偏顶蛤胚胎和幼虫发育及温度对其浮游幼虫生长和发育的影响     

宁军号  庞云龙  宋坚  常亚青  张伟杰  何舟  程龙 《中国水产科学》2015,22(2):196-203

在室内条件下,人工诱导偏顶蛤(Modiolus modiolus)产卵并在显微镜下对其胚胎和浮游期幼虫的形态进行连续观察和拍照,并采用实验生态学的方法,研究温度对其浮游期幼虫生长和发育的影响。结果显示,偏顶蛤亲贝人工催产时,以流水刺激4 h,阴干12 h为宜。偏顶蛤卵呈圆形或卵圆形,沉性卵,卵径为(82.6±3.2)μm,精子鞭毛型,全长约50μm。在水温19~21℃下,偏顶蛤受精卵发育至D形幼虫(壳长104.0μm±4.3μm)、匍匐幼虫(壳长255.8μm±15.0μm)和早期稚贝(壳长329.1μm±5.8μm)分别历时20.5 h、20 d和36 d。水温是影响偏顶蛤幼虫生长和发育的主要因素之一,幼虫适宜水温为15~20℃,15℃组幼虫畸形率显著低于20℃组,生长率20℃组最高达5.4μm/d;水温25℃和30℃下,幼虫畸形率均显著高于15℃组和20℃组,并分别在第6天和第4天全部死亡。相对于高温而言,偏顶蛤幼虫对低温的耐受能力更强。本文旨在为偏顶蛤繁殖生物学和苗种繁育技术提供基础资料。  相似文献   

Effects of different dietary copper sources on the growth and intestinal microbial communities of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)     

Ye Yuan  Min Jin  Jiaxiang Luo  Jia Xiong  Terry Lynn Ward  Fei Ji  Guozhong Xu  Mihai Sun  Qicun Zhou 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(4):828-840

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary copper sources on growth performance and intestinal microbial communities of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Four isonitrogenous (420 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (70 g/kg crude lipid) experimental diets were formulated to contain different copper sources, Diet NSC (no‐supplemented copper), Diet CS (copper sulphate), Diet Availa (copper amino acid complex from Availa^®Cu100) and Diet M (1:1, copper sulphate + copper amino acid complex). A total of 360 Pacific white shrimp juveniles (initial weight: 1.86 ± 0.03 g) were randomly allocated into four groups, with three replicates per group and 30 shrimps each replicate. An Illumina‐based sequencing method was used to analyse the intestinal bacterial composition of shrimp juveniles. The results revealed that shrimps fed Diet M had significantly higher percent weight gain (PWG) than that fed Diet NSC and Diet CS, while there were no significant differences between Diet M and Diet Availa. Survival was not affected by the dietary copper sources. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominant in the intestines of Pacific white shrimp. Shrimps fed Diet M and Diet Availa had higher bacterial richness and diversity than those fed Diet NSC and Diet CS with no significant differences among all treatments. Furthermore, Diet M and Diet Availa which contained copper amino acid complex reduced the relative abundance of Vibrionaceae in shrimp intestinal tract. This study indicated that dietary copper sources could affect the intestinal microbial communities and diets supplemented with Availa^®Cu100 could have a positive impact on the growth performance and decrease the potential risk of disease in Pacific white shrimp.  相似文献   

棘胸蛙人工繁殖及苗种培育技术的初步研究     

周洵 《水产养殖》1993,(1):19-22

本文对棘胸蛙(R.spunosa Danid)的人工繁殖及苗种培育进行了初步探讨,通过一系列实验考察了亲蛙的性腺发育、发情、产卵情况及卵的孵化情况。与14组自然繁殖的亲蛙对照,11组由LRH—A人工催产的亲蛙受精率及孵化率均较高,能同时获得大量蝌蚪,且能做到集中产卵,同时孵化,个体间基本同步发育。  相似文献   

我国开发西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼资源的SWoT分析与策略   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周爱忠  张勋  张禹  郁岳峰 《现代渔业信息》2010,25(3):8-11

我国开展秋刀鱼（Cololabissaira）资源探捕已多年,但一直停留在试捕阶段,尚不能形成规模生产。本文利用SWOT态势分析法,分析我国渔业企业开发西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼资源存在的优势、劣势,以及所面临的外部机遇与挑战。并在此基础上提出了我国开发西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼资源的策略。  相似文献   

Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. A never‐ending story?          下载免费PDF全文

E. Ringø  Z. Zhou  J.L.G. Vecino  S. Wadsworth  J. Romero  Å. Krogdahl  R.E. Olsen  A. Dimitroglou  A. Foey  S. Davies  M. Owen  H.L. Lauzon  L.L. Martinsen  P. De Schryver  P. Bossier  S. Sperstad  D.L. Merrifield 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(2):219-282

It is well known that healthy gut microbiota is essential to promote host health and well‐being. The intestinal microbiota of endothermic animals as well as fish are classified as autochthonous or indigenous, when they are able to colonize the host's epithelial surface or are associated with the microvilli, or as allochthonous or transient (associated with digesta or are present in the lumen). Furthermore, the gut microbiota of aquatic animals is more fluidic than that of terrestrial vertebrates and is highly sensitive to dietary changes. In fish, it is demonstrated that [a] dietary form (live feeds or pelleted diets), [b] dietary lipid (lipid levels, lipid sources and polyunsaturated fatty acids), [c] protein sources (soybean meal, krill meal and other meal products), [d] functional glycomic ingredients (chitin and cellulose), [e] nutraceuticals (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and immunostimulants), [f] antibiotics, [g] dietary iron and [h] chromic oxide affect the gut microbiota. Furthermore, some information is available on bacterial colonization of the gut enterocyte surface as a result of dietary manipulation which indicates that changes in indigenous microbial populations may have repercussion on secondary host–microbe interactions. The effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota is important to investigate, as the gastrointestinal tract has been suggested as one of the major routes of infection in fish. Possible interactions between dietary components and the protective microbiota colonizing the digestive tract are discussed.  相似文献   

池塘养殖增氧方式效果比较   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

林海  周刚  周军  李旭光  王嘉俊  赵林华 《水产养殖》2010,31(5):42-44

为了解微孔增氧对池塘水体能量流动、水质及养殖效益的影响,对2种不同增氧方式下3个河蟹养殖池塘的养殖周期(4—9月份)进行了水质测定,获得了池塘不同水层的水温、溶氧、氨氮、亚硝酸盐及高锰酸钾盐指数数据。结果表明,夏季高温时采用微孔管道增氧能有效降低表层、底层的温差,一定程度上降低底层水温。微孔管道增氧能有效增加水体溶氧,开机90min水体底层溶氧增加速率是普通增氧机的5倍;6—9月份采用微孔增氧的池塘水体较普通增氧,NO2-N低70﹪以上,NH3-N低22.9﹪以上,高锰酸钾盐指数低20﹪以上,取得了较高的经济效益。  相似文献   

The role of leptin in lipid metabolism in fatty degenerated hepatocytes of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus     

Rong-Hua Lu  Xu-Fang Liang  Min Wang  Yi Zhou  Xiao-Li Bai  Yan He 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(6):1759-1774

  相似文献   

鱼类最高游速的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

周应祺 《水产学报》1985,9(2):106-120

据实验测试表明，鱼类最高游泳速度U，受到鱼体长L及温度T制约。鱼体摆动所能达到的最高频率，被肌肉收缩时间Tmc所限定。本文作者从144次测试数据中，对Tmc、T和L的关系作了分析，推导得一组经验公式。  相似文献   

东海黄鲫的食物组成和食性的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭爱  周永东  金海卫  薛利建  徐汉祥 《现代渔业信息》2010,25(8):10-13,27

本文通过对东海区（120～127°E,26～35°N）大面积调查及补充取样取得的黄鲫Coiliamystus（Linnaeus）样本进行分析,对其食物组成、食性类型、食性季节变化进行了研究。结果表明：（1）黄鲫食料生物组成较复杂,共计有15个类群,49种（包括未鉴定到种的种类）,4种不可辨认类型饵料。依据相对重要性指数指标来看,磷虾类为最重要的饵料类群,IRI=5363,IRI百分比占87．4％,长尾类、樱虾类、糠虾类为次重要类群。（2）黄鲫属浮游动物食性。（3）黄鲫的食物组成、摄食强度、食物生态位宽度存在明显的季节变化。  相似文献   

松江鲈鱼初期胚后发育阶段消化系统组织学的初步研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

周明  韦正道 《现代渔业信息》1996,11(11):1-3

实验通过对松江鲈鱼(Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel)仔鱼的消化道进行从口腔到尾部的连续切片,观察其消化道的组织学结构。结果表明:①松江鲈鱼仔鱼在出膜后1d与2d的消化道组织结构简单,肠腔部分位置堵塞,未见畅通,仔鱼靠自身的卵黄囊进行营养。②出膜3d后的松江鲈鱼仔鱼消化道畅通,可进行主动摄食。了解到这一情况,并根据其当时精确的口径大小,可为解决松江鲈鱼仔鱼开口时间与选择合适开口饵料提供理论依据。  相似文献