Development of digestive enzyme activity in larvae of spotted sand bass <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paralabrax maculatofasciatus</Emphasis> II: Electrophoretic analysis     

Alvarez-González CA  Moyano-López FJ  Civera-Cerecedo R  Carrasco-Chávez V  Ortíz-Galindo JL  Nolasco-Soria H  Tovar-Ramírez D  Dumas S 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(1):29-37

The activities of several digestive enzymes during larval development of the spotted sand bass (Paralabrax maculatofasciatus) were evaluated using electrophoretic techniques. The results show the presence of three isoforms of alkaline protease from day 2 after hatching (ah) and the early appearance of one pepsin-like band from day 12 ah onwards. In addition, two lipase bands first appeared on day 2 ah, and there was a change in the molecular weight of one band from day 15 ah onwards. Several α-amylase isoforms were observed from hatching up to day 5 ah. These results indicate that the important digestive enzymes develop rapidly in these larvae, supporting the possibility of early weaning at day 12 ah using artificial diets.  相似文献   

Development and distribution of intestinal enzymatic activity in Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Steindachner, 1868) larvae fed with live prey     

Renato Peña  Silvie Dumas  Carmen Rodríguez-Jaramillo 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):218-224

We describe the development and distribution of intestinal aminopeptidase M, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV, non-specific esterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase, using enzyme histochemistry techniques, in the spotted sand bass larvae ( Paralabrax maculatofasciatus ) under culture conditions. All digestive enzymes tested showed a positive reaction from first feeding (day 2) and throughout the study period (day 30). At first feeding, the main enzymatic activity was in the mucosa throughout the intestines. Later, enzymatic activity occurred in the liver, kidney and stomach. All enzymatic activities increased from days 15 to 20, remaining constant until the end of the study. This enzymatic activity suggests the onset of maturation of the digestive tract. After day 20, a positive reaction was recorded in the pyloric caeca for all tested enzymatic activities. Our study confirms the digestive and absorptive functions in the intestines in spotted sand bass larvae from first feeding. It also brings new insight to establish an early weaning strategy during cultivation of spotted sand bass larvae.  相似文献   

Atrophic rhinitis caused by Pasteurella multocida type D: morphometric analysis.          下载免费PDF全文

B Martineau-Doiz  G Dumas  R Larochelle  J C Frantz    G P Martineau 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1991,55(3):224-228

In order to study the distribution and the extent of atrophy caused by Pasteurella multocida in the nasal conchae, experimental piglets were injected intramuscularly at seven days of age with either two or four 50% mouse lethal doses per kg body weight of P. multocida type D dermonecrotoxin. Experimental and control piglets were killed four, six and ten days postinjection. Serial transverse paraffin embedded sections of the noses were cut throughout the entire length of the nasal conchae. The area of the nasal ventral conchae was measured and the morphometric index of the nasal cavity was calculated. It was observed that P. multocida type D dermonecrotoxin induced severe atrophy of the nasal ventral conchae. This atrophy was present along the entire conchae. However, it was most severe at the level of the first and second premolar teeth.  相似文献   

Human lineage-specific amplification, selection, and neuronal expression of DUF1220 domains     

Popesco MC  Maclaren EJ  Hopkins J  Dumas L  Cox M  Meltesen L  McGavran L  Wyckoff GJ  Sikela JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5791):1304-1307

Extreme gene duplication is a major source of evolutionary novelty. A genome-wide survey of gene copy number variation among human and great ape lineages revealed that the most striking human lineage-specific amplification was due to an unknown gene, MGC8902, which is predicted to encode multiple copies of a protein domain of unknown function (DUF1220). Sequences encoding these domains are virtually all primate-specific, show signs of positive selection, and are increasingly amplified generally as a function of a species' evolutionary proximity to humans, where the greatest number of copies (212) is found. DUF1220 domains are highly expressed in brain regions associated with higher cognitive function, and in brain show neuron-specific expression preferentially in cell bodies and dendrites.  相似文献   

Detection of Anaplasma dna in Ixodes ricinus ticks: pitfalls     

Sikutová S  Rudolf I  Golovchenko M  Rudenko N  Grubhoffer L  Hubálek Z 《Folia parasitologica》2007,54(4):310-312

A total of 150 nymphal Ixodes ricinus (L., 1758) (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Czech Republic were examined for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Foggie, 1949) Dumler et al., 2001 by PCR using EHR521/747 primers: 22 of 50 pools were positive (minimum prevalence, 14.7%). However, sequencing of the PCR products did not show complete homology with A. phagocytophilum (91%) while the closest relationship (95%) was found to "Candidatus Ehrlichia walkefii". The results indicate a need for care in interpretation of Anaplasma PCR results and for PCR optimization for detecting A. phagocytophilum in ticks.  相似文献   

Transcriptomic approaches to unravel plant–pathogen interactions in legumes     

Carine Ameline-Torregrosa  Bernard Dumas  Franziska Krajinski  Marie-Thérèse Esquerre-Tugaye  Christophe Jacquet 《Euphytica》2006,147(1-2):25-36

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Synaptic pruning by microglia is necessary for normal brain development   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paolicelli RC  Bolasco G  Pagani F  Maggi L  Scianni M  Panzanelli P  Giustetto M  Ferreira TA  Guiducci E  Dumas L  Ragozzino D  Gross CT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6048):1456-1458

Microglia are highly motile phagocytic cells that infiltrate and take up residence in the developing brain, where they are thought to provide a surveillance and scavenging function. However, although microglia have been shown to engulf and clear damaged cellular debris after brain insult, it remains less clear what role microglia play in the uninjured brain. Here, we show that microglia actively engulf synaptic material and play a major role in synaptic pruning during postnatal development in mice. These findings link microglia surveillance to synaptic maturation and suggest that deficits in microglia function may contribute to synaptic abnormalities seen in some neurodevelopmental disorders.  相似文献   

Potential fungal inhibition by immobilized hydrolytic enzymes from Trichoderma asperellum     

Silva BD  Ulhoa CJ  Batista KA  Yamashita F  Fernandes KF 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(15):8148-8154

The use of cell wall degrading enzymes from Trichoderma asperellum immobilized on biodegradable support is an alternative for food packaging. In this study, hydrolytic enzymes produced by T. asperellum were tested as a fungal growth inhibitor, in free form or immobilized on a biodegradable film composed of cassava starch and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephtalate) (PBAT). The inhibitory activity was tested against Aspergillus niger , Penicillium sp., and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , microorganisms that frequently degrade food packaging. The use of chitin as carbon source in liquid medium induced T. asperellun to produce N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and protease. The presence of T. asperellun cell wall degradating enzymes (T-CWD) immobilized by adsorption or covalent attachment resulted in effective inhibition of fungal growth. The enzymatic activity of T-CWD was stronger on S. sclerotiorum than on the Aspergillus or Penicillum isolates tested. These results suggest that T-CWD can be used in a free or immobilized form to suppress fungi that degrade food packaging.  相似文献   

Economic Evaluation of a Small-Scale Recirculating System for Ongrowing of Captive Wild Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata in North Carolina   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kimberly A.  Copeland Wade O.  Watanabe Christopher E  Dumas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2005,36(4):489-497

An economic analysis of a hypothetical small‐scale marine recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is conducted for ongrowing small, wild black sea bass Centropristis striata at the University of North Carolina Wilmington, Center for Marine Science (UNCW‐CMS) aquaculture facility in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina (NC). The analysis is based on production data from field trials and marketing data from the sale of tank‐grown product. The growout facility consists of four 16.7‐m³ (dia. x ht. = 5.58 × 1 m) fiberglass tanks supported by state‐of‐the‐art RAS components, including particle traps and swirl separators, drum screen filter, trickling biological filter, UV sterilizer, heat pump, protein skimmer, and oxygen cone. Wild‐caught, above minimum legal size black sea bass (24.2 cm TL, 350 g, 0.77 lb) were purchased from a commercial fisherman for $3.14/ kg ($1.4011b), stocked at a density of 21.1 kg/m³, and grown to a final weight of 1 kg (2.24 lb) in 200 d at 23 C resulting in 1.8 production cycles per year. Fish were fed a commercial pelleted diet ($0.94/kg; $0.42/Ib) with a feed conversion ratio of 1.5. Final harvest density was 60 kg/m³ (0.50 lb/gal), and total harvestable weight was 3,982 kg (8,919 Ibs) of fish per cycle, or 6,760 kg (15,022 lb) per year. The economic analysis assumes that the facility owner manages and operates the system on coastal property zoned commercial/industrial, where full strength seawater is available on demand from natural sources. Under the base case scenario, initial investment in construction and equipment is $84,506 (10‐yr life), fish are grown to a harvestable weight of lkg/fish (2.24 lb/fish), product price (farm gate basis) is $10.10/kg ($4.50/lb), and breakeven price is $7.02/kg ($3.13/lb). Depreciation, fingerlings, interest paid, electricity, and feed, account for 19.6%,17.4%, 16.9%, 16.6%, and 12.3%, respectively, of total annual costs. Measures of financial performance for the base case, 10‐yr scenario are: annual return to management, $18,819; net present value (5% discount rate), $145,313; internal rate of return on initial investment, 37%; and discounted payback period on initial investment, 3.2 yr. Sensitivity analysis showed that product price changes have the largest impact on annual returns, while changes in daily growth rate, initial weight, and survival have a strong impact on financial performance. Moderate effects are seen with changes in fingerling costs, feed costs, feed conversion ratio (FCR), final weight, and interest rates.  相似文献   

Effects of tank colour and prey density on first feeding of the spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Steindachner) larvae     

Renato Peña  Silvie Dumas  Ana Trasviña  Gerardo García  & Hugo Pliego-Cortéz 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(12):1239-1242

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