First report of QoI resistance in Italian population of Pyricularia oryzae     

Tenni  Daniele  Sinetti  Alice  Waldner  Maya  Torriani  Stefano F. F.  Romani  Marco 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(6):1705-1709

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Rice blast disease, caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara, is considered the most destructive rice disease in Italy. Quinone outside inhibitor (QoI)...  相似文献   

Bacterial community associated with the ambrosia beetle Platypus cylindrus on declining Quercus suber trees in the Alentejo region of Portugal     

Stefano Nones  Camila Fernandes  Lídia Duarte  Leonor Cruz  Edmundo Sousa 《Plant pathology》2022,71(4):966-979

In Portugal, the oak pinhole borer Platypus cylindrus and its mycobiota have been associated with cork oak (Quercus suber) death, but no knowledge exists regarding the associated bacterial community. However, it is known that some bacteria are important for ambrosia beetle symbiosis and play a role in oak tree health. To explore the bacteria associated with this beetle and its host, with the ultimate goal of highlighting potential roles in oak decline, this study used a culture-dependent approach for strain isolation and phylogenetic identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). The bored galleries of different cork oak trees from a cork stand in Alentejo, together with the body and mycangia of adult beetles, were investigated. The samples revealed a diverse community comprising 500 isolates with 64 distinct types of bacterial colonies. Sixty-eight strains were selected for sequencing and used for phylogenetic analysis, 40 from wood galleries and 28 from beetles. Thirty-two genera of bacteria were identified, 18 of which were described for the first time within oak–beetle interactions. Major taxonomic groups were Actinobacteria in beetles and Enterobacterales in wood galleries. Although specific oak bacterial pathogens were not detected, a group of distinct strains detected in wood galleries, potentially belonging to a new Pectobacteriaceae species, were able to produce mild symptoms on cork oak plantlets. This study reports for the first time the biodiversity of culturable bacteria associated with the Q. suber–P. cylindrus interaction, their relevance to both organisms and the possible contribution to oak decline.  相似文献   

Microbial dynamics after adding bovine manure effluent together with a nitrification inhibitor (3,4 DMPP) in a microcosm experiment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Anita Maienza  Erland Bååth  Silvia Rita Stazi  Anna Benedetti  Stefano Grego  Maria Teresa Dell’Abate 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(6):869-877

The application of animal manure effluents in agriculture in combination with nitrification inhibitors should be beneficial for nutrient recycling, soil quality, plant productivity, and greenhouse gas emission and offer economic advantages to make them an alternative to conventional fertilizers. The present study aims to estimate the effects of the addition of bovine manure effluent alone or together with a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dymethylpyrazol-phosphate (3,4 DMPP)) on the microbial community dynamics in a Mediterranean soil in an incubation experiment over 28 days. The application of the bovine manure effluent increased respiration, microbial biomass carbon, fungal and bacterial growth, and enzyme activities and changed the microbial community structure evaluated by the phospholipid fatty acid pattern. Adding the bovine manure effluent together with the nitrification inhibitor, although partly negating the positive effect of the effluent on soil microbial activity, still resulted in higher or similar growth and activity as in the control. Our results indicate that the addition of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4 DMPP together with a bovine manure effluent could be a promising solution to control the animal manure effluent application effects on soil microbiological properties and microbial dynamics, as well as counteracting direct inhibiting effects of 3,4 DMPP on the soil heterotrophic community.  相似文献   

Flow resistance in mobile bed rills shaped in soils with different texture     

Francesco G. Carollo  Costanza Di Stefano  Alessio Nicosia  Vincenzo Palmeri  Vincenzo Pampalone  Vito Ferro 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(5):2062-2075

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Map- vs. homology-based cloning for the recessive gene ol-2 conferring resistance to tomato powdery mildew     

Stefano Pavan  Zheng Zheng  Mariya Borisova  Petra van den Berg  Concetta Lotti  Claudio De Giovanni  Pim Lindhout  Hans de Jong  Luigi Ricciardi  Richard G. F. Visser  Yuling Bai 《Euphytica》2008,162(1):91-98

The recessive gene ol-2 confers papilla-associated and race-non-specific resistance to tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici. In order to facilitate marker assisted selection (MAS) in practical breeding programmes, we identified two simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and one cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker which are linked to the resistance locus and co-dominantly inherited. Aiming to provide a base for ol-2 positional cloning, we used a large segregating F₂ population to merge these markers with all the ol-2 linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP^®) markers previously identified in an integrated genetic map. By screening a tomato bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library, we detected two BAC clones containing two expressed sequence tags (ESTs) homologous to the gene mlo, responsible for powdery mildew resistance in barley, as well as an ol-2-linked marker. Chromosomal mapping by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) revealed major signals of the two BAC DNAs in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of the short arm of chromosome 4, in the same region where the ol-2 gene was previously mapped. The genetic and cytogenetic co-localisation between ol-2 and tomato mlo-homologue(s), in addition to the similarity of ol-2 and mlo resistances for both genetic and phytopathological characteristics, suggests that ol-2 is likely a mlo-homologue. Thus, a homology-based cloning approach could be more suitable than positional cloning for ol-2 isolation.  相似文献   

Biochemical Characterization of Cassiopea andromeda (Forsskål, 1775), Another Red Sea Jellyfish in the Western Mediterranean Sea     

Gianluca De Rinaldis  Antonella Leone  Stefania De Domenico  Mar Bosch-Belmar  Rasa Slizyte  Giacomo Milisenda  Annalisa Santucci  Clara Albano  Stefano Piraino 《Marine drugs》2021,19(9)

Increasing frequency of native jellyfish proliferations and massive appearance of non-indigenous jellyfish species recently concur to impact Mediterranean coastal ecosystems and human activities at sea. Nonetheless, jellyfish biomass may represent an exploitable novel resource to coastal communities, with reference to its potential use in the pharmaceutical, nutritional, and nutraceutical Blue Growth sectors. The zooxanthellate jellyfish Cassiopea andromeda, Forsskål, 1775 (Cnidaria, Rhizostomeae) entered the Levant Sea through the Suez Canal and spread towards the Western Mediterranean to reach Malta, Tunisia, and recently also the Italian coasts. Here we report on the biochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of C. andromeda specimens with a discussion on their relative biological activities. The biochemical characterization of the aqueous (PBS) and hydroalcoholic (80% ethanol) soluble components of C. andromeda were performed for whole jellyfish, as well as separately for umbrella and oral arms. The insoluble components were hydrolyzed by sequential enzymatic digestion with pepsin and collagenase. The composition and antioxidant activity of the insoluble and enzymatically digestible fractions were not affected by the pre-extraction types, resulting into collagen- and non-collagen-derived peptides with antioxidant activity. Both soluble compounds and hydrolyzed fractions were characterized for the content of proteins, phenolic compounds, and lipids. The presence of compounds coming from the endosymbiont zooxanthellae was also detected. The notable yield and the considerable antioxidant activity detected make this species worthy of further study for its potential biotechnological sustainable exploitation.  相似文献   

Microstructure, fundamental rheology and baking characteristics of batters and breads from different gluten-free flours treated with a microbial transglutaminase   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

Stefano Renzetti  Fabio Dal Bello  Elke K. Arendt   《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,48(1):33-45

Gluten is a fundamental component for the overall quality and structure of breads. The replacement of the gluten network in the development of gluten-free cereal products is a challenging task for the cereal technologist. The functionality of proteins from gluten-free flours could be modified in order to improve their baking characteristics by promoting protein networks. Transglutaminase (TGase) has been successfully used in food systems to promote protein cross-linking. In this study, TGase was investigated for network forming potential on flours from six different gluten-free cereals (brown rice, buckwheat, corn, oat, sorghum and teff) used in breadmaking. TGase was added at 0, 1 or 10 U/g of proteins present in the recipe. The effect of TGase on batters and breads was evaluated by fundamental rheological tests, Texture Profile Analysis and standard baking tests. Three-dimensional elaborations of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) images were performed on both batters and breads to evaluate the influence of TGase on microstructure. Fundamental rheological tests showed a significant increase in the pseudoplastic behaviour of buckwheat and brown rice batters when 10 U of TGase were used. The resulting buckwheat and brown rice breads showed improved baking characteristics as well as overall macroscopic appearance. Three-dimensional CLSM image elaborations confirmed the formation of protein complexes by TGase action. On the other side, TGase showed negative effects on corn flour as its application was detrimental for the elastic properties of the batters. Nevertheless, the resulting breads showed significant improvements in terms of increased specific volume and decreased crumb hardness and chewiness. Under the conditions of this study, no effects of TGase could be observed on breads from oat, sorghum or teff. Overall, the results of this study show that TGase can be successfully applied to gluten-free flours to improve their breadmaking potentials by promoting network formation. However, the protein source is a key element determining the impact of the enzyme.  相似文献   

Antiproliferative activity of Citrus juices and HPLC evaluation of their flavonoid composition     

Camarda L  Di Stefano V  Del Bosco SF  Schillaci D 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(6):426-429

The antiproliferative activity of fresh fruit juices extracted from Citrus sinensis (cv. Washington Navel and cv. Sanguinello), C. deliciosa cv. Avana, C. clementina cv. Nules, C. aurantium subsp. myrtifolia , was evaluated against K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia), HL-60 (human leukemia) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. All the juices tested showed antiproliferative activity. Moreover, the pattern of the main flavanone compounds in the juices has been determined by HPLC analysis.  相似文献   

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MSn) Analysis and Bioactivity Useful for Prevention of “Diabesity” of Allium commutatum Guss     

Loizzo  Monica R.  Tundis  Rosa  Sut  Stefania  Dall’Acqua  Stefano  Ilardi  Vincenzo  Leporini  Mariarosaria  Falco  Tiziana  Sicari  Vincenzo  Bruno  Maurizio 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(1):124-130

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile obtained by HPLC-ESI-MSn analysis, the inhibitory activity of enzymes linked to obesity...  相似文献   

The CT dorsolateral subluxation index is a feasible method for quantifying laxity in the feline hip joint     

Carmela Valastro  Delia Franchini  Valerio Valentini  Gianvito Lanave  Aristide Maggiolino  Stefano Ciccarelli  Antonio Di Bello 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(4):372-377

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