COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HYDROPIC DEGENERATION OF THE LIVER IN DAIRY CATTLE THROUGH BIOCHEMISTRY, ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL ANALYSIS     

Jezie A.  Acorda  DVM  Magr  Haruo  Yamada  DVM  DVSc  Seyed Mehdi  Ghamsari  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(4):322-326

Ultrasonography of the liver of 181 Holstein-Friesian cows was performed and blood samples were collected for analysis. The hepatic ultrasonograms were evaluated and the echoes were analyzed digitally. After slaughter, liver specimens were taken and examined histopathologically. Of the 181 animals, 120 had a normal liver and 61 had hydropic degeneration of the liver, diagnosed through histopathologic examination. Diagnostic accuracy rates for hydropic degeneration were determined based on the following test positive conditions: a) for biochemical analysis—high levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin and non-esterified fatty acids; b) for ultrasonography—presence of dark pattern and blurring of edges; and c) for digital analysis—low echo means at 1 cm and 3 cm from the hepatic surface. Digital analysis had the highest overall specificity, accuracy and positive predictive values for hydropic degeneration, followed by ultrasonography. The results suggest that ultrasonography and digital analysis of hepatic ultrasonograms can be used for diagnosis of hydropic degeneration of the liver in place of biochemical analysis.  相似文献   

EVALUATION OF FATTY INFILTRATION OF THE LIVER IN DAIRY CATTLE THROUGH DIGITAL ANALYSIS OF HEPATIC ULTRASONOGRAMS     

Jezie A.  Acorda  DVM  MAgr  Haruo  Yamada  DVM  DVSc  Seyed Mehdi  Ghamsari  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1994,35(2):120-123

Ultrasonography of the liver of 49 Holstein-Friesian cows was performed, liver specimens were taken, examined microscopically and the fatty occupying rate (FOR) was calculated. Echoes from the hepatic B-mode ultrasonograms were quantified as histogram mean (Emean) and histogram mode (Emode) of echo amplitudes within various areas at a depth of 1–9 cm from the hepatic surface. Of the 49 animals, 26 had a normal liver and 23 had fatty infiltration of the liver, diagnosed through histopathological examination. Fatty occupying rate ranged from 1.7 to 64.5%, with 11 animals having 1–15% FOR (mild fatty infiltration), 6 having 15.1–30% FOR (moderate fatty infiltration) and 6 having > 30% FOR (severe fatty infiltration). At 1 cm, severe fatty infiltration had higher Emean and Emode than normal liver (p < 0.05). At 7 cm and 9 cm, moderate and severe fatty infiltration had lower Emeans and Emodes than normal liver (p < 0.001). The results suggest that digital analysis of hepatic ultrasonogram can be useful in the evaluation of the degree of fatty infiltration of the liver in dairy cattle.  相似文献   

Monitoring of bovine health problems of small dairy herds in islamabad capital territory: Design,data and disease frequencies     

Saeed Akhtar  Shuja Ali 《Tropical animal health and production》1994,26(4):193-198

Summary A pilot health monitoring system was started in 1990 to develop statistically valid data for use in estimating the disease frequencies in dairy cattle and buffaloes. This paper presents the design of the monitoring programme and frequencies of selected diseases. Eighty herds were selected with typical livestock management practices of the farmers in the area. Veterinary assistants visited the farms once a month for 12 months to collect livestock inventory, production, disease and preventive treatment data. The incidence density method was used as a measure of disease frequency.In adults, breeding problems, mastitis and gastro-intestinal problems were the highest reported conditions. Respiratory problems were the commonest in young stock. The calves of both species frequently had gastro-intestinal and respiratory disease conditions. Most of the calf crop of both species were lost within the first 3 months of life.

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Monitoreo De Problemas De Salud Bovina En Hatos Lecheros Pequenos En El Territorio Capital De Islamabad

Resumen Se inició un sistema de monitoreo piloto en 1990, con el propósito de desarrollar datos estadísticos válidos para estimar la frecuencia de enfermedades en ganado lechero y en búfalos. Este artículo presenta el diseño del programa de monitoreo y la frecuencia de las enfermedades seleccionadas. Se seleccionaron ochenta hatos con el manejo típico de los ganaderos del área. Los veterinarios visitaron las fincas una vez al mes durante 12 meses para colectar información. El método de densidad en la incidencia fue usado para medir la frecuencia de enfermedades.En adultos, las condiciones más frecuentemente encontradas fueron problemas de fertilidad, mastitis y problemas gastrointestinales. Las afecciones respiratorias fueron el común denominador en jóvenes. Los terneros de ambas especies se encontraron frecuentemente con problemas gastrointestinales y respiratorios, conjuntamente, siendo la mortalidad extremadamente alta en los 3 primeros meses de vida para ambas especies.

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Gestion Des Problemes De Sante Bovine De Petits Troupeaux Laitiers Sur Le Territoire De Islamabad: Schema, Donnees Et Frequences De La Maladie

Résumé Un système pilote de gestion de la santé a débuté en 1990 pour développer des données statistiquement valables pour être utilisées dans l'estimation de la fréquence des maladies de bovins laitiers et de buffles. Cet article présente le schéma du programme de gestion et les fréquences des maladies sélectionnées. Quatre vingt troupeaux ont été choisis; leur élevage était conduit selon la méthode propre aux fermiers de la région. Des assistants vétérinaires ont visité les fermes une fois par mois durant 12 mois pour relever les données sur l'inventaire du bétail, la production, les maladies et les traitements préventifs. L'importance de l'incidence a été utilisée comme méthode pour mesurer la fréquence des maladies. Chez les adultes, les problèmes prédominants dans les conditions indiquées concernaient la reproduction, les mammites et des troubles gastrointestinaux. Les problèmes respiratoires étaient les plus communs chez le jeune bétail. Les veaux des deux espèces présentaient fréquemment des troubles respiratoires et gastrointestinaux. La majorité de la production de veaux des deux espèces étaient perdue dans les trois premiers mois de vie.

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Zoonotic risk of Toxocara canis infection through consumption of pig or poultry viscera   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Taira K  Saeed I  Permin A  Kapel CM 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,121(1-2):115-124

The potential zoonotic risk of Toxocara canis infections from consumption of swine or poultry viscera containing larvae was assessed using a pig model. Two groups of six pigs were fed either fresh swine viscera (group FS) or poultry viscera (FP) containing around 3500 Toxocara larvae. Another two groups of six pigs were fed swine viscera (PS) or poultry viscera (PP) preserved at 4 degrees C for 1 week. All pigs were necropsied 14 days after the exposure. Liver white spots were counted and T. canis specific IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA. Larval burdens were assessed in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, brain, tongue, and eyes. All recipient pigs exhibited several white spots on the liver surface and detectable antibody levels. Larvae were recovered predominantly from the lungs, but also from the mesenteric lymph nodes and the liver, a few larvae were found in the brain and tongue of the pigs. Two larvae were found in the eyes of two pigs in group FS. Mean percentages of total larval recoveries in groups FS, FP, PS, and PP were 75.3, 63.6, 42.6, and 18.8%, respectively. Significantly higher numbers of larvae were recovered from pigs given swine viscera than pigs given poultry viscera. The preservation at 4 degrees C for 1 week caused a significant reduction in the larval infectivity overall, nevertheless, the recoveries remained substantial. The fact that larvae migrating in swine or poultry organs and tissues have high infectivity in pigs even after preservation at 4 degrees C for 1 week, suggests that human infection with T. canis might easily occur following consumption of raw or undercooked dishes, either fresh or refrigerated, prepared from swine or poultry organs and tissues harbouring T. canis larvae.  相似文献   

Effects of different temperatures and duration on germination of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) seeds     

Seyed Saeid Hojjat  Merudjan Galstayan 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2012,38(2):101-105

The aim of this study was to seek optimum seed germination temperature of Lentil seeds. Germination tests were conducted for twenty-four genotypes with 3 replicates in a completely randomized design, were conducted to investigate germination behavior of lentil seeds subjected to six different heat temperatures (39, 46, 54, 61, 68 and 75°F) and duration on germination. The experiment results revealed that different temperature treatments were effective on mean germination percentage and suggested that there is relationship between the temperature treatment and germination rate. The mean germination was obtained for 39, 46, 54, 61, 68 and 75°F, 0.945, 1.590, 1.864, 2.305, 2.840 and 2.573 respectively. The experiment revealed that the different temperature treatments were effective on mean germination percentage and seeds germinated faster at higher constant temperatures and optimum germination occurred at 68°F.  相似文献   

Experimental caprine coccidiosis caused by Eimeria arloingi: Morphopathologic and electron microscopic studies     

Hashemnia M  Khodakaram-Tafti A  Razavi SM  Nazifi S 《Veterinary research communications》2012,36(1):47-55

The progressive morphohistopathologic changes, distribution pattern of lesions and ultrastructural characteristics in Eimeria arloingi infection were investigated in experimentally infected kids. The 18 newborn animals allocated to 3 equal groups. Two of groups, A, B were inoculated with a single dose of 1 × 10³ and1 × 10⁵ sporulated oocysts of E. arloingi, respectively. At 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days postinoculation (DPI), 1 kid from each group was necropsied for pathologic and ultrastructural studies. Progressive lesions were present at 21, 28, 35 and 42 DPI in the jejunum, ileum, cecum with fewer in the duodenum and proximal colon. The oocysts shedding begin between 16 to 18 DPI. Grossly, minimal changes were observed at 21 DPI as few whitish plaques or nodules and advanced lesions at 42 DPI as pseudoadenomatous pattern in the mucosa and a cerebriform pattern on the serosal surface of jejunum and ileum. Early histopathologic lesions due to schizogony phase were including presence of intracytoplasmic developmental stages of the parasite such as trophozoites, immature to mature schizonts and mild infiltration of inflammatory cells. In late lesions due to various stages of gametogony, the histological pattern was mainly remarkable hyperplasia of the villi and crypts epithelial cells, eventually developed into papillary projections of reactive epithelium. The mesenteric lymph nodes showed a few numbers of large schizonts in the cortical lacteals. This study showed E. arloingi as a highly pathogenic species for kids, the incubation period was 16–18 days and the main target organ was jejunum with characteristic morphohistopathologic lesions.  相似文献   

Prevalence and tissue distribution of Besnoitia darlingi cysts in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) in Michigan     

Elsheikha HM  Mansfield LS  Fitzgerald SD  Saeed MA 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,115(4):321-327

Specimens of Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) in Michigan were examined over 1 year to document the presence of Besnoitia darlingi cysts. Cyst morphology, prevalence, seasonal variation, and tissue sites of isolation were studied. Histology and ultrastructural features of the detected cysts and bradyzoites were consistent with B. darlingi. In the opossums, B. darlingi had intracellular tissue cysts. Tissue cysts had a mean diameter of 560 microm and were separated from the host tissue by a thick (5-20 microm) cyst wall. Overall prevalence of B. darlingi cysts in opossums was 10.9% (15/137). Variations in the prevalence were detected during spring (3/17; 17.6%), summer (10/34; 29.4%), and fall (2/60; 3.3%). No cysts were detected in the specimens examined during winter (0/26; 0%). Numerous B. darlingi cysts were detected in ears, conjunctiva, tongue, abdominal muscles, diaphragm, stomach, heart, liver, kidney, lung, and spleen. Cysts were detected mainly in adult female opossums that were debilitated. Ear was the most frequent organ from which the cysts were reported (10/15; 66.7%) when compared individually with other body tissues (P<0.05).  相似文献   

Aberrant Promoter Methylation Profile of Niemann-Pick Type C1 Gene in Cardiovascular Disease     

Masoumeh Afzali  Alireza Nakhaee  Seyed Payman Tabatabaei  Kourosh Tirgar-Fakheri  Mohammad Hashemi 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2013,17(2):77-83

Background: The protein of Niemann-pick type C1 (NPC1) gene promotes the egress of cholesterol from late endosomes and lysosomes to other cellular compartments and contributes to a process known as reverse cholesterol transport. This study aimed to examine whether promoter methylation of NPC1 is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Fifty CVD patients and 50 healthy subjects as the control group were recruited in this study. Promoter methylation of NPC1 gene was defined using a nested-methylation specific polymerase chain reaction method. Statistical analyses were done using the chi-square, t-test or ANOVA tests. Results: Our study showed that the frequency of semi-methylated promoter (methylated/unmethylated status) was significantly higher in CVD patients than that in controls (OR = 6.521, 95% CI = 2.211-19.215, P = 0.008). However, a completely methylated promoter (methylated/methylated status) was not detected in any subjects in either of the two groups tested. Additionally, the analysis of clinical data according to the methylation status of NPC1 gene demonstrated that serum levels of total cholesterol, total triglycerides, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are influenced by NPC1 methylation, so that subjects with a completely unmethylated promoter (Unmethylated/unmethylated status) held lower levels of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C and higher levels of HDL-C. Conclusion: Our findings propose that the NPC1 promoter methylation is a probable mechanism that can result in reduced/impaired NPC1 expression/activity and may thus contribute to progression of CVD. Key Words: Niemann-pick type C1 (NPC1), Promoter methylation, cardiovascular disease  相似文献   

The effect of carbon black nanoparticles on some properties of air plasma printed cotton/polyamide 6 fabrics     

Mohammad Khajeh Mehrizi  Sayed Majid Mortazavi  Shadpour Mallakpour  Seyed Mansour Bidoki  Michel Vik  Martina Vikova 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(10):1620-1626

In this study, cotton/nylon blended fabrics were treated with atmospheric air plasma at various times (30–60 s) and were subsequently printed with pastes containing carbon black nanoparticles. Properties of plasma treated fabrics such as visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance, water contact angle, air permeability, and color fastness were measured. It was shown that increasing plasma treatment time decreases reflection level of treated fabrics in Vis-NIR region. Plasma treatment also enhanced the hydrophobicity of cotton/nylon fabrics observed by an increase in water contact angle. Plasma treated samples for 60 s demonstrated lower air permeability than those treated for 30 s. Furthermore, printed samples possessed acceptable levels of fastness against washing, light and crocking.  相似文献   

Investigation of salinity impacts on germination and growth of two forest tree species at seedling stage     

Seyed Mohammad Hosseini Nasr  Sekineh Kiani Savadkoohi  Elahe Ahmadi 《林业研究》2013,24(4):703-708

Soil salinity is becoming an increasingly serious constraint to plant growth in many parts of the world;this is particularly common in semi-arid and arid zones. This study was conducted to evaluate the...  相似文献