Nucleoside by‐product dietary supplementation influences blood chemistry,immune response,oxidative stress resistance and intestinal morphology of juvenile amberjack,Seriola dumerili          下载免费PDF全文

M.S. Hossain  S. Koshio  M. Ishikawa  S. Yokoyama  N.M. SONY  T. Fujieda 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(6):1390-1400

We explored the influence of nucleoside by‐products (NBP) on blood chemistry, immune response, oxidative stress and intestinal morphology of Seriola dumerili. Four experimental diets were formulated where diets 1–3 are semipurified and supplemented with liquid NBP at concentration of 0 (D1, negative control), 30 (D2) and 90 (D3) g/kg. Diet 4 (D4) is a fishmeal‐based positive control diet. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish for 50 days. The results revealed a significant influence of NBP supplementations on total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and triglyceride level. Lysozyme activity (LA), total serum protein (TSP) and peroxidase activity (PA) also increased with NBP supplementation as compared to the negative control. TSP, PA and LA were numerically higher in diet groups D2 and D4, respectively. Anterior enterocyte height (hE) was higher in diet group D4, while NBP‐supplemented groups showed intermediate values with D1 group and negative control group showed significantly lowest value. Supplementation of NBP also increased anterior fold height (hF) and microvillus height and posterior hF, hE and microvillus height compared with D1. Finally, we concluded that NBP can be used as a cheaper nucleotide/nucleoside source for amberjack. Supplementation of more than 30 g/kg in diets improved blood chemistry, non‐specific immunity, oxidative stress resistance and intestinal morphology of amberjack.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary Nannochloropsis sp. powder and lipids on the growth performance and fatty acid composition of larval and postlarval kuruma shrimp,Marsupenaeus japonicus     

T. O. Oswald Adissin  Ishikawa Manabu  Koshio Shunsuke  Yokoyama Saichiro  Amina S. Moss  Serge Dossou 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(1):186-200

The current study evaluated the effects of fish oil replacement with eicosapentaenoic acid‐enriched single‐cell microalgae in the diets of larval and postlarval kuruma shrimp. Experimental diets containing different level of Nannochloropsis sp. powder (10, 40, 70 g/kg) and lipids (2, 8, 10, 14, 35, 58 g/kg) were evaluated. The substitution of fish oil with algal powder significantly improved shrimp growth compared to that in the control group, with the highest final body weight recorded at 70 g/kg in larvae and 40 g/kg in postlarvae. Larvae fed algal lipids with a dry weight percentage in the diet of greater than 10 g/kg showed significantly lower performance than those in the control group. The neutral lipids in the tissue of the postlarvae that had been fed algal lipids had an improved fatty acid profile, as the content of highly unsaturated fatty acids increased compared to that in the other groups. The content of docosahexaenoic acid increased in the tissue, indicating the possible occurrence of the metabolism and accumulation of Nannochloropsis sp. essential fatty acids. Algal powder could replace FO up to 140 g/kg in shrimp diets without compromising growth and FA profiles.  相似文献   

氧化鱼油与棕榈油对花鲈肝脏抗氧化酶及组织结构的影响   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

韩雨哲  姜志强  任同军  越盐俊介  高坚  石洪玥 《中国水产科学》2010,17(4)

在21个200 L圆形流水水槽中各放养花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)幼鱼,初始体质量为(1.73±0.01)g.在相同的环境条件下投喂以棕榈油(P)与新鲜鱼油(F)或氧化鱼油(OF)不同比例混合的7组饲料(10P,10F,6F4P,4F6P,100F,60F4P和40F6P),每个实验组设3个重复.60d饲养实验结束后,通过测定花鲈肝脏部分抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶SOD,过氧化氢酶CAT和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),并对肝脏,肠以及肌肉进行组织学观察,研究在配合饲料中添加棕榈油替代氧化鱼油对花鲈肝脏抗氧化酶活力及其对组织结构的影响.结果表明,在含有氧化鱼油的实验组中,添加40%的棕榈油对花鲈肝脏的CAT活力以及GSH-Px活力有显著提高作用(P<0.05),对SOD活力有一定的提高效果(P>0.05),各组间总抗氧化能力差异不显著(P>0.05).新鲜鱼油组(10F,6F4P,4F6P)间抗氧化酶活力差异不显著(P>0.05).非氧化组花鲈肝脏和肌肉组织结构完整,100F组花鲈肝脏和肌肉组织呈现氧化脂肪中毒症状,添加棕榈油后(60F4P和40F6P)症状减轻,各组花鲈肠结构无明显差异.由此认为,棕榈油在花鲈饲料中部分替代鱼油是可行的,另外,在贮存不当的饲料中,后喷涂一定比例的棕榈油能对其毒性产生缓解作用.  相似文献   

Synthesis of self-pillared zeolite nanosheets by repetitive branching     

Zhang X  Liu D  Xu D  Asahina S  Cychosz KA  Agrawal KV  Al Wahedi Y  Bhan A  Al Hashimi S  Terasaki O  Thommes M  Tsapatsis M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6089):1684-1687

Hierarchical zeolites are a class of microporous catalysts and adsorbents that also contain mesopores, which allow for fast transport of bulky molecules and thereby enable improved performance in petrochemical and biomass processing. We used repetitive branching during one-step hydrothermal crystal growth to synthesize a new hierarchical zeolite made of orthogonally connected microporous nanosheets. The nanosheets are 2 nanometers thick and contain a network of 0.5-nanometer micropores. The house-of-cards arrangement of the nanosheets creates a permanent network of 2- to 7-nanometer mesopores, which, along with the high external surface area and reduced micropore diffusion length, account for higher reaction rates for bulky molecules relative to those of other mesoporous and conventional MFI zeolites.  相似文献   

Methionine Requirement of Juvenile Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus     

Md. Shah  Alam  Shin-Ichi  Teshima  Manabu  Ishikawa  Shunsuke  Koshio 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2000,31(4):618-626

Abstract.— Growth studies were conducted to determine the dietary methionine requirement of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus . A basal diet was formulated to contain 50% crude protein from casein and gelatin, as intact protein sources, supplemented with crystalline L-amino acids (CAA), to correspond to the amino acid pattern found in the whole body protein of the juvenile Japanese flounder, except methionine. Test diets contained six graded levels of L-methionine 0.53, 0.83, 1.13, 1.43, 1.73, and 2.03% of diet (dry matter basis) or 1.06, 1.66, 2.26, 2.86, 3.46 and 4.06% of protein. To prevent leaching losses of water-soluble amino acids, CAA were pre-coated with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and diets were further bound with both CMC and κ-carrageenan after addition of the pre-coated CAA. Weighing about 2.80 g, each triplicate group of the juvenile flounder were fed test diets twice a day (5% of body weight) for 40 d. Survival rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and apparent protein retention were significantly ( P < 0.05) affected by dietary methionine concentrations. The optimum dietary level of methionine in the presence of 0.06% of dietary cystine for Japanese flounder juvenile was estimated by using break point analysis. The values determined based on weight gain and feed efficiency were 1.49% of diet (or 2.98% of protein) and 1.44% of diet (or 2.88% of protein), respectively. These requirement values are close to the methionine level of flounder whole body protein.  相似文献   

Optimum Dietary Level of L-ascorbic Acid for Japanese Eel, Anguilla japonica     

Toncaun  Ren  Shunsuke  Koshio Shin-Ichi  Teshima  Manabu Ishikawa  Md. Sham  Alam  Arthur  Panganiban  Jr. Yin Yin  Moe Tomokazu  Kojima Hiroyuki  Tokumitsu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2005,36(4):437-443

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary level of ascorbic acid (AsA) for Japanese eel juveniles using L-ascorbic acid Ca based on growth, AsA content in tissues, hematology, and bactericidal activity of serum with Escherichia coli . Test diets with six levels of AsA (3, 10, 27,126, 645, and 3,135-mg/kg diet) as Ca ascorbate were fed to juvenile Japanese eels (11.0 ± 0.2 g) once a day for 8 wk. High survival rates (> 80%) were observed among all dietary treatment groups. The specific growth rates of the fish fed diets containing 3 and 10-mg AsA/kg were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of other groups. Liver and brain AsA contents of the fish fed diets containing 3, 10, and 27-mg AsA/kg were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the fish fed diets containing 645 and 3,135-mg AsA/kg. Hemoglobin content tended to be higher in the fish fed diets containing 645 and 3,135-mg AsA/kg than those of the fish fed other diets. Hematocrit value and total serum protein content of the fish fed diets containing 645 and 3135 mg AsA/kg were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the other groups. The fish fed diets containing more than 27-mg AsAlkg showed a higher bactericidal activity of serum than the fish fed the diets containing 3-mg and 10-mg AsA/kg. The optimum dietary level of AsA for the Japanese eel juveniles growth was estimated to be more than 27-mg AsA/kg. Furthermore, the inclusion of 645-mg AsA/kg or more also increased the hematocrit, hemoglobin, total serum protein value, and liver and brain vitamin C concentrations.  相似文献   

Tyrosinase inhibitor from black rice bran   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Miyazawa M  Oshima T  Koshio K  Itsuzaki Y  Anzai J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(24):6953-6956

The inhibitor of tyrosinase activity in black rice bran was investigated. The methanol extract from black rice bran was re-extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, or water. The ethyl acetate extract had the most potent inhibition against tyrosinase activity by 80.5% at a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL. Inhibitory compound in the ethyl acetate fraction was isolated by silica gel column chromatography, and identified as protocatechuic acid methyl ester (compound 1) by GC, GC-MS, IR, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Compound 1 inhibited 75.4% of tyrosinase activity at a concentration of 0.50 micromol/mL. ID(50) (50% inhibition dose) value of compound 1 was 0.28 micromol/mL. To study the structure-activity relationship, protocatechuic acid (2), vanillic acid (3), vanillic acid methyl ester (4), isovanillic acid (5), isovanillic acid methyl ester (6), veratric acid (7), and veratric acid methyl ester (8) were also assayed.  相似文献   

Distribution of photoperiod-insensitive alleles Ppd-B1a and Ppd-D1a and their effect on heading time in Japanese wheat cultivars     

Masako Seki  Makiko Chono  Hitoshi Matsunaka  Masaya Fujita  Shunsuke Oda  Katashi Kubo  Chikako Kiribuchi-Otobe  Hisayo Kojima  Hidetaka Nishida  Kenji Kato 《Breeding Science》2011,61(4):405-412

The genotypes of photoperiod response genes Ppd-B1 and Ppd-D1 in Japanese wheat cultivars were determined by a PCR-based method, and heading times were compared among genotypes. Most of the Japanese wheat cultivars, except those from the Hokkaido region, carried the photoperiod-insensitive allele Ppd-D1a, and heading was accelerated 10.3 days compared with the Ppd-D1b genotype. Early cultivars with Ppd-D1a may have been selected to avoid damage from preharvest rain. In the Hokkaido region, Ppd-D1a frequency was lower and heading date was late regardless of Ppd-D1 genotype, suggesting another genetic mechanism for late heading in Hokkaido cultivars. In this study, only 11 cultivars proved to carry Ppd-B1a, and all of them carried another photoperiod-insensitive allele, Ppd-D1a. The Ppd-B1a/Ppd-D1a genotype headed 6.7 days earlier than the Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a genotype, indicating a significant effect of Ppd-B1a in the genetic background with Ppd-D1a. Early-maturity breeding in Japan is believed to be accelerated by the introduction of the Ppd-B1a allele into medium-heading cultivars carrying Ppd-D1a. Pedigree analysis showed that Ppd-B1a in three extra-early commercial cultivars was inherited from ‘Shiroboro 21’ by early-heading Chugoku lines bred at the Chugoku Agriculture Experimental Station.  相似文献   

Effects of water-soluble and fat-soluble choline sources on the performances of juvenile kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus Bate     

Fady Raafat Michael  Shin-Ichi Teshima  Shunsuke Koshio  Manabu Ishikawa  Orhan Uyan  & Md. Shah Alam 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(16):1563-1571

The present study was undertaken to clarify the effect and interaction of choline chloride (CC) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), the water‐ and fat‐soluble sources of choline, on the performances of kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus juveniles using as response variables such as percent weight gain (%WG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival (SR%), feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratio (PER), proximate composition, fatty acids profile and free choline and PC contents in the whole body of kuruma shrimp. A 40‐day feeding trial was conducted as a 2 × 3 factorial experiment with six test diets containing three levels of CC (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 g kg^?1) and two levels of soybean PC (SPC; 2 and 4 g kg^?1). Both of the choline sources (CC and SPC) showed a significant interaction (P<0.05) regarding all the evaluated response variables except for the proximate and fatty acid contents. Interestingly, there was a positive effect (P<0.05) of CC observed with increasing its level at the low level of SPC and vice versa. However, the magnitudes of the beneficial effect of CC in terms of the evaluated parameters were changed with the different dietary levels of SPC. Also, the inclusion of higher levels of SPC (4 g kg^?1) or CC (0.6 and 1.2 g kg^?1) diminished the effect of the other source.  相似文献   

Growth, stress tolerance and non-specific immune response of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus to probiotics in a closed recirculating system   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Yousuke Taoka  Hiroto Maeda  Jae-Yoon Jo  Min-Jee Jeon  Sungchul C. Bai  Won-Jae Lee  Kazuya Yuge  Shunsuke Koshio 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):310-321

ABSTRACT:   Effects of probiotics on growth, stress tolerance and non-specific immune response in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were evaluated in a closed recirculating system. Survival and growth of flounder treated by supplying commercial probiotics either in the diet (the probiotic diet group), or into the rearing water (the water supply group), were higher compared to the untreated group (the control group). Water quality parameters, pH, NH₄-N, NO₂-N and PO₄-P showed lower concentration in the probiotic diet group compared with the control group and the supply group. Plasma lysozyme activity in the probiotic diet group and the water supply group was significantly higher ( P  < 0.05) than that in the control group. In heat shock stress tests, flounder in the probiotics-treated groups showed greater heat tolerance (measured by 50% lethal time, LT50) than the control group. Pathogen challenge tests with Vibrio anguillarum (2 × 10⁷ c.f.u./mL) resulted in significantly higher survival in the probiotics-treated groups than the control group. Results indicated that probiotics supplied in the rearing water and the diet of fish enhanced the stress tolerance and the non-specific immune system of Japanese flounder, providing them a higher resistance against stress conditions and pathogens.  相似文献