidly fixated using cortical bone screws, K-wire, and polymethyl methacrylate. Results in nine dogs were graded as excellent. Results in two dogs were judged as good. One dog was euthanized 17 months after surgery for recurrent cervical pain. Eight dogs had no postoperative complications. The surgical technique described provided an adaptable method for the correction of atlantoaxial instability.  相似文献   

Owner experiences and complications with home use of a replacement low profile gastrostomy device for long-term enteral feeding in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Yoshimoto SK  Marks SL  Struble AL  Riel DL 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(2):144-150

The purpose of this study was to evaluate complications and owner impressions of a low profile gastrostomy device (LPGD) for enteral feeding in dogs. Medical records of dogs that had placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube followed by a LPGD between 1995 and 2003 were reviewed. Fifteen dogs had 29 devices placed for a variety of disease states in which enteral nutritional support was indicated. The individual tubes were placed for a median duration of 212 d. Most complications occurred more than 15 d after placement and were of no health risk to the animals. The most common reason for LPGD replacement was leakage through the 1-way antireflux valve. Fourteen of 15 owners that were contacted were supportive of the device. Based on its durability, ease of placement, minor complications, and positive owner impressions, we conclude that the LPGD is a valuable device for long-term enteral nutritional support of dogs.  相似文献   

The veterinary profession's role in policing animal welfare     

Whiting TL  Brennan SC  Wruck GC 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(11):1065-1072

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Chocolate is a powerful ex vivo and in vivo antioxidant, an antiatherosclerotic agent in an animal model, and a significant contributor to antioxidants in the European and American Diets     

Vinson JA  Proch J  Bose P  Muchler S  Taffera P  Shuta D  Samman N  Agbor GA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(21):8071-8076

Chocolate today is often viewed as a food or snack with little nutritional value. The high saturated fat content of chocolate has also contributed to the belief that its consumption increases the risk of heart disease. However, recent human studies have proven that chocolate has beneficial effects on some pathogenic mechanisms of heart disease such as endothelial function and blood pressure. Although the antioxidant properties of chocolate have been known for some time, there has been no examination of its place in the U.S. diet as a source of antioxidants. This paper demonstrates that chocolate makes a significant contribution to U.S. per capita dietary antioxidants and by inference the European Community's. In the U.S. diet chocolate is the third highest daily per capita antioxidant source. An ex vivo study shows that epicatechin, a major polyphenol in chocolate and chocolate extracts, is a powerful inhibitor of plasma lipid oxidation due to polyphenols' ability to bind to lower density lipoproteins. Conversely, the fat from chocolate alone is a pro-oxidant in this model. This is also demonstrated in an in vivo human study. After consumption of dark chocolate and cocoa powder, the lower density lipoproteins isolated from plasma were protected from oxidation compared to the lipoproteins isolated after cocoa butter consumption, which were put under oxidative stress. In an animal model of atherosclerosis, cocoa powder at a human dose equivalent of two dark chocolate bars per day significantly inhibited atherosclerosis, lowered cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides, raised high-density lipoprotein, and protected the lower density lipoproteins from oxidation. Chocolate has thus been shown to have potential beneficial effects with respect to heart disease.  相似文献   

Trade in wild birds     

Wensley S 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(9):292

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Complications and outcomes of one-step low-profile gastrostomy devices for long-term enteral feeding in dogs and cats     

Campbell SJ  Marks SL  Yoshimoto SK  Riel DL  Fascetti AJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2006,42(3):197-206

Sixteen dogs and cats with a variety of primary diseases were retrospectively evaluated following endoscopic placement of a one-step low-profile gastrostomy device. Overall, the devices were well tolerated, with most complications being minor in nature. Complications included bloody or purulent peristomal discharge, peristomal swelling, peristomal inflammation, discomfort associated with the device, leaking through the device, chewing at the device, premature removal of the device, peritonitis, and aspiration pneumonia. Dogs survived for up to 2241 days, and cats survived for up to 593 days after initial device placement. The median survival time after device insertion for dogs was 89 days, and for cats it was 87 days.  相似文献