毛梾天然群体种实表型多样性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

康永祥  赵宝鑫  贠玉洁 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,39(9):107-117

【目的】通过对全国毛梾主要自然分布区种实性状的大量调查及测算,研究毛梾种实性状的自然变异特点和地理变化规律,为毛梾全国选优策略和栽培区划的制定提供科学依据。【方法】以毛梾主要分布区的9个具有代表性的群体为研究对象,对种子直径、种壳厚度、百果质量等9个种实性状进行了系统比较分析,采用巢式设计方差分析、多重比较、相关分析、聚类分析等数学方法,探讨毛梾种实在群体间及群体内的表型多样性。【结果】毛梾种实性状在群体间及群体内存在丰富的变异,群体间平均表型分化系数为23%。果皮厚度、种壳厚度、实壳比的变异系数分别为27.42%,25.03%和25.19%,而种子直径的变异系数仅为9.61%。9个表型性状之间多数呈极显著或显著相关。果皮厚度与纬度呈显著正相关(R=0.808),种壳厚度与纬度、降水量均有显著相关性(R=-0.892,0.787),实壳比则与经、纬度呈显著相关(R=0.815,0.850)。利用群体间欧氏距离进行UPGMA聚类分析表明,毛梾群体可以划分为3类。【结论】群体间种实性状变异小于群体内变异,果皮与种壳的变异较大,而种子直径的稳定性较强。杨凌和青州的变异程度较其他群体高且杨凌种子的综合品质最好,边缘群体与中心群体差异较为明显。在空间分布上,实壳比与经、纬度呈双向变异模式,果皮厚度、种壳厚度与纬度显著相关,种壳厚度与年降水量呈显著正相关。  相似文献   

Requirement of JNK2 for scavenger receptor A-mediated foam cell formation in atherogenesis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ricci R  Sumara G  Sumara I  Rozenberg I  Kurrer M  Akhmedov A  Hersberger M  Eriksson U  Eberli FR  Becher B  Borén J  Chen M  Cybulsky MI  Moore KJ  Freeman MW  Wagner EF  Matter CM  Lüscher TF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5701):1558-1561

In vitro studies suggest a role for c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) in proatherogenic cellular processes. We show that atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-/- mice simultaneously lacking JNK2 (ApoE-/- JNK2-/- mice), but not ApoE-/- JNK1-/- mice, developed less atherosclerosis than do ApoE-/- mice. Pharmacological inhibition of JNK activity efficiently reduced plaque formation. Macrophages lacking JNK2 displayed suppressed foam cell formation caused by defective uptake and degradation of modified lipoproteins and showed increased amounts of the modified lipoprotein-binding and -internalizing scavenger receptor A (SR-A), whose phosphorylation was markedly decreased. Macrophage-restricted deletion of JNK2 was sufficient to decrease atherogenesis. Thus, JNK2-dependent phosphorylation of SR-A promotes uptake of lipids in macrophages, thereby regulating foam cell formation, a critical step in atherogenesis.  相似文献   

不同花生荚果力学特性研究及优异品系筛选     

许静  潘丽娟  陈娜  王通  陈明娜  王冕  禹山林  丁红  孙伟  赵孝东  迟晓元 《中国油料作物学报》2021,43(5):803

花生荚果的力学特性是花生机械化收获的重要参考因素,而果柄强度和破壳力是花生力学特性的主要指标。本研究以173份花生品种（系）为材料,测定其鲜荚果的果柄强度、荚果破壳力、结实范围、产量和品质等指标,以筛选适应机械化收获的优异品系。结果表明：173个花生品种（系）的果柄强度变异广泛（4.35~11.68N）,平均秧-柄脱落力（8.34N）大于果-柄脱落力（7.03N）,13个品系在果-柄脱落力和秧-柄脱落力之间达到显著或极显著水平;荚果侧压破壳力>正压>立压,3个方向的荚果破壳力两两之间均存在极显著差异;大花生品种（系）的荚果层高度显著高于小花生品种（系）,荚果层厚度在大小花生之间无显著差异;相关分析表明花生荚果的果柄强度来源于果-柄之间的脱落力（r = 0.96,P<0.01）;与对照相比,51份花生品种（系）在荚果和籽仁产量上均表现为增产;花生荚果力学特性的15个性状和产量、品质的9个性状分别综合成为5个和3个主成分因子,累计贡献率分别为66.73%和80.33%;多元回归分析表明果-柄脱落力、秧-柄脱落力、果柄脱落率、成熟荚果果柄强度、未熟荚果果柄强度是影响果柄强度的主要性状;最终筛选出19个果柄强度适中、增产的花生品种（系）,为后续培育适应机械化收获的花生新品种提供优异的育种材料基础。  相似文献   

水稻rbcS启动子的克隆及其在转基因水稻中的特异性表达          下载免费PDF全文

卢碧霞  张改生  夏勉 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,35(1):96-100

为将高效特异的启动子用于转基因水稻研究,利用PCR技术从水稻‘中花11’基因组DNA中克隆了rbcS启动子,序列分析表明,扩增片段(2 746 bp)与已报道的该基因序列相应区域的同源性达99.2%。将rbcS启动子与GUS报告基因融合构建了由rbcS启动子引导GUS基因的植物表达载体,经农杆菌介导法导入到水稻中。对转基因水稻植株中GU S活性的定性与定量测定结果表明,rbcS启动子可驱动GUS报告基因在转基因水稻植株叶片中的特异性表达,其表达水平高于C aMV 35S组成型启动子,而在转基因水稻植株根和种子等器官中不表达或表达活性极弱,表现出明显的组织特异性。  相似文献   

河南省罗山茶区主要农业气候特征分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

路启民  李勉  王晶晶  计舒怀 《现代农业科技》2013,(4):261+267

对罗山茶区的温度、降水和日照条件等气候特征进行分析,结果发现:①罗山茶区近30年来的活动积温与全国其他茶区相比偏低,有利于提高茶叶品质。②茶区内降水充沛,相对湿度和云雾条件都符合生产优质茶的条件。③日照百分率偏高,茶树可以生长,但是容易降低茶叶的品质,可以通过营造防护林、铺草帘和人工搭棚等方法来减少直射光。  相似文献   

花生中两个硬脂酰-ACP去饱和酶基因的克隆与序列分析     

焦坤  迟晓元  潘丽娟  陈娜  陈明娜  王通  王冕  杨珍  和亚男  禹山林 《花生学报》2013,(3):1-7

脂肪酸去饱和酶是不饱和脂肪酸合成途径的关键酶,催化脂肪酸链特定位置上脱氢形成双键.本研究通过构建花生种子全长cDNA文库,结合大规模EST测序和RACE克隆等方法,从花生中克隆得到了两个FAB2基因,分别命名为AhFAB2-2和AhFAB2-3.其中AhFAB2-2全长为1387bp,ORF为1158bp,理论分子量为43.7 kD,理论等电点为5.69;AhFAB2-3全长为1452bp,ORF为1188bp,理论分子量为44.9 kD,理论等电点为6.37.它们推导的氨基酸序列与拟南芥的相似性依次为60.8％和57.2％;与大豆的相似性分别是62.3％和59.3％.这两个基因在GenBank上的登录号分别为KF358459和KF358460.  相似文献   

Identification of quantitative trait loci for seed traits and floral morphology in a field-grown Lolium perenne × Lolium multiflorum mapping population     

R. N. Brown    R. E. Barker    S. E. Warnke    L. D. Cooper    L. A. Brilman    M. A. Rouf Mian  G. Jung    S.-C. Sim 《Plant Breeding》2010,129(1):29-34

Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass), and Lolium multiflorum Lam. (annual or Italian ryegrass), differ in several traits related to seed yield. Generally, L. multiflorum spikes are larger than L. perenne spikes, and have more spikelets, more florets per spikelet, larger seeds and awns. The greater number of spikelets and florets and larger seeds are associated with higher seed yield in L. multiflorum . Ryegrass ( Lolium sp.) cultivars are produced by seed multiplication and understanding the genetics of seed production traits would aid in plant improvement. A total of 30 QTL for seed production related traits were identified in this study. The QTLs were primarily located on linkage groups 2 and 4 which appear to be the most important for distinguishing L.   multiflorum and L. perenne . These QTL will be used to develop molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding and screening of L. perenne seed lots to detect seed contamination with L. multiflorum .  相似文献   

我国农药剂型专利发展状况分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张骞  王冕  谭晓伟 《农药科学与管理》2010,31(7):21-23

针对近几年的农药主要剂型专利申请数量,分析其数据特点、发展规律,总结原因并预测农药剂型的发展方向,为从事农药剂型研发的我国技术人员提供数据指导。  相似文献   

Emergy-based study on eco-economic system of arid and semi-arid region: a case of Gansu province, China     

Bing XUE  XingPeng CHEN  Yong GENG  Mian YANG  FuXia YANG  XiaoFen HU 《干旱区科学》2010,2(3):207-213

Taking Gansu province as a model case,this study provides an integrated analysis on the eco-economic system of arid and semi-arid region based on emergy synthesis theory. Through calculating the values of renewable emergy flow,non-renewable resources,imported emergy,exported emergy,waste emergy,and total emergy during the period of 1978-2007,the performance of Gansu eco-economic system was analyzed. The results indicated that the renewable emergy flow within the province basically remained steady state which was estimated at 2.99×1022 solar emjoules (sej) from 1978 to 2007. The imported emergy and exported emergy were estimated at 3.75×1017 sej and 2.99×1020 sej in 1978 and increased to 1.07×1022 sej and 1.44×1022 sej respectively in 2007. The nonrenewable emergy flow was estimated at 1.62×1022 sej and increased to 1.85×1023 sej,with annual growth rate of 8.7%,while the estimated total emergy was 4.58×1022 sej in 1978 and increased to 2.11×1023 sej in 2007,with annual growth rate of 5.41%. Our results indicate a deteriorate situation between economic development and environmental protection in the region. The rapid economic growth in the past thirty years was based on a great consumption of nonrenewable resource and caused continuous decrease in the capacity of sustainable development. The environmental loading ratio was 0.53 in 1978,increased to 6.06 in 2007,indicating a rapid degradation of the regional environment quality. We calculated that the actual population was 1.53 times the renewable resource population in 1978,increased to 7.06 times in 2007. During the period of 1978-2007,the emergy rose from 2.45×1015 sej/(capita·a) to 8.07×1015 sej/(capita·a). Our analysis revealed that the emergy density presented a trend of gradual increase,and then the emergy currency ratio in Gansu decreased from 7.08×1013 sej/Chinese Yuan to 7.82×1012 sej/Chinese Yuan.  相似文献   

不同荔枝品种叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量相关性的拟合曲线研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢其乡  疏冕  刘薇薇  邝舒  姚青  陈厚彬 《华南农业大学学报》2010,31(1)

以5个荔枝Litchi chinensis Sonn.品种为试材,对叶片叶绿素含量与叶绿素仪测定值(SPAD值)的相关性及其拟合曲线进行了研究.针对每个品种建立了最优拟合方程,并对其实用性进行评价;在4种拟合方程中,乘幂方程是最优方程.  相似文献