日粮精粗比、能量和酵母培养物添补对体外干物质降解的影响     

谭支良  M.A.Shah  M.R.Murphy 《动物营养学报》2004,16(3):26-32

本试验采集泌乳期奶牛的瘤胃液,按2×4×2因子设计,用体外尼龙袋发酵技术研究了60:40和50:50两种精粗比日粮,棉籽油作为能源在奶牛日粮中分别添补0%、2.5%、5%、10%和在日粮中分别添加0%、0.5%的酵母培养物及其互作对体外干物质降解率的影响。体外实验结果表明,对于高产泌乳期奶牛而言,精粗比为60:40的奶牛日粮其干物质降解率高于50:50的精粗比日粮;奶牛日粮中添补植物油和酵母培养物均能显著提高体外干物质降解率(P<0.05);日粮精粗比与能量的互作对6小时的干物质降解率有显著影响(P<0.01);日粮能量添补与酵母培养物添补亦对体外干物质降解率有显著互作影响(P<0.05);而日粮精粗比与酵母培养物添补的互作影响则不明显;植物油作为奶牛日粮能源其添补量不宜超过10%。  相似文献   

Relationship of Phosphorus Fractions with Soil Properties in Mothbean Growing Acid Soils of North Western Indian Himalayas     

Tajamul Islam Shah  A.P. Rai  Aziz M.a 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(9):1192-1198

Phosphorus (P) availability in acid soils is affected and hence it is important to monitor the distribution of P in acid soils. Here, the relationship was investigated taking 81 surface (0–0.20 m) soil samples into consideration collected from 21 mothbean cultivated areas and were analyzed for different phosphorus fractions in relation to their physical and chemical properties. Results revealed that available P ranged from 8.19 to 15.46 kg ha^–1 which lies in a slightly low-to-medium range. Available P was significantly positively correlated with organic carbon and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The content of soil total P increased significantly with organic carbon and was found in range between 201.00 and 596.11 mg kg^–1 which was in suffice category. Various phosphorus fractions under study viz., Al–P, Fe–P and Ca–P ranged between 20.23–32.28, 34.80–51.44 and 8.57–15.00 mg kg^?1, respectively. Among the various P fractions, organic carbon was positively correlated with Fe–P and Ca–P.  相似文献   

NDVI-Based Lacunarity Texture for Improving Identification of Torreya Using Object-Oriented Method   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HAN Ning  WU Jing  Amir Reza Shah Tahmassebi  XU Hong-wei  WANG Ke 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2011,10(9):1431-1444

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a very useful feature for differentiating vegetation and non-vegetation in remote sensed imagery. In the light of the function of NDVI and the spatial patterns of the vegetation landscapes, we proposed the lacunarity texture derived from NDVI to characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation landscapes concerning the “gappiness” or “emptiness” characteristics. The NDVI-based lacunarity texture was incorporated into object-oriented classification for improving the identification of vegetation categories, especially Torreya which was the targeted tree species in the present research. A three-level hierarchical network of image objects was defined and the proposed texture was integrated as potential sources of information in the rules base. A knowledge base of rules created by classifier C5.0 indicated that the texture could potentially be applied in object-oriented classification. It was found that the addition of such texture improved the identification of every vegetation category. The results demonstrated that the texture could characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation structures, which could be a promising approach for vegetation identification.  相似文献   

Natural occurrence of phytoplasma associated with chickpea phyllody disease in Pakistan – a new record     

K. P. Akhtar  T. M. Shah  B. M. Atta  M. Dickinson  F. F. Jamil  M. A. Haq  S. Hameed  M. J. Iqbal 《Plant pathology》2008,57(4):771-771

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Temperature Dependent Seed Transmission of Stagonospora nodorum in Wheat     

Denis A. Shah  Gary C. Bergstrom 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(9):837-842

The transmission of Stagonospora nodorum from four naturally infected winter wheat seedlots was quantified in controlled environment germination chambers at 9, 13, 17, 21, and 25 °C. Seedlings were harvested when the second leaf began to emerge. Coleoptiles and first seedling leaves were examined for the presence of lesions caused by S. nodorum. First leaves were incubated on Bannon's medium for 2 weeks, after which they were examined for pycnidia of S. nodorum. Transmission to the coleoptile occurred at all temperatures, but decreased from 100% to 72% as temperature increased from 9 to 25 °C. Transmission to the first leaf was less, dropping from 37% to 2% as temperature increased from 9 to 25 °C. At least 44% of infected first leaves were symptomless at all temperatures, with 96% of infected leaves showing no symptoms at 25 °C. Transmission to seedling leaves occurred over a broad temperature range. Under the high densities at which wheat is sown, a significant number of infected seedlings per unit area may originate from relatively low initial seed infection levels and transmission efficiencies.  相似文献   

Kinetics of Chromium Ion Removal from Tannery Wastes Using Amberlite IRA-400 Cl− and its Hybrids     

Syed Mustafa  Tauqeer Ahmad  Abdul Naeem  Khizar Hussain Shah  Muhammad Waseem 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,210(1-4):43-50

A strong base anion exchange resin Amberlite IRA-400 Cl^? and its hybrids with Mn(OH)₂ and Cu(OH)₂ are used for the removal of chromium from the synthetic spent tannery bath. The recovery is examined by varying the experimental conditions, viz., resin dosage, stirring speed, and temperature. The rate of chromium removal by Amberlite IRA-400 Cl^? increased almost four times when the resin dosage was increased from 0.2 to 1.0 g. Furthermore, the rate of chromium sorption almost doubled when the stirring speed was increased from 100 to 1,000 rpm, suggesting that the sorption is a diffusionally controlled process. The chromium removal capacity also increased with the rise of temperature, showing the endothermic nature of the process. The results are explained with the help of film diffusion, particle diffusion, and Lagergren pseudo-first-order kinetic models. The kinetics results of the Amberlite IRA-400 Cl^? are compared with its hybrid anion exchange resins IRA-400 Mn(OH)₂ and IRA-400 Cu(OH)₂. It is found that the hybrid ion exchangers have greater removal ability and fast kinetics as compared to the parent exchanger.  相似文献   

上市公司股权结构对业绩影响的实证研究——基于制造业公司的经验数据     

单淑玲  王积田 《中国农学通报》2014,30(26):63-69

股权结构研究是公司治理结构研究中的核心问题。选取制造业上市公司2010—2012年3年间数据作为研究样本,以股权结构特征作为解释变量,通过主成分因子分析法构建公司业绩指标,同时以公司规模和年度作为相关控制变量。在创建多元线性回归模型的基础上,对国内上市制造企业当前的股权结构、绩效关系等进行了详细的实证研究,对实证结果提出了政策建议,为股权结构对业绩影响的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Genetic variability and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani associated with black scurf of potato in New Zealand     

S. Das  F. A. Shah  R. C. Butler  R. E. Falloon  A. Stewart  S. Raikar  A. R. Pitman 《Plant pathology》2014,63(3):651-666

Isolates (a total of 129) of Rhizoctonia solani were collected from black scurf on potato tubers from different potato‐growing regions in New Zealand. Sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA–ITS) regions from these isolates identified three anastomosis groups (AGs), AG‐3PT, AG‐2‐1 and AG‐5. Isolates classified as AG‐3PT were widely distributed, whereas AG‐2‐1 and AG‐5 were confined to distinct locations. Sequence heterogeneity was identified in the ITS regions of 100 AG‐3PT and AG‐2‐1 isolates. Variation in the sequence and length of the rDNA–IGS1 region was also observed for selected isolates of AG‐3PT and AG‐2‐1. Phylogenetic studies found all AG‐2‐1 isolates belong to AG‐2Nt, a subset of AG‐2‐1 previously associated with solanaceous crops in other countries. AG‐2‐1 isolates were consistently more aggressive than those of AG‐3PT. Delayed emergence, severe infection on stolons, formation of aerial tubers and considerable yield losses were associated with AG‐2‐1, but they caused negligible black scurf. In contrast, AG‐3PT caused black scurf on progeny tubers but variable effects on stem emergence and stolons. Furthermore, AG‐2‐1 isolates caused severe tuber malformation, but isolates of other AGs did not. This is the first report on the AG composition, genetic variability and pathogenicity of R. solani isolates associated with black scurf of New Zealand potatoes.  相似文献   

Changes in soil phosphorus fractions across a toposequence in the estuary plains of Pakistan     

Sohail Jamil  Mohammad Saleem Akhtar  Mehrunisa Memon  Muhammad Imran  Shah Rukh 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(11):1567-1577

Understanding the regional dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) chemistry is essential for developing the best fertilizer management practices aimed at enhancing P use efficiency in cropping systems. The soil content of apatite, an important P-containing lithogenic mineral, can be influenced by its position in the local relief of a landscape. The objective of this study was to determine quantitative distribution of various P-forms in estuary plains of southern Pakistan in relation to soil genesis. Soils at different positions within the estuary plain were sampled at various genetic horizons. Apatite-P was the most abundant inorganic P constituent (380-590 mg kg^?1) in all cases, followed in decreasing abundance by iron oxides surfaces adsorbed phosphorus (Fe-P), octacalcium phosphates (Ca₈-P), aluminum oxides with surface bound P (Al-P) and the least abundant was the phosphorus occluded in iron oxides mineral (Occl-P). The abundance of apatite-P and these other forms of secondary phosphate varied for the soils at different relief positions in these estuary plain landscapes.  相似文献   

Electrochemical principles for active control of liquids on submillimeter scales     

BS Gallardo  VK Gupta  FD Eagerton  LI Jong  VS Craig  RR Shah  NL Abbott 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5398):57-60

Electrochemical methods were combined with redox-active surfactants to actively control the motions and positions of aqueous and organic liquids on millimeter and smaller scales. Surfactant species generated at one electrode and consumed at another were used to manipulate the magnitude and direction of spatial gradients in surface tension and guide droplets of organic liquids through simple fluidic networks. Solid microparticles could be transported across unconfined surfaces. Electrochemical control of the position of surface-active species within aqueous films of liquid supported on homogeneous surfaces was used to direct these films into periodic arrays of droplets with deterministic shapes and sizes.  相似文献